Debian + KDE: Shigarwa da gyare-gyare

Kamar yadda nayi alkawari, anan mataki zuwa mataki ayyukan da nayi lokacin dana girka INA 4.6 a cikin masoyina Gwajin Debian. Na ɗan yi aiki a yau, don haka ku gafarce ni idan bai zama cikakke kamar yadda kuke so ba.

Wannan safiyar yau nayi tsaftataccen girke (daga karce) na Debian, don inganta bayanan abubuwan da nake buƙatar shigarwa da sauransu, don haka idan kun bi wannan labarin mataki zuwa mataki, ba za ku sami dalilin samun matsala ba.

Shirye-shiryen Debian.

Game da shigarwa akwai keɓancewa. Kullum ina amfani Gwajin Debian kuma mafi mahimmancin abu shine Na sauke wani iso na wannan haɗin kuma da wannan ne ka gama girkawa. Matsalar ita ce tunda bandwidth dina baya yarda dashi, sai nayi amfani da iso na Debian Squeeze.

Shawarwarin # 1: Yana ƙoƙari ya girka tare da Gwajin Debian iso saboda dalilai biyu:

1. Za a sami ƙananan fakitoci don sabuntawa.
2. Kuna da ƙananan haɗarin haɗuwa da kuskuren dogara ko abubuwa kamar haka.

Girkawa, ko dai tare da iso de Matsi o Haushi, daidai yake da yadda na bayyana shi a cikin wannan pdf, sai dai ban girka ba Tsarin muhalli, amma kawai Kayan aikin yau da kullun. Don wannan jagorar zan ɗauka cewa an yi shigarwar ne daga keɓewa na Testing.

Sabuntawa

Da zarar mun gama girkawa ba tare da yanayin zana ba, za mu shiga cikin tushen mu saita wuraren ajiye bayanai:

# nano /etc/apt/sources.list

a cikin fayil ɗin tushe mun sanya:

deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free

kuma sabunta:

# aptitude update

Lokacin da muka gama, zamu sabunta kunshin da aka riga aka sanya:

# aptitude safe-upgrade

Da zarar an gama wannan aikin, idan komai ya tafi daidai, zamu sake kunnawa PC kuma muncigaba da girkawa KDE.

KDE shigarwa

A cikin wannan jagorar ne kawai za mu girka fakitin kwalliya don haka KDE an nuna shi daidai kuma za a iya amfani da shi. Hakanan za mu girka wasu fakiti masu mahimmanci waɗanda ba a haɗa su da tsoho. Da zarar mun shiga cikin tushe, zamu sami cikakken yanayin aiki ta hanyar shigar da waɗannan fakitin:

# aptitude install kde-plasma-desktop kde-l10n-es kde-i18n-es kwalletmanager lightdm

Da wannan ya isa yadda da zarar ya kare kuma mun sake farawa, zamu iya shigar da sabon tebur. Idan ka duba karshen na kara Bayanai kuma na bayyana dalilin. Lokacin da muka shigar da kunshin kde-plasma-tebur, wannan yana girka mu kdm wanda a gare ni yana da nauyi sosai, don haka na maye gurbin shi da Bayanai. Da zarar mun bayar Shigar, mayen zai tambaye mu wacce muke so muyi amfani da ita, ka zabi wacce kake so.

Bayanai Hakanan zai girka fakitin uwar garken zane. Tunda ina amfani da Intel, kawai zan ƙara: xserver-xorg-bidiyo-intel, kasancewa haka:

# aptitude install kde-plasma-desktop kde-l10n-es kde-i18n-es kwalletmanager lightdm xserver-xorg-video-intel

Wannan ya isa, amma idan muna so zamu iya girkawa da zarar an gama, ko kuma tare da waɗannan, waɗannan kunshin masu zuwa:

# aptitude install kde-icons-oxygen kde-config-gtk-style kde-style-qtcurve kwalletmanager kde-icons-mono system-config-gtk-kde gtk2-engines-oxygen gtk-qt-engine

Kayan fakiti ne wanda zamu inganta aikace-aikacen dasu gtk da muke amfani da shi da wasu gumakan da muke ƙarawa. Idan baka yi amfani da walat ba KDE don sarrafa kalmomin shiga, zaka iya cirewa kwalletmanager.

Packarin fakiti.

