Jagorar Shigar Arch Linux don Amfani da Kwamfuta Gabaɗaya.
Zazzage kuma shirya kafofin watsa labarai shigarwa
• CD / DVD kafofin watsa labarai kafuwa
Windows: Kuna iya amfani da duk wani abin da kuke so, musamman na bar ku Shiga, ingantaccen software mai nauyi,
Gnu / Linux: za su iya amfani da shi musamman wanda ya zo tare da yanayin zane, daga cikinsu akwai, Brasero, k3b, da Xfburn.
• Kebul na matsakaici
Windows: za su iya amfani da shi Universal USB Installer o LinuxLive USB Mahaliccidukansu suna da saukin amfani.
Gnu / Linux: iya amfani da umarnin «dd": Amfani da umarnin dd.
Tsarin tsari na farko
Buga daga CD / DVD ɗinku ko USB. Abu na farko da zamu gani shine allon maraba tare da menu na zaɓuka daban-daban.
Don fara shigarwa dole ne mu zaɓi zaɓin da ya dace don ƙungiyarmu.
Boot Arch Linux (x86_64) - 64 ragowa
Da zarar mun shiga ciki zamu kasance cikin hanzari tushen.
Abu na farko da yakamata muyi shine kafa rabon namu keyboard.
Español:
# jakuna es
Latin Amurka:
# jakuna latin-latin1
» Misali: Latin Amurka
Shirya rumbun kwamfutarka
Kafofin watsa labarai na shigar Arch Linux sun hada da kayan aikin raba abubuwa masu zuwa: fdisk, gdisk, cfdisk, cgdisk, aka rabu. A wannan yanayin muna amfani da shi cfdisk
# cfdisk
mu halitta 4 bangare:
/ taya: Rabaren yana dauke da kwayar tsarin aiki (wanda zai baka damar tsarinka ya kora) tare da fayilolin da akayi amfani dasu yayin aikin taya. Ga yawancin masu amfani, ɓangaren taya na 100 - 150 Mb Ya isa.
/ (tushen): Wannan shine inda "/" (tushen directory) yake. A cikin wannan saitin, duk fayiloli (sai dai waɗanda aka adana a /boot) suna kan tushen ɓangaren, don haka kuna son ƙaramin ƙarfin ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa. 10-15 GB.
/ gida: Inda za a adana saitunan mu na sirri, saitunan aikace-aikacen (da bayanan martaba a cikin su), da kuma al'adar bayanan mu (takardun, hotuna, bidiyo, da sauransu) don haka ana ba da shawarar sanya su. girman girma.
Swap: Wannan bangare ya zama dole don sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar “virtual” wacce ba ta dace da RAM na “jiki” ba kuma ba mu amfani da shi a yanzu.
A kan kwamfutoci masu ƙwaƙwalwar RAM har zuwa 1 Giga yakamata ya kasance daidai SWAP kamar RAM.
tsakanin Gigabyt 2 da 4, ya kamata ya zama SWAP rabin RAM.
con fiye da gigabyte 4 bai kamata a wuce ba 2 Gigas na SWAP kamar yadda da yawa.
Amfani cfdisk Dole ne mu ƙirƙiri makircin rabuwar da aka zaɓa, ƙirƙirar bangare ɗaya a lokaci guda, tare da jerin umarnin: Sabo »Firamare | Girman hankali »Girman (a cikin MB)» Farkon.
Bayanai biyu don la'akari:
- Game da batun raba da aka zaba kamar Swap, je zuwa zaɓi "type”Kuma zaɓi 82 (Musayar Linux) na jerin.
- Game da batun raba da aka zaba kamar / taya, zaɓi zaɓi "Bootable"
A ƙarshe, ya kamata ku sami wani abu kamar yadda aka gani a hoto mai zuwa:
Da zarar mun zauna lafiya, dole ne mu zaɓi zaɓi "rubuta", Kuma tabbatar da bugawa"a".
Wannan aikin yana cire duk abubuwan da suka gabata daga rumbun kwamfutarka!
