Packages in DEBIAN - Part III (Network Interface Management)

Linux Post Install

7 minutes

Greetings, Dear cyber-readers.

This is the third publication of the series of 10 dedicated to Study of GNU / Linux Distros Packages, but focused on DISTRO DEBIAN. Which are of utmost importance for any user of Free Operating Systems usually. And as in the previous one we will continue with those packages and concepts related to Network Interface Management.

DEBIAN packages

And for any questions or information about them remember to lean Firstly on the following links:

And if you want to read the previous entries in this series, they are:

In this post we will study about the package NetworkManager and the use of ip command.

Package:

Network Manager: It's a network service within the Operating System that manages devices and network connections in order to maintain active network connectivity for as long as possible or when the user decides. That is, it manages the ports (connections) Ethernet, Wi-Fi, mobile bandwidth (WWAN), and the devices de PPPoE, y provides integration VPN necessary with a variety of different services VPN. This package provides the daemon (service) necessary for the OS, the graphical utilities for the users of SO, manage network resources graphically and an interface of command line that advanced users or system administrators interact with the other utilities of the NetworkManager.

Note: For more information consult Package: network-manager

Network Manager: This package try to keep an active network connection available at all times. So your target is to do what network configuration can be done so simple and automatic as possible. If DHCP is used, it is meant to replace the default routes, obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server and nameservers of change when it considers it convenient. In effect, their goal is to make networking trivial. It consists of two essential parts: A demon which runs as root and a front-end (Graphical User Interface - GUI). Y mainly takes care of undeclared interfaces in config file / etc / network/ interfaces which is managed mainly by the package Network through the devil Networking.

Note: For more information consult Wiki: NetworkManager

Configuration:

Edit the configuration file with the command command:
$ nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

And substitute the word false by true

Before:

  1. [main]
  2. plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
  3. [ifupdown]
  4. managed=false

After:

  1. [main]
  2. plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
  3. [ifupdown]
  4. managed=true

Then reboot the demon network-manager with any of the methods available in your Operating System:

  • /etc/init.d/network-manager {start | stop | reload | restart | force-reload}

Examples:

  1. /etc/init.d/networking stop
  2. /etc/init.d/networking start
  • service networking {start | stop | reload | restart | force-reload | status}

Examples:

  1. service networking stop
  2. service networking start
  • systemctl {start | stop | reload | restart | force-reload | status} NetworkManager.service

Examples:

  1. systemctl stop NetworkManager.service
  2. systemctl start NetworkManager.service
  • chkconfig -s network-manager {on | off}

Examples:

  1. chkconfig -s network-manager off
  2. chkconfig -s network-manager on

Utilities:

nmcli: It is command line tool available to manage the package NetworkManager. Its execution syntax is very simple and is the following:
nmcli [OPTIONS] OBJECT {COMMAND | help}

Where the values ​​of OBJECT + COMMAND are:


general + { status | hostname | permissions | logging }
networking + { on | off | connectivity }
radio + { all | wifi | wwan }
connection + { show | up | down | add | modify | edit | delete | reload | load }
device + { status | show | connect | disconnect | wifi }

And the values ​​of OPTIONS are:

 
-t[erse]: Visualiza una salida concisa (resumida) por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de la opción -f seguido de uno o más valores de -f disponibles pegados pero seguidos por comas ( , ) más un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-p[retty]: Visualiza una salida presentable (extensa) por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-m[ode]: Visualiza una salida tabulada o alineada por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de uno de los 2 valores disponibles (tabular | multiline) más un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-f[ields]: Permite visualizar la información relacionada con el nombre del campo especificado. Los campos existentes son: , tales como: RUNNING, VERSION, STATE, STARTUP, CONNECTIVITY, NETWORKING, WIFI-HW, WIFI, WWAN-HW, WWAN.

-e[scape]: Permite visualizar la información relacionada con o sin (yes | no) los separadores de columnas en los valores.

