GIS (Tsarin Bayanan Yanki) akan Linux: shirye-shiryen da ake dasu

da GIS (Tsarin Bayanai na Yankin Kasa, Tsarin Bayanai na Yankin Kasa) bada izinin aiki tare da bayanan da aka ambata na ƙasa, kula da layin vector, raster (bitmap) da bayanai daga rumbunan adana bayanai. Akwai nau'ikan fayil da yawa na GIS, wasu raster (kamar GeoTIFF, DRG ko SID) da sauran vector (kamar ESRI-Shapefile, GML, DXF, MapInfo File ko TIGER). Don haka suma suna nan shirye-shirye daban-daban na GIS; bari mu ga wasu daga cikin mafi mahimmanci akwai don Linux.

Don shigar da su, dole ne kawai ku nemo su a cikin manajan kunshin distro ɗin ku ko zazzage mai sakawa daidai daga gidan yanar gizon aikin samfurin.

gvSIG

gvSIG aiki ne na ci gaban software kyauta don Tsarin Bayanai na Geographic, wanda yafi hada da gvSIG Desktop da aikace-aikacen Mobile gvSIG. gvSIG Desktop shine aikace-aikacen farko wanda aka haɓaka cikin aikin gvSIG, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiransa gvSIG.

gvSIG Desktop shiri ne na kwamfuta don gudanar da bayanan ƙasa tare da daidaitattun zane wanda aka rarraba ƙarƙashin lasisin GNU GPL v2. Yana ba da damar isa ga bayanan vector da bayanan raster harma da sabobin taswira waɗanda ke bin bayanan OGC. Wannan ɗayan manyan halayen gvSIG ne idan aka kwatanta da sauran Tsarin Bayanai na Yankin ƙasa, mahimmancin aiwatar da ayyukan OGC: WMS (Sabis ɗin Taswirar Yanar Gizo), WFS (Sabis ɗin Siffofin Yanar Gizo), WCS (Sabis ɗin ɗaukar hoto na Yanar gizo), Sabis ɗin Catalog da Sabis na Gazetteer.

An haɓaka shi a cikin yaren shirye-shiryen Java, yana aiki tare da Microsoft Windows, Linux da Mac OS X tsarin aiki, kuma yana amfani da ɗakunan karatu na GIS waɗanda aka sani, kamar Geotools ko Java Topology Suite (JTS). Hakanan, gvSIG yana da yaren rubutun dangane da Jython kuma ana iya ƙirƙirar kari a Java ta amfani da azuzuwan gvSIG.

Daga cikin fayilolin fayil masu zane-zane, yana da, tare da wasu, samun damar samfurin vector GML, SHP, DXF, DWG, DGN, KML da hotunan hoto kamar MrSID, GeoTIFF, ENVI ko ECW.

jimla GIS

Quantum GIS (ko QGIS) shine tushen buɗaɗɗen Tsarin Bayanai na Yanayi (GIS) don GNU / Linux, Unix, Mac OS da dandamali na Microsoft Windows. Ya kasance ɗayan ayyukan farko na Gidauniyar OSGeo guda takwas kuma a cikin shekarar 2008 a hukumance ya kammala karatunsa daga lokacin shiryawar. Yana ba da damar sarrafa raster da tsarin vector, da kuma bayanan bayanai. Wasu daga halayensa sune:

  • Tallafi don ƙarin sararin PostgreSQL, PostGIS.
  • Karɓar fayilolin vector Shapefile, kayan arcInfo, Mapinfo, GRASS GIS, da dai sauransu.
  • Taimako don adadi mai yawa na nau'in fayil ɗin raster (GRASS GIS, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPG, da sauransu)

Ofayan mafi girman fa'idodi shine yiwuwar amfani da Quantum GIS azaman GUI na SIG GRASS, ta amfani da dukkanin ƙarfin binciken ƙarshen a cikin yanayin ƙawancen abokan aiki. QGIS an haɓaka shi a cikin C ++, ta amfani da ɗakin karatu na Qt don Siffar Mai amfani da mai zane.

