CentOS 7 Hypervisor I - Sadarwar SMB

Janar jeri na jerin: Hanyoyin sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs: Gabatarwa

Ya Ku Masu Karatu!

Wani lokaci muna fuskantar Masu Sabis Masu ƙwarewa waɗanda kawai ke tallafawa wasu Tsarin Ayyuka yayin Tsarin su - Bayarwa na farko. Mun haɗu da kanmu sabobin cewa, yayin wannan aikin, kawai suna tallafawa masu zuwa:

• Microsoft Windows Server 2003 da Iyali
• Microsoft Windows Server 2008 da Iyali
• Microsoft Windows Server 2012 da Iyali
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux RHEL 4, 6, da 7
• SUSE Linux Kamfanin Ciniki Server 12

Debian, Ubuntu, wasu ...?. Babu komai. Abubuwan da ke sama ba yana nufin cewa baza mu iya shigar da tsarin aiki daban ba, amma menene zai faru ga garanti, direbobi, faci, sabuntawa, da dai sauransu. Bari kowane mai karatu ya yanke shawarar kansa.

A yau na gano ta hanyar sadarwa ta sirri da abokina kuma abokin aikina Julio Cesar Carballo - yana aiki a cikin wata muhimmiyar Cibiyar Bayar da Bayani - cewa ya kwashe kimanin kwanaki 10 yana girke sabobin ƙwararru 180 «daga akwatunan su zuwa tara tare da hada cabling gaba ɗaya»Tare da tsarin aiki na Ubuntu.

A zahiri yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS - RHEL, SuSE, ko wasu tsarin aiki UNIX Kamar -duk da tsarin tsarin- wanda aka ba da shawarar don irin wannan aikin, azaman goyan bayan ƙwarewa a cikin sabobin ƙwararru na kowane fanni.

A cikin wannan labarin ba za mu bayar da alaƙa da yawa tsakanin layuka ba, saboda muna tsammanin abubuwan da suka gabata a cikin jerin «Hanyoyin sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs«, Kuma cewa sun riga sun saba da sunaye, jimloli da ma'anoni. Menene waɗancan shafuka?

• Hanyoyin sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs: Gabatarwa
• Shigar da aiki
• 6 Kwancen Debian
• Virwarewa kan Debian: Gabatarwa
• Qemu-Kvm + Virt-Manajan kan Debian
• ƙa'idodi akan Debian
• Gabatarwar CentOS
  
• Umurnin Virsh
• Virt-Manager da virsh: Gudanar da Nesa ta hanyar SSH

Kuma kodayake ba musamman daga jerin ba, karanta labarin mai zuwa yana da amfani ƙwarai, saboda yana tabbatar da zaɓin abubuwan rarraba Linux waɗanda muka yi don jerin abubuwan da aka ambata a baya:

• Rarrabawa akan lokaci na Rarraba Linux

Yau muna kokarin bayar da Jagora shigar da Hypervisor tare da CentOS - CentOS Mai Kulawa. Kowane mai karatu dole ne ya daidaita shi gwargwadon kayan sabar ka, da kuma bukatun masu sana'anta. Mun bar Sanya Mataki-mataki ta Hoto, don sauƙaƙe karanta wannan labarin.

• Ka tuna cewa Red Hat, Inc. shine babban mai tallafawa CentOS, kuma Red Hat, Inc shine mai haɓaka libvirt, manajan gudanarwa, oVirt, kuma kusan yawancin abubuwan da suka shafi ƙimar amfani da Qemu -KVM da gudanarwarsa.

Adjustananan gyare-gyare bayan shigarwa-mataki-mataki

Don sauƙaƙa mana rayuwa, saboda har yanzu ba mu da DNS a cikin LAN, muna gyara fayil din kadan / sauransu / mai gida:

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # Nano / sauransu / runduna
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.10.10.4 centos7.desdelinux.fan centos 10.10.10.1 sysadmin.desdelinux.fan sysadmin

Mun bayyana ainihin wuraren da za mu yi amfani da su kuma sabunta tsarin:

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # ls -l
jimlar 28 -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 1664 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 1309 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-CR.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 649 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 290 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 630 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 1331 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Sources.repo -rw-r - r--. 1 tushen tushen 1952 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Vault.repo

Tabbas yana da lafiya karanta abin da asalin fayilolin sanarwa daga ɗakunan ajiya na CentOS da aka bada shawara. Canje-canjen da muke yi anan saboda rashin samun damar Intanet kuma muna aiki tare da wuraren ajiya da aka sauke daga WWW.