Don fita daga cfdisk, mun zabi “Dakatar".
sdaxnumx = bata, sdaxnumx =/, sdaxnumx = gida y sdaxnumx = musanya
Tsarin bangare
En / taya Za'ayi amfani dashi ext2:
# mkfs -t ext2 /dev/sdaxnumx
En /, Za'ayi amfani dashi ext4:
# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdaxnumx
En / gida, Za'ayi amfani dashi ext4:
# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdaxnumx
En canza, Za'ayi amfani dashi musa:
# musa /dev/sdaxnumx
Mun kunna bangare (canza):
# musayar /dev/sdaxnumx
Kungiyar bangare
Mun hau bangare / (tushe) a cikin / mnt:
# Dutsen /dev/sdaxnumx /mnt
Muna ƙirƙirar kundayen adireshin sauran sassan:
# mkdir /mnt/jirgin ruwa # mkdir /mnt/home
Mun hau daidai bangarorin:
# Dutsen /dev/sdaxnumx /mnt/jirgin ruwa # Dutsen /dev/sdaxnumx /mnt/home
Tabbacin haɗin hanyar sadarwa
Cibiyar sadarwa daemon dhcpcd yana farawa ta atomatik a boot kuma yana ƙoƙarin kafa haɗin waya (saboda haka an riga an haɗa mu da cibiyar sadarwa).
Don haɗawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa mara waya:
# menu na wifi
Duba haɗi:
# ping -c 3 www.google.com
» Misali: Duba haɗi.
Shigarwa tsarin
Za mu yi amfani da rubutun shigarwa da ake kira makulli shigar da tsarin tushe. Hakanan, ƙungiyar kunshin tushe-devel ya kamata a sanya idan kun shirya daga baya tattara software daga AUR (menene shawarar).
Mun shigar da kunshin asali:
# makulli /mnt tushe tushe-devel
A wannan yanayin, zamu girka GRUB azaman mai sarrafa boot:
# makulli /mnt bio-bios
Don ƙarin tallafi a cikin haɗin Intanet, muna shigar da NetworkManager:
# makulli /mnt manajan cibiyar sadarwa
Supportara tallafi ga namu Shafi (idan kana da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka).
# makulli /mnt xf86-shigarwa-synaptics
Babban sanyi
Haɗa fayil ɗin fstab:
# genfstab ku -p /mnt >> /mnt/da dai sauransu/fstab
Chroot kuma saita tsarin tushe:
# baka-chroot /mnt
Saita sunan mai masauki, saboda wannan dole ne mu gyara fayil ɗin / sauransu / sunan mai masauki:
# Nano /da dai sauransu/sunan mai masauki
Fayil ɗin fanko ne, abin da kawai za mu yi shi ne shigar da sunan ƙungiyarmu.
» Misali: Sunan kungiya.
Don fita, mun danna Ctrl + X, muna adana canje-canje ta latsa 'DA ' & Shigar.
Kafa sa'o'i a yankinmu:
Argentina:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Buenos Aires /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Bolivia:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Aminci /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Chile:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Santiago /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Colombia:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Bogota /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Kuba:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Havana /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Ekwado:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Guayaquil /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
El Salvador:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Mai Ceto /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Spain:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/Turai/Madrid /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Guatemala:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Guatemala /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Mexico:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Kasar Mexico /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Nicaragua:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/posix/America/Managua /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Paraguay:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/posix/America/Asuncion /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Peru:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Lima /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Jamhuriyar Dominica:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Santo Domingo /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Uruguay:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Montevideo /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
Venezuela:
# ln -s /usr/share/sashininfo/America/Caracas /da dai sauransu/lokacin gida
» Misali: Meziko
Kafa abubuwan da kake so:
# Nano /etc/locale.conf
Mun sanya wurinmu a cikin fayil ɗin.
Argentina:
Harshe=shineAR.FF-8
Bolivia:
Harshe=shineBO.FF-8
Chile:
Harshe=shineCL.FF-8
Colombia:
Harshe=shineCO.FF-8
Kuba:
Harshe=shineCU.FF-8
Ekwado:
Harshe=shineEC.FF-8
El Salvador:
Harshe=shineSV.FF-8
Spain:
Harshe=shineES.FF-8
Guatemala:
Harshe=shineGT.FF-8
Mexico:
Harshe=shineMX.FF-8
Nicaragua:
Harshe=shineNI.FF-8
Paraguay:
Harshe=shinePY.FF-8
Peru:
Harshe=shinePE.FF-8
Jamhuriyar Dominica:
Harshe=shineDO.FF-8
Uruguay:
Harshe=shineUY.FF-8
Venezuela:
Harshe=shineVE.FF-8
» Misali: Meziko
Don fita, mun danna Ctrl + X, muna adana canje-canje ta latsa 'DA ' & Shigar.
