Firmware da Direba a kan Linux: Kadan daga komai game da waɗannan ra'ayoyin 2
A yau zamuyi magana kan batun dabarun «Firmware» da «Direba», tunda sune mahimman maganganu 2 saboda kai tsaye suna tasiri ga santsi aiki komai tsarin aiki a cikin Na'urar ƙaddara.
Kuma a sa'an nan za mu zurfafa zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfafawa game da yadda za a iya gudanar da su duka, «Firmwares» da «Direbobi» game da GNU / Linux.
Tunda, a cikin wannan sakon ba za muyi cikakken bayani game da menene ba umarni umarni suna da amfani ko dacewa da san takamaiman kayan aikin Hardware da Software na kwamfutakamar yadda muka saba zamu bar hanyoyin wasu abubuwan da suka gabata don haka, idan ya cancanta, kowa zai iya samun damar shigarsu cikin sauƙi kuma ya zurfafa wannan batun:
Kayan aikin komputa sun hada da naurorin jiki wadanda ake kira da hardware a duniya, da kuma kayan aikin da ake kira software. Akwai kayan aikin da ke ba da izinin gano sassan biyu, ko dai don sanin halayen kayan aikin da kuma auna aikinsa da / ko bincikar yiwuwar gazawar. Lokacin da ake buƙatar buƙatar tallafi don warware matsaloli, kamar shigar ko sabunta firmware ko direba, yana da mahimmanci a sami damar samar (tattara) duk bayanan da zai yiwu kuma ya zama dole game da kayan aiki da kayan aikin software kayan aiki. Umarni don sanin tsarin (gano kayan aiki da wasu ƙayyadaddun software)
Firmware da Direba: Ka'idoji, Kamanceceniya da Bambanci, da ƙari.
Menene Firmware?
A cewar yanar gizo «Definicion.de», a "Firmware" An bayyana shi kamar:
"Firfware, wanda sunansa ke nufin kamfanin shirye-shirye, wani bangare ne na kayan aikin, tunda an hada shi da lantarki, amma kuma ana daukar shi a matsayin wani bangare na kayan aikin kamar yadda ake bunkasa shi a karkashin yaren shirye-shiryen. Za a iya jayayya cewa, firmware tana aiki azaman haɗin kai tsakanin umarnin da ke zuwa na'urar daga waje da sassanta na lantarki." (Fadada bayani)
Duk da yake, yanar gizo «Sistemas.com» yayi bayanin masu zuwa:
"Firmware din ya kunshi umarni da yawa wadanda suke mu'amala da kwamfutar, ana samun wadannan a cikin Karanta Memory kawai (galibi ana amfani da Memory na ROM) wanda zai ba da damar sarrafawa da bincikar aikin a matakin Wutar Lantarki na na'urar ko hulɗarta da kungiyar." (Fadada bayani)
Menene Direba?
A cewar yanar gizo «conceptodefinicion.de», a "Direba" An bayyana shi kamar:
"Ofaya daga cikin kayan aikin software, wanda ke aiki tare tare da tsarin aiki da mai kula da gefe, don samar da aikin aiki. Direba (mai kulawa / manajan) na'ura nau'ikan aikace-aikace ne wanda aka tsara shi musamman don mai amfani ya iya sarrafa duk shirye-shiryen da aka sanya akan kwamfutarsa, ban da wannan, shi ke kula da sanya kayan aiki suyi aiki daidai, don haka ne yayi la'akari da ɗayan mahimman abubuwa a cikin waɗanda aka keɓe don daidaita aikin kayan aiki." (Fadada bayani)
Duk da yake, yanar gizo «Sistemas.com» yayi bayanin masu zuwa:
"Mai Sarrafawa (ko, kwatankwacinsa a Turanci, Direba) kayan aikin software ne wanda ke bawa Operating System damar yin cikakken amfani da abin da ke cikin Kayan aikin na kayan, kasancewar ba kawai abin da ke gefe bane (wato, Keyboard , Printer ko Mouse, ba tare da rarrabewa idan wani bangare ne na shigar da kayan aiki ko kuma wani bangare ne na kayan aiki) amma kuma ga dukkan Na'urorin tsarin da aka gyara, kamar su Video Card, Sound Card ko makamancin haka." (Fadada bayani)
Kamanceceniya da bambance-bambance
Daga abin da ke sama za mu iya fitar da kamanni da bambance-bambance masu zuwa
- Dukansu kayan aikin software ne ko kayan amfani waɗanda ake amfani dasu don aiki da na'ura (kayan ciki ko na waje).