SAGA GIS

SAGA (ma'anar kalmomin Ingilishi don Tsarin Nazarin Tsarin Gine-Gizi na atomatik ko Tsarin Tsarin Nazarin Gwani na atomatik a cikin Sifeniyanci) software ce ta haɗin keɓaɓɓiyar ƙasa (duba Tsarin Bayanai na Yankin ƙasa).

Manufa ta farko ta SAGA ita ce samar da ingantacciyar hanya mai sauƙi don aiwatar da hanyoyin geoscientific ta hanyar tsarin shirye-shiryenta (API). Na biyu shine sanya wadannan hanyoyin cikin sauki. Ana samun wannan ta farko ta hanyar amfani da mai amfani (GUI). Tare, API DA GUI sune ainihin ƙarfin SAGA - tsarin haɓaka cikin sauri na hanyoyin ilimin ƙasa.

GMT

Kamar yadda bayani ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon GMT http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/, GMT, gajerun kalmomi a cikin Ingilishi don Kayan Kayan Taswira na Generic, ma'ana, Kayan aiki don Tsarin Taswirar, kyauta ne na shirye-shiryen software kyauta a bude, wanda ya kunshi kusan fayilolin umarni 60 guda 1, don fadada bayanan kasa da kuma, gaba daya, bayanai cikin girma biyu da uku, gami da algorithms na tacewa, tsinkaye, hada-hadar raga, da sauransu. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar zane-zane a cikin fayilolin Postcript jere daga zane mai girma zuwa launuka masu launuka uku masu launi. GMT na iya samar da kusan nau'ikan 30 na tsinkayar ƙasa kuma ya ƙunshi bayanai a cikin fayilolin sa kan koguna, yankuna da kan iyakokin ƙasa.

Muna buƙatar kawai kaɗan daga cikinsu. GMT na iya karanta iyakoki, kan iyakoki, koguna da tafkuna a matsayin vectors (ma'ana, kamar ƙirar lissafi) kuma ya dace kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, ta hanyar jujjuyawar, tare da sanannun bayanan bayanan ƙasa.

GMT bashi da asalin mai amfani da hoto. Don ƙirƙirar taswira, dole ne ku yi amfani da mai fassarar umarni (layin umarni) na tsarin aiki wanda ake amfani da shirin. Wannan shine inda aka shigar da umarni tare da matakan da suka dace don samar da hoto a cikin PostScript, fayil tare da tsawo ps. Fayil ɗin Postcript haka aka ƙirƙira shi ana iya canza shi zuwa wasu tsare-tsaren kuma daga baya a shirya shi tare da shirin gyara hoto. Dole ne taswirar da aka kirkira su sami lasisi a ƙarƙashin lasisin Rikodin Kyauta na GNU.

Grass

GRASS (Ingilishi wanda ake kira da Ingilishi don Nazarin Albarkatun Kayan Gida) shine GIS (Tsarin Bayanai na Yanayi) a ƙarƙashin lasisin GPL (software kyauta). Zai iya tallafawa bayanan raster da na vector kuma yana da kayan aikin sarrafa hoto na dijital.

A farkon farawa, a cikin 1982, wasungiyar Injiniyan Injiniyan Sojan Amurka ta Injiniyan Injiniyan Injiniya (USA-CERL) ta haɓaka software ɗin a matsayin kayan aiki don kulawa da kula da muhalli na yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Ma'aikatar Tsaro ba ta sami GIS a kasuwar da ke biyan waɗannan buƙatun ba. A 1991 an gabatar dashi ga jama'a ta hanyar Intanet. Shahararta tana ƙaruwa a jami'o'i, kamfanoni da hukumomin gwamnati. A cikin 1997, lokacin da USA-CERL GRASS ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta daina tallafawa shirin, Jami'ar Baylor ta karɓi ci gabanta. Tun daga wannan kwanan wata, karɓuwarsa a cikin duniyar ilimi yana ƙaruwa. A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 1999 tare da sigar 5.0 an fitar da lambar shirin a ƙarƙashin lasisin GNU GPL. GRASS na ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan takwas na farko na Gidauniyar OSGeo. A cikin 2008 ya kammala karatun sa bisa hukuma daga lokacin shiryawa.