Kunna wurinmu:
A cikin file /etc/locale.gen ta hanyar tsohuwa an nakasa gano wuraren, sai mun share “#”A farkon layin wurin mu don kunna shi.
# Nano /da dai sauransu/locale.gen
» Misali: Meziko
Don fita, mun danna Ctrl + X, muna adana canje-canje ta latsa 'DA ' & Shigar.
Haɗa wuri:
# gida-gen
» Misali: Meziko
Sanya fasalin mabuɗin mu:
Mun ƙirƙiri fayil /etc/vconsole.conf
# Nano /da dai sauransu/vconsole.conf
da zarar mun sanya shimfidar mu ta keyboard.
Español:
MAFARKI=es
Latin Amurka:
MAFARKI=latin-latin1
» Misali: Latin Amurka
Don fita, mun danna Ctrl + X, muna adana canje-canje ta latsa 'DA ' & Shigar.
Grub Girkawa:
# girke-girke /dev/sda
Mun ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin grub.cfg:
# girk-mkconfig -o /jirgin ruwa/gashi/gusa.cfg
Haɓaka ram disk:
# mkinitcpio -p Linux
Saita kalmar sirri tushen:
# passwd
kusa da tsiro:
# fita
Kashe bangarori:
# cika /mnt/{boot, gida,}
Sake kunnawa tsarin:
# sake yi
Da wannan muka gama girka ArchLinux!
Yanzu mun bata Kafa smallan detailsan bayanai kaɗan kamar: Kunna NetworkManager kuma Createirƙiri mai amfani da mu tare da izini na tushen (zumi).
Da zarar an sake tsarinmu sai mu shiga, kamar yadda tushen.
Kunna Manajan Cibiyar sadarwa
Muna gudanar da NetworkManager:
# systemctl farko HanyarKara.aiki
Muna kunna NetworkManager:
# systemctl taimaka HanyarKara.aiki
Hankali! Yana da mahimmanci cewa 'N"da"M'(NzanewaManager) suna cikin babban rubutu.
Createirƙiri mai amfani da mu
Sauya mai amfani ta sunan mai amfanin ku kuma kawai haruffa a ciki casearamin baki.
Don ƙirƙirar mai amfani da ƙungiyoyin su:
# sardawan -m -g masu amfani -G audio,lp,na gani,ajiya,video,dabaran,games,iko,na'urar daukar hotan takardu -s /ni/Bashmai amfani
Sanya kalmar sirri ga mai amfani da mu:
# passwdmai amfani
Kunna Wheungiyar Wheel
Muna shirya fayil ɗin / sauransu / sudoers:
# Nano /da dai sauransu/zufa
Mun cire '#'a farkon layin:%dabaran ALL = (ALL) ALL:
Don fita, mun danna Ctrl + X, muna adana canje-canje ta latsa 'S ' & Shigar.
Sake kunna kwamfuta:
# sake yi
Muna shiga tare da mai amfani da muka kirkira da sabunta tsarin don bincika izinin izini (sudo).
Don haɗawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar mara waya tare da Manajan Cibiyar sadarwa:
$ sudo nmcli dev wifi haɗa "SSID" kalmar wucewa "kalmar sirri"
» Alal misali: $ sudo nmcli dev wifi haɗi DESDELINUX kalmar wucewa LINUX123
Mun sabunta tsarin:
$ sudo pacman -syu
Da wannan muka gama Arch Linux saitin!
- Shigarwa na GNOME akan Arch Linux.
- Shigarwa na KDE akan Arch Linux.
- Shigarwa na Xfce akan Arch Linux.
- Shigarwa na kirfa akan Arch Linux.
- Shigarwa na Openbox akan Arch Linux.
- Gregory Swords (Gespades).
Don Allah! aika naka matsaloli / shakku a cikin imel na: arch-blog@riseup.net