- A koyaushe za mu sami firmware an riga an ɗora shi a kan kowace na'ura da kan abin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyarta, yayin da aka sanya direba kuma koyaushe yana aiki a kan Hard Drive da Tsarin Aiki wanda zai yi aiki da na'urar.
- Firmware yana wakiltar matakin mafi ƙarancin software wanda zai iya amfani dashi tare da kayan aiki, yayin da Direba yake wakiltar matakan aiki mafi girma.
- Dukansu suna da matukar mahimmanci kuma sun zama dole, tunda ingantaccen kuma ingantaccen Direba ya tabbatar da daidaitaccen aikin na'ura a kan kwamfuta ko kayan aikin sarrafawa, yayin da firmware ke tabbatar da tsari na asali da farko, farkon farawarsa da sanya shi akan layi. na kowane na'ura.
- Firmware galibi yana da rikitarwa sosai don sabuntawa, yayin da Direba galibi mai sauƙi ne don shigarwa da sabuntawa, da hannu da kuma ta atomatik.
Gudanar da Firmwares da Direbobi akan GNU / Linux
Da zarar bayanin daga yi, samfurin, masana'anta da bayanan fasaha akan na'ura, ta hanyar takaddama, aikace-aikace ko umarnin tashar jirgin ruwa. Zai ɓace ne kawai a cikin yanayin "Direbobi", da sanin wane kunshin ya ƙunshi madaidaicin direba. Yana da kyau a lura da cewa da yawa fakiti na "Direbobi" suna dauke da kalmar da suna "Firmware".
Hakanan, misali, a cikin GNU / Linux Distros bisa Debian / Ubuntu, zaku iya sanin waɗanne kunshin kunshe da wasu direbobi masu amfani da umurnin "Apt" ko "dace", kamar yadda aka gani a ƙasa:
sudo apt list *firmware*
sudo apt list *driver*
sudo apt search marcaproducto*
sudo aptitude search nombrefabricante* | grep nombrefabricanteDuk da yake, don gudanar da "Firmwares" mafi kyawun zaɓi shine amfani da aikace-aikacen da ake kira "Sabunta Firmware" ko kawai "LVFS". Wannan aikace-aikacen kuma an san shi da cikakken sunansa, "Sabis ɗin Firmware na Mai sayarwa na Linux", Yana da asali:
"Wani kayan aikin CLI da GUI wanda ke aiki ta hanyar sabis (daemon) wanda ke haɗuwa da gidan yanar gizon "Linux Vendor Firmware Service" kuma yana da ikon ganowa, zazzagewa da sabunta sabunta firmware da ake buƙata don na'urori da aka sani."
Don shari'armu ta aiki, na girka ta a nawa tsarin aiki amfani, kira MilagrOS (Respin dangane da MX Linux) bin ayyukan da ke biyowa da umarnin umarni:
- Shigar da Taskar Laburaren Tauraron Laburare PPA: Adara URL mai zuwa zuwa fayil ɗin «sources.list»
«deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/starlabs/ppa/ubuntu bionic main»
- Kuma sannan aiwatar da umarnin mai zuwa:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 17A20BAF70BEC3904545ACFF8F21C26C794386E3
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 499E6345B743746B
sudo apt update
sudo apt install fwupd fwupd-gui- Gudanar da aikace-aikacen ta hanyar Menu na Aikace-aikace a karkashin sunan «Sabunta Firmware»
Don ƙarin bayani game da amfaninta ta hanyar zane-zane na hoto ko umarnin tashar zaka iya ziyartar ta shafin yanar gizo, da shafukan su GitHub y LaunchPad.
ƙarshe
Muna fatan wannan "amfani kadan post" a kan ra'ayoyi na «Firmware y Drivers», wanda yawanci mahimman maki biyu ne a cikin IT, tunda suna tasiri kai tsaye santsi aiki komai tsarin aiki a kan Na'urar ƙaddara; yana da matukar amfani da amfani, ga duka «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kuma yana da babbar gudummawa wajan yada kyawawan al'adu, manyan halittu da girma na aikace-aikacen «GNU/Linux».
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