-n[ocheck]: Permite evitar el chequeo de versiones entre el programa NetworkManager. No es recomendable usarlo si no es experto en el manejo del paquete.

-a[sk]: Obliga a nmcli ha parar y preguntar por los argumentos necesarios que faltan para su correcta ejecución. No se recomienda usar en ordenes de comando dentro de scripts.

-w[ait]: Establece un nuevo tiempo de espera (en segundos) necesario para que la orden de comando ejecutada se procese y logre culminarse con éxito.

-v[ersion]: Muestra la versión del programa nmcli.

-h[elp]: Visualiza la ayuda del programa.
Note: For more information consult Handbook: nmcli y Tool: nmcli
nmtui: It is a terminal tool with graphical interface available to manage the package NetworkManager. Its use is very simple, and with it you can create, configure, delete, activate, deactivate network interfaces and change the host name, through simple interfaces (user screens). A sample below:

terminal_004

terminal_005

terminal_006

terminal_007

terminal_008

terminal_009

terminal_010

terminal_011

terminal_012

terminal_013

terminal_014

terminal_015

terminal_016

terminal_017

terminal_018

terminal_019

Note: For more information consult Tool: nmtui

IP command:

ip: It is command line tool available for manage the TCP-IP network protocol on the configuration of Network interfaces. This command is part of the package iproute2, and is an efficient and modern substitute for the command ifconfig. Its execution syntax is very simple and is the following:
ip [OPTIONS] OBJECT {COMMAND | help}

Where the values ​​of OBJECT + COMMAND are:


link + { add | delete + set + show }

addr + { add | change | replace }

addrlabel + { list | add | del | flush }

route + { add | del | change | append | replace | list | flush | save | restore | showdump | get }

rule + { list | add | del | flush }

neigh + { add | del | change | replace }

ntable + { change }

tunnel + { add | change | del | show | prl | 6rd }

tuntap + { add | del }

maddr + { add | del | show }

mroute + { show }

mroule + { list | add | del | flush }

monitor + { all | LISTofOBJECTS }

xfrm + { state | policy | monitor } 

netns + { list | add | delete | identify | pids | exec | monitor }

l2tp + { add | del | show }

tcp_metrics + { show | flush | delete }

token + { list | set | get }

netconf + { show }
Note: For more information run the command command: ip COMMAND help

And the values ​​of OPTIONS are:

 
-t[erse]: Visualiza una salida concisa (resumida) por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de la opción -f seguido de uno o más valores de -f disponibles pegados pero seguidos por comas ( , ) más un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-p[retty]: Visualiza una salida presentable (extensa) por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-m[ode]: Visualiza una salida tabulada o alineada por pantalla. Se ejecuta acompañándolo de uno de los 2 valores disponibles (tabular | multiline) más un valor de OBJECT disponible.

-f[ields]: Permite visualizar la información relacionada con el nombre del campo especificado. Los campos existentes son: , tales como: RUNNING, VERSION, STATE, STARTUP, CONNECTIVITY, NETWORKING, WIFI-HW, WIFI, WWAN-HW, WWAN.

-e[scape]: Permite visualizar la información relacionada con o sin (yes | no) los separadores de columnas en los valores.

-n[ocheck]: Permite evitar el chequeo de versiones entre el programa NetworkManager. No es recomendable usarlo si no es experto en el manejo del paquete.

-a[sk]: Obliga a nmcli ha parar y preguntar por los argumentos necesarios que faltan para su correcta ejecución. No se recomienda usar en ordenes de comando dentro de scripts.

-w[ait]: Establece un nuevo tiempo de espera (en segundos) necesario para que la orden de comando ejecutada se procese y logre culminarse con éxito.

-v[ersion]: Muestra la versión del programa nmcli.

-h[elp]: Visualiza la ayuda del programa.
Note: For more information consult Manual: IP y Use: IP command. Or watch the following video on networking commands.

So far I hope the information will serve you and in the next publication we will talk about the package, among other things iproute2 and the commands iw y ethtool.


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