Update and optimize MX-Linux 19.0 and DEBIAN 10.2 after installing

Update and optimize MX-Linux 19.0 and DEBIAN 10.2 after installing

Update and optimize MX-Linux 19.0 and DEBIAN 10.2 after installing

In this publication we will proceed to offer a common procedure for update and optimizeboth to MX-Linux 19.0 as DEBIAN-10.2 after installing, as the former builds on the latter.

To perform this tutorial we have used a ISO file of the last MX-Linux Snapshot, 64-bit, dated December 2019, called MX-19_December_x64.iso, but anyone can download the latest available from here, And a ISO file of the last stable version of DEBIAN, 64-bit, for DVD, dated November 2019, called debian-10.2.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso, but anyone can download the latest available from here.

Update MX-Linux and DEBIAN: Introduction

This will be ours first post-install tutorial on DEBIAN 10 - Buster, since the last ones created were on the previous version, DEBIAN 9 - Stretch. They are, in case you wish to consult them in an orderly manner, the following:

Update MX-Linux and DEBIAN: Previous Articles

Previous articles on DEBIAN and MX-Linux

  • How to optimize our GNU / Linux Operating Systems? (See entry)
  • How to customize our GNU / Linux Operating Systems? (See entry)
  • Turn your GNU / Linux into a Distro suitable for Software Development (See entry)
  • Turn your GNU / Linux into a quality Multimedia Distro (See entry)
  • Turn your GNU / Linux into a quality Distro Gamer (See entry)
  • Convert your GNU / Linux into an Operating System suitable for Digital Mining (See entry)

And in case, you want to review the previous articles on MX-Linux, the following are available:

  • MX-Linux 17.1: A modern, light, powerful and friendly Distro (See entry)
  • MX-Linux 19 - Beta 1: Distrowatch Distro # 1 is updated (See entry)
  • MX Linux 19: The new version based on DEBIAN 10 has been released (See entry)

Because of these articles, and others about DEBIAN y MX-Linux, who talk about How are they and how to install them? We will go from here on, directly to the post-installation steps, of these new versions available for the year 2020.

Steps and Recommendations

Post-Installation Steps and Recommendations for Upgrading, Customizing and Optimizing DEBIAN 10 and MX-Linux 19

Remember that the actions and packages recommended here to run and install are just that, "packages recomendados", and it remains for each one to execute and install all or some of them, why are they necessary or useful, in the short or medium term, to know and use them, by having them already run or installed.

And keep in mind that these actions and / or packages were previously tested on both Distros, and do not ask to uninstall packages installed by default in these. Further, they do not increase the consumption of memory or CPU, since they do not load processes or daemons (services) in memory by default. To know in advance what each package is used for, click here.

Update

Only for updating MX-Linux

A.- Run MX Updater in the menu bar or from the start menu

B.- Run from a terminal starting "root session", installing the following packages with the following command command:

apt install mx-clocky mx-findshares mx-switchuser mx-timeset-gui mxt-app

To update DEBIAN / MX-Linux

Run from a terminal starting "root session”(Root @ mycomputer $), installing the following packages with the following command command:

apt update; apt full-upgrade; apt install -f; dpkg --configure -a; apt-get autoremove; apt --fix-broken install

apt install aptitude apt-xapian-index apt-transport-https; apt update; update-apt-xapian-index

aptitude clean; aptitude autoclean; apt-get autoremove; apt autoremove; apt purge; apt remove

apt install deborphan localepurge prelink

cp /etc/default/prelink /etc/default/prelink.bck-`date +"%d_%b_%y"`

sed -i 's/PRELINKING=unknown/PRELINKING=yes/' /etc/default/prelink

prelink -all

localepurge; update-grub; update-grub2; aptitude clean; aptitude autoclean; apt-get autoremove; apt autoremove; apt purge; apt remove; apt --fix-broken install

Optional actions

1.- Convert the created user into a sudoers user from the root user

adduser myuser root nano / etc / sudoers myuser ALL = (ALL: ALL) ALL

Note: Insert the last line below the line that says: root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

2.- Update $ PATH variable in superuser .bashrc file: Only for DEBIAN 10

Note: Remember that in the version of "DEBIAN 10" if it doesn't start "root session" with the command command «su -» instead of «su root» you will need to update the content of the variable "$ PATH" to prevent command execution problems, such as when using the command "Dpkg". Therefore, it is necessary to temporarily correct this problem by adding the "PATH" needed with the command «Export» As follows:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

If you want to solve it permanently, you must insert the "PATH" needed as follows:

Mode 1: With the echo command

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin' >> /root/.bashrc

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin' >> /home/miusuario/.bashrc

Mode 2: With the nano command

Run:

nano /root/.bashrc

And add at the end the following line:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

Run:

nano /home/usuario/.bashrc

And add at the end the following line:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

Reminder: If you log in with the command "his -" You can always skip this procedure.

