Hello, this time pleasing my readers and in response to all your comments on On servers, what Linux distribution can I use?: “Look at Brody and clearOS and Oracle and CentOS… (RedHat derivations) why don't you talk about those? Where are you standing? Well listen to them and I bring you for those who have never used RedHat or derived a case study, real ... a server with CentOS.
This tutorial is for those who do not know about CentOS (RedHat) or at least have never thought about implementing it on a server. I wanted to call the tutorial "Debian to CentOS" o "The path from Debian to CentOS" but I thought that Debian fanboys were going to boo me in the comments hehehe
For security reasons! xD ... I can't tell you where? nor the exact model of the hardware but I will gladly detail the capabilities.
- 4 Processors 16 cores
- 512 GB Ram
- 6x600GB sata 3 disks, the disk configuration is: raid 0 2x600GB and a raid 5 4x600GB
- 1 Adaptec raid controller
- 2 Qlogic HBA cards
- 4 network cards 1 gb
Let's continue ... Details details details ... Well what download here. CentOS 7 or higher is married to the i386 and x86_64 architecture on its official page, but investigating and investigating a little more, it turns out that they have not completely abandoned other options, so if you go to the following address of your wiki they may choose other flavors.
It has 3 versions Everything, Dvd ISO and minimal, I chose the latter to go for the minimum required and test things like speed of the official repositories, installation speeds, and avoid installing unnecessary services, among other things.
My surprise, the minimum version weighs 630 mb approx., Which I did not like much to be honest. so again dig a little more, it turns out that you have a netinstall version of 380mb approx. (I don't know why they don't make everyone's life easier and they put everything on the first page !!!) what you should do is go to x86_64, select a mirror and then download the netinstall version here.
Well so far the mystery. We start by booting the system, with the install CentOS option.
We select language.
This "Installation Summary" menu has these very good options and usually detects them automatically.
In "Security Policy", bring some already predetermined profiles of environments and environments, it is your choice which best suits your needs.
Not surprisingly, I chose the one that said very specifically as a description of the profile "server installations".
Ok, the interesting part is that everyone gets confused or makes the system explode (beginners I mean, don't be offended by those in the know. I already saw a wave of comments coming on this topic). The manager in my opinion automatically is not that smart, I tried it, it insisted on setting sdb as home. Now with the option "I would like to create additional available space", you must choose which partitions or disks the installer can or cannot touch to create the entire file system.
In conclusion, I did not choose any of those options and I went for the traditional. Manual partitioning, at this point it allows you to create lvm, standard or extended partitions among other types, particularly create these without much problem since it is for this case study.
Selecting + asks you for the mount point and format. The sizes and dimensions are a bit difficult to show with this manager, I did not see an option, to use the rest of the space, so you must select by eye and then check if you still have space available.
Very important, in the modify option under your controller, you can select the possible volumes where the manager will evaluate if the partition you have created fits.
For example, if I create / home with 500 GiB and there is not enough space available in sda but if in sdb then it will automatically assign it to that disk, to avoid this select the disk where you want this partition to exist.
Finally, you must create a root user and a normal user
At the end of the process, you must restart and that's it. When the system starts up, then a black screen and a promp waiting for login and password, as usual.
Here a htop (I had to install htop does not come by default, which is common).
Here a df -h, by the way the initial installation weighed 1.2GB after the upgrade, less than should have with 1.4 GB. The reason why it weighs 4.4 is that I install Virtualbox and Kde (yes, it is not the lightest, they will tell me install xfce or install xen, but this tutorial was for today and for beginners), plus a lot of libraries.
From here on, a piece of cake.
Network / Network
As always there are like 10 ways to configure the network, I will explain one of many, but easy, and it is with nmtui, To configure the network, we start by modifying a connection:
Then you must select which network interface you want to modify.
And finally, put all the configuration, Manual or DHCP, I do not recommend dhcp on a server, but it is up to everyone. I don't judge you hahaha
Now we proceed to update our system:
yum update
yum upgrade
I recommend installing this package, because (in summary) it allows you to save a few megabytes by downloading only the modifications and not the complete package.
yum install deltarpmInstall a graphical interface for virtualbox, I use kde, but you have gnome, kfce, mate, among others.
yum -y groups install "KDE Plasma Workspaces"
Then simply set it to start by default when it boots and also start the environment at once.
# echo "exec startkde" >> ~/.xinitrc
# startxWith virtualbox, I recommend not only adding the virtualbox repositories but the rpmforge ones to satisfy all the dependencies, without any problem.
Here enter the repositories folder and download the new repo
cd /etc/yum.repos.d wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/rhel/virtualbox.repo
Enable rpmforge and install dkms
yum --enablerepo rpmforge install dkms
We install everything necessary, libraries and development applications as well as kernel devel for the kernel headers among other things
yum groupinstall "Development Tools" yum install kernel-devel
We add our user to the vboxusers group
usermod -a -G vboxusers username
And finally if you want to use or share your usb devices with virtual machines, just run these lines
mkdir / vbusbfs
echo "none / vbusbfs usbfs rw, devgid = $ (awk -F: '/ vboxusers / {print $ 3}' / etc / group), devmode = 664 0 0" >> / etc / fstab
mount -a
Easy right?
Performance? benefits? advantages ?, well at the moment it behaves well, I have no complaints, it is the same as Debian, I am installing new virtual machines, for future articles