Kafin sake farawa, zai yi kyau a girka wasu fakitin da muke bukata, misali:

Kunshin Abinda ke Cikin Audio / Video
# aptitude install clementine kmplayer vlc (instalado por defecto) gstreamer0.10-esd gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3 gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad lame pulseaudio -y

Kunshin abubuwan amfani da tsarin:
# aptitude install ark rar unrar htop mc wicd wicd-kde dbus gdebi-kde rcconf ksnapshot -y

Aikace-aikacen NO / KDE Ina amfani da:
# aptitude install iceweasel icedove libreoffice-writer libreoffice-l10n-es libreoffice-kde libreoffice-impress libreoffice-calc gimp inkscape diffuse -y

Abubuwan dana cire:
# aptitude purge exim4 exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light -y

Tabbas ya kamata ka ƙara ko cire abin da kake buƙata 😀

Shirya KDE

Idan muka wuce matakan da suka gabata ba tare da matsaloli ba, munzo kan mafi kyawun ɓangaren wannan duka: keɓancewa KDE don ceton mu kaɗan Mb na amfani. Da farko za mu yi shi da hannu (ta hanyar na’ura mai kwakwalwa) don ci gaba daga baya zuwa abubuwan da aka zana.

Kashe Akonadi + Nepomuk:

Ba zan yi cikakken bayani game da menene ba Akonadi o Nepomuk, musamman tunda akwai kyakkyawan labarin da ke bayyana sosai menene aikin kowannensu. Kuna iya karanta shi a nan. Don kashe Akonadi gaba daya, muna yin haka:

$ nano ~/.config/akonadi/akonadiserverrc

Muna neman layin da ke cewa:

StartServer=true

kuma mun sanya shi gaskiya:

StartServer=false

Ka tuna cewa aikace-aikace kamar Kmail suna amfani Akonadi, saboda haka baza mu iya amfani da su ba. Don kashewa Nepomuk shirya fayil ɗin:

$ nano ~/.kde/share/config/nepomukserverrc

da kuma cewa:

[Basic Settings]
Start Nepomuk=true

[Sabis-nepomukstrigiservice]
autostart = gaskiya ne

Mun barshi kamar haka:

[Basic Settings]
Start Nepomuk=false

[Sabis-nepomukstrigiservice]
autostart = ƙarya

A ka'idar duk wannan ana iya yin ta Da fifikon na System, amma ba komai, anan kusa yafi sauri 😀

Gusar da sakamako.

Zamu iya adana ɗan albarkatu ta hanyar kawar da sakamakon (bango, canji) wancan ya shigo KDE ta tsohuwa. Don wannan muke buɗewa Manajan Zabi na Tsarin » Bayyanar da halayyar filin aiki »Tasirin Desktop da kuma cire alama » Kunna tasirin tebur.

Hakanan zamu iya cire wasu tasirin ta hanyar daidaita saitunan oxygen. Don wannan muke latsawa Alt F2 kuma muna rubutawa oxygen-saituna. Ya kamata mu sami wani abu kamar haka:

A can za mu iya nishaɗantar da kanmu cire tasirin nau'ikan daban-daban. Na kawai cire alamar: Kunna rayarwa.

Daidai nuna aikace-aikacen Gtk

Abu na farko da muke yi shi ne sanya injinan gtk zama dole:

$ sudo aptitude install gtk2-engines-oxygen gtk2-engines-qtcurve

Daga baya zamu bude tashar mu sanya:

$ echo 'include "/usr/share/themes/QtCurve/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"' >> $HOME/.gtkrc-2.0
$ echo 'include "/usr/share/themes/QtCurve/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"' >> $HOME/.gtkrc.mine

Yanzu kawai zamu zaɓi cikin KDE abubuwan fifiko fiye da aikace-aikace gtk amfani QtCurve. Ana iya ganin sakamako a wurina Firefox:

Ana kawar da matakai a farkon.

Muna bude Manajan Zabi na Tsarin »Gudanar da tsarin» Farawa da Rufewa »Manajan Sabis kuma cire alamar waɗanda ba mu so mu fara. Misali na wanda koyaushe nake musaya: Nepomuk kayan bincike.

Share siginan roba.

Kodayake ba ze zama kamar shi ba, ɗan tsalle na gunkin da ya bayyana a kan siginan kwamfuta lokacin da muka buɗe aikace-aikace yana cinye albarkatu. Don kawar da shi mun buɗe Manajan Zabi na Tsarin »Bayyanannun halaye da ɗabi'u» Aikace-aikace da sanarwar tsarin »Kaddamar da sanarwa kuma a ina aka ce Alamar roba mun sanya: Babu siginan kwamfuta.

Tebur na gargajiya.

A koyaushe ina son samun teburin gargajiya, kamar yadda yake GNOME o KDE 3. A saboda wannan zamu je tebur kuma danna gunkin a ɓangaren dama na sama kuma zaɓi Fifita duba jaka:

Kuma a cikin taga da ya fito muna canza yanayin zuwa Ganin babban fayil.

RConf

Mun shigar da rcconf don musaki kamar yadda muka saba wasu ɗumbin da suke farawa lokacin da tsarin yake. A wurina daya daga cikin wadanda na goge shine kdm tunda nayi amfani dashi Bayanai. Dole ne ku yi hankali musamman da wannan, kuma kada ku taɓa sharewa dbus.

Kuma har yanzu wannan jagorar. Ina fatan zan iya kara wasu abubuwa yayin da lokaci ya wuce.