Customize now

Creation of custom content folder or foreign applications in «/ opt /»

mkdir -p / opt / my folder chmod 777 -R / opt / my folder chown myuser. -R / opt / myfolder

Customization of Panel configuration options and its elements

In the cases that this tutorial refers to, DEBIAN and MX-Linux distros with XFCE Desktop Environments with Whisker Menu, the following actions can be performed:

  • Whisker Menu: Change the size, menu icon, list of favorite applications, and other options of the tabs of "appearance and behavior" that are desired in its properties.
  • Menu Bar: Add and / or remove the necessary or desired Widgets and change their position and properties.

Also, with the app Main Menu (Alacarte) may Enable disable the visible and desired applications in the Start Menu.

Customizing Desktop Settings

In the section (application) called XFCE Desktop the following actions or changes can be made:

  • Background: Select a background or several and choose the presentation mode of the same or all.
  • Menu: Select the desired or necessary options from the categories: Desktop Menu and Window Lists Menu.
  • Icons: Select the desired or necessary options from the categories: Appearance and Default icons.

GRUB customization

  • In the case of MX-Linux You can modify the background image by making changes to the GRUB theme "Linen" which comes by default.
  • In the case of DEBIAN You can modify the background image by making changes to the GRUB theme "Starfield" which comes by default.

Note: This change can be done by hand using the editing configuration files of the GRUB topics used, but it is preferable to install the application "GRUB Customizer" and to make this change, and also take advantage of customizing the lines of the inputs of the GRUB.

Conky Desktop Customization

En MX-Linux said application is already installed (ConkyManager)But DEBIAN it would be necessary to install it. Once installed and configured, all you have to do is choose and customize the Conky of our choice.

Optimize

apt install neofetch figlet toilet lolcat

Objective

Facilitate the customization of the .bashrc files root and user.

apt install autoconf automake build-essential dkms fastjar g++ gawk gcc gcc-multilib gettext gettext-base intltool intltool-debian jarwrapper gtk-recordmydesktop linux-headers-$(uname -r) mawk mesa-common-dev minizip nasm perl perl-base perl-modules-5.28 pkg-config python-apt python-glade2 python-gtk2 python-libxml2 subversion wx-common wx3.0-headers x11proto-record-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev

Objective

Provide support for advanced actions, such as kernel compilation or other applications.

apt install libalien-wxwidgets-perl libbz2-dev libc6 libcdio-cdda-dev libcdio-dev libcdio-paranoia-dev libcurl3-gnutls libgcc1 libgl1-mesa-dev libglade2-0 libglade2-dev libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libglib2.0-dev libglibmm-2.4-1v5 libglibmm-2.4-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libgmp3-dev libgtk-3-dev libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libgtk2.0-dev libguichan-sdl-0.8.1-1v5 libjack-jackd2-dev liblocale-gettext-perl libpcre16-3 libmodule-pluggable-perl libpng16-16 libsdl-console-dev libsdl-gfx1.2-dev libsdl-image1.2-dev libsdl-mixer1.2-dev libsdl-net1.2-dev libsdl-ocaml-dev libsdl-pango-dev libsdl-perl libsdl-sge-dev libsdl-sound1.2-dev libsdl-ttf2.0-dev libsdl1.2-dev libsdl2-2.0-0 libsdl2-dev libsdl2-image-dev libsdl2-mixer-dev libsdl2-net-dev libsdl2-ttf-dev libsigc++-2.0-dev libsndfile1-dev libstdc++6 libtool libvorbisenc2 libwx-perl libwxbase3.0-dev libxcb-xtest0 libxcb-xv0 libxml2 libxml2-dev libxml2-utils libxtst-dev libxv-dev libxv1 libxvmc1 libxxf86vm-dev

Objective

Provide support to important applications for advanced users (multimedia, gamers, developers, among others).

apt install arj bzip2 gzip lhasa liblhasa0 lzip lzma p7zip p7zip-full p7zip-rar sharutils rar unace unrar unrar-free tar unzip xz-utils zip

Objective

Provide full support to compression / decompression activities on the Operating System.

apt install alien curl debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring htop lynx net-tools nmap rpm rpm-i18n screen ssh sudo testdisk w3m w3m-img

Objective

Install plugins and basic applications (essential and / or useful) as far as Terminal Interface (CLI) is concerned.