[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # mkdir na asali
[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # mv CentOS- * asali /

[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # nano centos-base.repo
[centos-base] suna = CentOS- $ releasever baseurl = http: //10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/base/ gpgcheck = 0 kunna = 1

[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # nano centos-updates.repo
[centos-updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=http://10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/updates/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # yum tsaftace duka
Plugarin plugins da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, langpacks Manyan wuraren ajiya: centos-base centos-updates Ana tsaftace komai

[tushen @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # sabuntawa
Abubuwan haɗin da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, centos-base langpacks | 3.4 kB 00:00 kwaskwarima-sabuntawa | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/2): tsakiya-tushe / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:01 (2/2): cibiyoyin-sabuntawa / primary_db | 9.1 MB 00:01 Tabbatar da madubi mafi sauri Babu kunshin da aka yiwa alama don ɗaukakawa

Sakon «Babu (wanzu) kunshin da aka yiwa alama don sabuntawa» - - «Babu kunshin da aka yiwa alama don sabuntawa» ya nuna cewa, ta hanyar sanar da mafi sabunta wuraren ajiyar da muke da su a lokacin girkewar, daidai an shigar da fakiti na yanzu.

Waɗanne abubuwan fakiti masu alaƙa da Hypervisor aka shigar?

A cikin babban fayil / tushen, Mai sakawa Anaconda bar fayil tare da mahimman mahimman sifofi waɗanda aka yi amfani dasu yayin ƙaddamar da CentOS. Muna so mu san waɗanne fakiti aka sanya, tunda har yanzu ba mu yi amfani da umarnin kai tsaye ba yum shigar, lokacin amfani da mai saka hoto.

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # cat anaconda-ks.cfg ....
% kunshi @ ^ ƙawancen-mahallin-muhalli
@tushe
@ dakunan karatu
@bbchausa
@bbchausa
@ ƙwarewa-hypervisor
@ ingantaccen-dandamali
@ kayan aikin kirki
....

Kunshin - kunshe-kunshe tare da alamar @ da farko, suna nuna Packungiyoyin fakiti. A halinmu, don samun jerin sungiyoyi - sungiyoyi, dole ne mu ƙara DVD ɗin shigarwa a cikin sanarwar wuraren adanawa:

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # Dutsen / dev / sr0 / kafofin watsa labarai /
dutse: / dev / sr0 an kiyaye shi da kariya, hawa kawai-karantawa

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # nano /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-media.repo
[centos-media] suna = CentOS- $ releasever baseurl = fayil: /// media gpgcheck = 0 kunna = 1

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum tsabtace duka
Plugarin abubuwan da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, langpacks Tsabtace wuraren ajiya: centos-base centos-media centos-updates Ana tsaftace komai Tsabtace jerin manyan madubai masu sauri

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum sabuntawa
Abubuwan haɗin da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, centos-base langpacks | 3.4 kB 00:00 tsakiya-nufin | 3.6 kB 00:00 centos-sabuntawa | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/4): tsakiya-kafofin watsa labarai / rukuni_gz | 155 kB 00:00 (2/4): tsakiya-kafofin watsa labarai / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (3/4): tsakiya-tushe / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (4/4): cibiyoyin-sabuntawa / primary_db | 9.1 MB 00:01 Kayyade madubi mafi sauri Babu fakitin da aka yiwa alama don ɗaukakawa

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum ya sake bayyana duka
Abubuwan haɗin da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, langpacks Login saurin madubi daga cache hostfile ajiyar wurin ajiyar id sunan sunan centos-base matsayin CentOS-7 ya kunna: 9,007 centos-media CentOS-7 ta kunna: 9,007 centos-sabuntawa CentOS-7 ta kunna: 2,560 repolist: 20,574

