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When people enter the world of Linux they meet Endings as a repository, GRUB or Kernel that may seem unknown.
Here several terms used in the Linux world will be collected with the purpose of clear many doubts to the people who enter this world. |
Console: It is a program to enter commands via keyboard. These commands are used to tell the operating system to take a certain action. Commands are entered one at a time. The console is usually located in Applications-> Accessories-> Terminal.
Distribution: Linux itself is just the kernel of the operating system. A Linux distribution is the kernel plus a lot of tools to make it easier to configure the operating system and a lot of other applications that can vary from one distribution to another. Examples of Linux distributions are: Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Mandriva. There are hundreds, they can be chosen according to simple tastes or complex needs.
Distribution: Diminutive of distribution.
Root: It is a type of user in Linux. It is the one that has permissions to perform any type of task in the operating system and the PC hardware.
Repository: Set of links and software packages normally hosted on Internet servers. They are used to make it easier to locate, download and install all the programs that we use in Linux.
Terminal: DOS-style command console.
GRUB: (GRand Unify Bootloader) is a bootloader: it is the first thing that loads when the computer starts.
Kernel: system core. The most basic part of the operating system. The rest of the elements are added to increase functionality and usability.
Package manager: Application either in graphical or console mode that allows us to search, install and uninstall applications along with their dependencies.
Super user: Root.
GUI: Interface Grafic of Usuario, from english GRaphical Uto be Iinterface.
Demon: Continuous process that starts together with the system. (Corrected by Carlos)
Kernel Panic: Type of error in which the system crashes, it can only be solved with a restart, something like Hasefroch's Blue Screen of Death, although it is very difficult for us to get this error.
Contributions are welcome so you can write more terms in the comments.
Original Source: Linux Paradise
Input from the comments:
Contributions from Edward Lucena:
GPL (Gnu Public License): It is a Free Software license that allows the program to be copied, modified, used and distributed without restrictions, although it does not allow closing the system code.
Open Source / Open Source: It is a movement that supports the sharing of the source code of a program, but "prevents" its modification without the authorization of the original author.
Free Software Foundation (FSF): Organization created to promote and disseminate Free Software.
GNU (Gis not Not Unix): The GNU project was a project to make a free operating system, and although it was the initial Free Software project, it never became a complete operating system, it never completed the kernel, ultimately using the kernel called « Linux ». From GNU all the tools prevailed (there are really many), which were developed within the FSF, such as GIMP, Gnome, Emacs among others.
Contributions from crafty:
Linus Torvalds: Known for initiating and sustaining development of the Linux kernel.
Richard Stallman: Founder of the movement for free software in the world (FSF).
Contributions from Alfonso Morales:
X Window System (in Spanish X window system): Software that was developed in the mid-1980s at MIT to provide a graphical interface to Unix systems. This protocol allows graphical network interaction between a user and one or more computers, making the network transparent to the user. It generally refers to version 11 of this protocol, X11, which is currently in use. X is in charge of displaying the graphical information completely independent of the operating system.