apt install alacarte baobab bleachbit brasero brasero-cdrkit camera.app cdrskin cheese chromium chromium-l10n converseen dcraw dvd+rw-tools dvdauthor evince ffmpegthumbnailer file-roller firefox-esr firefox-esr-l10n-es-es fslint gdebi gedit gedit-plugins gimp gimp-gmic gimp-data-extras gimp-gap gimp-gutenprint gimp-plugin-registry gimp-help-es gnome-disk-utility gnome-orca gparted gphoto2 gpicview gufw imagination kodi libdvdread4 libdvdnav4 libmimic0 libxm4 lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings lsb-release lsdvd menu-l10n menulibre mirage onboard pitivi ooo-thumbnailer plymouth plymouth-themes plymouth-x11 rhythmbox rhythmbox-plugins rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder software-properties-gtk seahorse simple-scan shotwell software-properties-gtk sound-juicer synaptic thunderbird thunderbird-l10n-es-es totem totem-plugins update-notifier vlc vlc-plugin-notify vokoscreen xarchiver xscreensaver zipper.app

Objective

Install add-ons and basic applications (essential and / or useful) in terms of Graphic Interface (GUI).

apt install game-data-packager games-minesweeper games-tetris games-thumbnails gnome-cards-data gnome-games

Objective

Install the basic leisure and entertainment (games) application packages (essential and / or useful) for common users (office automation).

Result

In my case, run this procedure on my MX-Linux Distro 19 to generate my new portable and installable ISO and with a extreme customization and optimizationwhat I usually call "Miracles", now in your version 2.0. I attach screenshots so you can see the result:

MilagrOS 2.0 - Final Appearance 1

MilagrOS 2.0 - Final Appearance 2

MilagrOS 2.0 - Final Appearance 1

So far, this first part of this tutorial. In the second part we will comment that other packages (applications) are recommended to continue optimizing (complementing) the Distros DEBIAN 10 and MX-Linux 19.

Generic image for article conclusions

Conclusion

We hope that this "useful little post" about «DEBIAN y MX-Linux», in its most recent and current versions for the year 2020, to achieve «actualizarlas y optimizarlas», is of great interest and utility, for the entire «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» and of great contribution to the diffusion of the wonderful, gigantic and growing ecosystem of applications of and for «GNU/Linux».

And for more information, always do not hesitate to visit any Online library as OpenLibra y jedit to read books (PDFs) on this topic or others knowledge areas. For now, if you liked this «publicación», don't stop sharing it with others, in your Favorite websites, channels, groups, or communities of social networks, preferably free and open as Mastodon, or secure and private like Telegram.

Or simply visit our home page at DesdeLinux or join the official Channel Telegram from DesdeLinux to read and vote for this or other interesting publications on «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» and other topics related to «Informática y la Computación», and the «Actualidad tecnológica».


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  1.   Gerson said

    As far as I know on the official MX page there is no MX-19_December_x64.iso And when you click on the link they leave in the article, a 0 bit ISO is downloaded.
    I believe that this article before doing well is going to create complications for those who follow the instructions.
    My recommendation: download the official ISO from the MX site; then install and configure to suit everyone.

  2.   Linux PostInstall said

    Greetings, dear Gerson. I will copy here the answer I gave you on Telegram:

    I already fixed the damaged link! At the time of writing the article if there was a perfect ISO of MX-19_December_x64.iso, as I showed you the screenshot with the downloaded ISO, but all the snapshots from December are now at zero (0) kb.

    When I downloaded it it was perfect, but I assume that someone put a repo in 0 Kb and they all synchronized like this. I mean, the mistake was not mine. Since I don't handle repos, I downloaded it perfect. And no matter which MX-Linux mirror is chosen, the December snapshot is now zero, but the build sums are there.

    But I already corrected the link, so thanks for such a valuable comment. Thanks for comment!

    1.    Gerson said

      On purpose; Have you been able to install a liquorix kernel from the stable repository?

      1.    Linux PostInstall said

        Greetings, Gerson! No, but I will do an article about it on the subject. Thanks for your comment.

  3.   osvaldo santos said

    Hello, first of all thank you very much for the post it is a great help to get started but I would like to know what each of the commands does, some I know but others do not, I think it would be good for the rest of the public to know what they are for. Thank you very much again

  4.   jonathanmg said

    Is it possible for you to add the Liquorix Kernel Stable kernel to your iso to further optimize and create a new ISO? I couldn't find the download link for your v2.0 version 🙁

    1.    Linux PostInstall said

      Greetings JonathanMG! I have not uploaded the 2.0 yet, but I did try the Liquorix Kernel on it and I have not seen problems on it. It will not be integrated, but I will make the point that you can accept it without problem.

  5.   jonathanmg said

    Ok with reason I can't find version 2.0 to download, when will it be available? It would be very practical that within the system it will let you select when you are going to install it, it would be a very interesting plus the stable version or the unstable one, I hope you take my comment into account since there is no distro that gives you that option