A kan Linux, zane-zanen hoto don GRASS shine Quantum GIS, wanda kuma aka sani da QGIS.

gpx2s ku

Sabobin tuba daga tsarin GPX (wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin GPS) zuwa tsarin ESRI-Shapefile (ana amfani da shi a cikin GIS).

Laburare na Geospatial

Arin bayani game da GIS a: OSGeo. Hakanan kuna iya sha'awar OpenStreetMap.

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  1. Wanda ke da alhakin bayanan: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Manufar bayanan: Sarrafa SPAM, sarrafa sharhi.
  3. Halacci: Yarda da yarda
  4. Sadarwar bayanan: Ba za a sanar da wasu bayanan ga wasu kamfanoni ba sai ta hanyar wajibcin doka.
  5. Ajiye bayanai: Bayanin yanar gizo wanda Occentus Networks (EU) suka dauki nauyi
  6. Hakkoki: A kowane lokaci zaka iyakance, dawo da share bayanan ka.

  1.   Moscow m

    Amma wane kyakkyawan labari ne kanwata da surukina sune masu nazarin yanayin ƙasa kuma duk lokacin da na kawo musu Kalmar da Gaskiya ta Linux sai su fito tare da shahararren GIS kuma cewa babu jituwa a cikin Linux, kuma wannan da wancan, wanda ba shi da kyau ko mara kyau idan ba akasin haka ba, duk da haka yanzu ina da jayayya da jarabawa don kawar dasu daga hanyar jin daɗin windows ...

    Na kasance ina kallon wasu wasan kwaikwayo na dare kuma kalmomin na sun makale.

    In ba haka ba labari mai dadi, ana ci gaba da samar da mafita ga bangarori daban-daban masu albarka.

  2.   m m

    Shin wani abu ne kamar Google Earth ??

  3.   henrykotynksi m

    Barka dai. Na yi amfani da Gvsig da Quantum. gaskiyar ita ce cewa suna da matukar ban sha'awa da kuma kayan aiki masu karfi. =)
    Kadan ne don yin hassada ga masu zaman kansu ...

  4.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Ba haka bane. Su ne kayan aikin da suka fi ƙarfin gaske, don aiwatar da bayanan sirri, nazarin ƙasa, nazarin ruwa, da sauransu.

    A ranar 9 ga Agusta, 2011 13:10 PM, Disqus
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  5.   henrykotynksi m

    kamar yadda mutanen da ke shafin suka ce, kayan aiki ne na gudanarwa da kuma shirya taswira, zaku iya samar da hanyoyi, maki har ma da hotuna 3d idan kuna da cikakkiyar dace, zaku iya lodawa da sauke taswira, alamomi, maki da sauransu daga wasu sabobin
    Kuna iya haɗa shi zuwa Postrgres kuma ku sami sabunta bayanan kan layi .. =)

    Ka tuna cewa Duniya hoto ce mai daukar hoto kuma ta mallake ta a wasu yanayi dole ne ka sami lasisin amfani da ita, amma idan kana so akwai wani aikin da ake kira OpenStreetMap (www.openstreetmap.org) wanda ke aiki tare da falsafar wiki.

    Zan iya cewa yana kama da Duniya a ma'anar cewa tana da irin waɗannan ayyuka (alamun maki, hotuna, yadudduka, da sauransu) amma babban banbancin shine cewa zaku iya gina sabarku tare da taswirarku, ku daidaita shi zuwa bukatunku ko zuwa kamfani.

  6.   Saita tafiya m

    Madalla da shigowar aboki!

  7.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Daidai. Madadin madadin zuwa Taswirar Google shine OpenStreetMap. Kyakkyawan madadin kyauta ga Google Earth shine Marmara (kodayake yana da shekaru masu yawa gabanin gasar sa).
    Murna! Bulus.

    A ranar 9 ga Agusta, 2011 13:59 PM, Disqus
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  8.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Wannan Moscov ne! Abin farin ciki, akwai ƙari da ƙari kyauta.
    Na aiko muku da runguma! Bulus.

    A ranar 10 ga Agusta, 2011 05:59 PM, Disqus
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  9.   MLTON m

    SHIRI MAI KYAU