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum jerin rukuni
... Akwai Environmentungiyoyin Muhalli: Instananan Instaukar Compididdigar Serverarfafa Sabar Sabis na Kayan Gine-ginen Node da Buga Fayil Mai Kula da Sabis Mai Gidan Yanar Gizon Mai Rarraba Mai Gudanar da GIome Gnome Desktop Plasma KDE Developmentungiyoyin Wuraren Ci gaba da Workungiyoyin Ayyuka na Creativeirƙira: Kungiyoyin Gudanar da Gudanar da Gudanar da Ayyuka. Legacy UNIX na tallafawa Kayan Gudanar da Kayan Gudanar da Kayan Gudanar da Kayan Gudanar da Kayan Aikin Kayan Aikin Tsaro Kayan Aikin Gudanar da Kayan Intanet. Tallafin ilimin Kimiyya Taimakon Smart Card ...

ó

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum kungiyoyin jerin id
Abubuwan haɗin da aka ɗora: fastestmirror, langpacks mirroraukar saurin madubi daga maɓallin hostel da aka adana Akwai Kungiyoyin Muhalli: installationaramar shigarwa Compididdigar odeididdigar (ƙididdigar-kumburi-muhalli) Sabis na kayan aiki (kayan aiki-uwar garken-muhalli) Server da buga fayil -server-yanayi) Gidan yanar gizo na asali (uwar garken gidan yanar gizo-muhalli) Mai watsa shiri mai kyau (mai amfani da muhalli) Mai gabatarwa tare da GUI (zanen-uwar garken-muhalli) Gidan Gnome (gnome-desktop-yanayi) wuraren aikin Plasma KDE ( kde-tebur-muhalli) Haɓakawa da Creativeirƙirar Wuri (mai haɓaka-wurin aiki-muhalli) Instungiyoyin da aka girka: Libakunan karatu masu dacewa (dakunan karatu masu jituwa) Legacy UNIX Support (Legacy-unix) ) Kayan aikin tsaro (kayan aikin tsaro) Kungiyoyin da ke akwai: Gudanar da tsarin (tsarin gudanarwa) Kayan aikin bunkasa (ci gaba) hidima (zana-admin-kayan aikin) Kayan aiki don na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta Intanet. (yanar gizo-gizo) Taimako na kimiyya (kimiyya) Taimako don katin wayo (mai kaifin baki)

Yayin shigarwa mun zaɓi babban zaɓi Mai masaukin baki da cikin ta a Tuarfafa Virarfafawa:

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo haɓaka-mahallin-muhalli
---- Rukuni na Rukuni: Tsarin Gudanar da Gida Mai watsa shiri Id: virtualization-host-environment Bayanin: Mai masaukin baki mai karfin aiki. Groupsungiyoyi masu mahimmanci: tushen tushe
    tuarfafawa-ƙwarewa
    virtualization-kayan aikin
Kungiyoyin zabi: debugging + network-file-system-abokin ciniki + m-tsarin-management
    tuarfafawa-dandamali

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo haɓaka-hypervisor
.... Groupungiya: tuarfafawa Hypervisor -ungiya-Id: ƙwarewa-hypervisor Bayani: smalaramar yiwuwar haɓaka shigarwar mai watsa shiri. Kunshin buƙatu:
   = livirt
   = qemu-kvm
 Kunshin zabi: kayan aikin qemu-kvm

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo haɓaka kayan aiki-kayan aiki
.... Rukuni: Kayan aikin kirkirar Rukuni-Id: kayan kwalliya-kayan aiki Bayani: Kayan aiki don gudanar da hoto na kama da kama da layi Tsoffin fakitoci:
   = libguestfs
 Packungiyoyin zaɓi: libguestfs-java libguestfs-kayan aikin libguestfs-kayan aikin-c

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo ƙwarewa-dandamali
.... Groupungiya: Tsarin dandamali na Groupungiya-Id: ƙwarewa-dandamali Bayani: Yana ba da damar haɓaka don sarrafawa da sarrafa kwantena masu kyau da baƙi. Kunshin da ake buƙata: libvirt
   = libvirt-abokin ciniki
   = kusan-wane
 Packungiyoyin zaɓi: shinge-vird-libvirt shinge-vird-multicast shinge-virdit-serial libvirt-cim libvirt-java libvirt-snmp perl-Sys-Virt

Wata hanya don samun Cikakken Lissafin Kayan Kunshin Shine masu zuwa:

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum jerin da aka sanya
[tushen @ centos7 ~] # yum jerin da aka sanya> sanya.txt

Dangi ga Hypervisor

[tushen @ centos7 ~] # egrep "(vir | kvm | qemu)" installed.txt
ipxe-roms-qemu.noarch 20130517-8.gitc4bce43.el7_2.1 @Updates libvirt.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-abokin ciniki.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt- daemon.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-daemon-config-network.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 .86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-drivers-interface.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba-lxc.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba- network.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba-nodedev.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 .64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba-qemu.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba-sirrin .x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-direba- ajiya.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-kvm.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-python.x1.2.17_2 7-86.el64 @Base qemu-img. x10_1.5.3 105: 7-2.7.el86_64 @Uddates qemu-kvm.x10_1.5.3 105: 7. 2.7-86.el64_10 @Updates qemu-kvm-common.x1.5.3_105 7: 2.7-86.el64_1.13 @Updates kusan-what.x6_7 0.14-9.el7 @Base mai kyau-wanda.noarch 2.1-XNUMX. elXNUMX_XNUMX @ Abubuwan sabuntawa

Lura cewa samfuran da ke sama suna nuna daga inda aka sanya kowane kunshin kowane mutum. Af, muna duba kai tsaye cewa muna aiki tare da nau'in CentOS 7.2. Hakanan zamu iya ganin hakan, tare da matatar da aka yi amfani da shi akan jerin fakitin, misali, kunshin marubuci wanda kuma wani bangare ne na Tsarin Sadarwa.

Muna ba da shawara bincika Lissafin ofunshin Instan girgije kaɗan.

Ayyukan ƙarshe ... ko kusan

Gama saitin hypervisor cento7.desdelinux.fan da ƙirƙirar mashin ɗinku na farko, nesa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin labarin Virt-Manager da virsh: Gudanar da Nesa ta hanyar SSH.

Ga masu karatu waɗanda suka fi son Console da ake bugawa koyaushe, za mu sadaukar da su labarin na gaba «CentOS 7 Hypervisor: Gudanar da Nesa» a ciki zamu fi amfani da umarni virke y kusan-kafa gudu daga tasharmu sysadmin.fromlinu.fan.

Mataki-mataki-mataki ta hanyar hotuna

Lura:

• Hotunan suna bayanin kansu. Mai sakawa Anaconda by Tsakar Gida kayan aiki ne masu matukar karfi a cikin ajinsa
• Valuesimar da aka nuna don dalilai ne na gwaji kawai kuma bai kamata a ɗauka azaman shawarar ko hukuma a kowane lokaci ba.
• Umurnin da aka bi don biyan buƙatun mai sakawa, ba misali ba komai bane
• Wanda ba mu zabi Manufofin Tsaro ba - SIYASAR TSARO kowane ba yana nufin cewa ya kamata ka ba. Menene ƙari, muna gayyatarku don amfani da shi
• Tare da zaɓi na KDUMP yana faruwa kamar yadda ya gabata
• A cikin saitin hanyar sadarwa, ba mu taɓa zaɓuka da yawa saboda ba ma buƙatar su don yin sabar gwajinmu ta kama-da-wane. Ba lallai ba ne a faɗi, koda kuwa jarabawa ce, tana aiki daidai
• Nau'in rabe-raben da girman bangarorinsa misali ne ba komai ba
• SOFTWARE SELECTION shine samun Hypervisor tare da ƙaramar lambar fakitin da aka sanya. Muna gayyatarku don wadatar da sabarku a cikin samarwa
• Dangane da INGANTA GASKIYA, muna maimaita cewa muna amfani da wuraren ajiya na cikin gida saboda rashin haɗin cikin gida da Intanet. Muna aiki tare da ɗakunan ajiya na gida da aka sauke -by abokai da abokan aiki- daga WWW
• Idan bayan sake kunna tsarin aiki a karshen shigarwa an nemi ka karanta ka amince da Yarjejeniyar Lasisin Karshe, umarnin madannin shine "1", "2" da "c", ba tare da alamun ambaton ba. Marabanku!. 😉

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