Virt-Manager da virsh: Gudanar da Nesa ta hanyar hanyar Sadarwar SSH - SMB

Janar jeri na jerin: Hanyoyin sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs: Gabatarwa

Barka dai abokai!

Muna fatan kun bi labaranmu da aka buga har yanzu, waɗanda sune:

• Hanyoyin sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs: Gabatarwa
• Girkawar Aiki - Hanyar Sadarwar Komputa don SMEs
• 6 Debian Desktops - Sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs
• Tuwarewa a cikin Debian: Gabatarwa - Hanyar Sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMBs
• Qemu-Kvm + Virt-Manajan kan Debian - Hanyar Sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs
• kusan-umarni akan Debian - Hanyar Sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMBs
• CentOS a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar kwamfuta don SMEs
• Umurnin Virsh - Hanyoyin Sadarwar Komputa don SMEs

Daidai a cikin gidan Qemu-Kvm + Virt-Manajan kan Debian - Hanyar Sadarwar Kwamfuta don SMEs, muna tantance hakan, kasancewar muna da aiki guda ɗaya tare da Virt-Manager wanda aka girka, zamu iya sarrafa yawancin hypervisors kamar yadda ya kamata. A takaice dai, a cikin sabobin da aka sadaukar don ƙwarewa, ba wajibi bane a girka Desktop ko wani yanayin zane.

Dole ne a yi sabobin nesa kamar yadda aka nuna a ciki Girkawar Aiki - Hanyar Sadarwar Komputa don SMEs, ko kuma jagora ta hanyar labarai na gaba wanda zamu tattauna wasu abubuwan rarraba kamar CentOS kuma watakila BUDAWA, kuma daga baya kawai zai zama dole don girka tallafin ƙawancen aiki a kowane ɗayansu. Ta hanyar da ta dace, a kan wadannan sabobin, bayan tsaftataccen girke na Tsarin Gudanar da Base da sabunta abubuwan fakitin da aka sanya bisa ga wadatattun wuraren adana bayanan, zai zama tilas ne a girka fakitin ku-kvm, kwandon shayarwa y gada-kayan aiki, ko wasu kunshin takamaimai ga kowane rarrabawa, wanda ba ya nufin cewa idan muna buƙatar wasu shirye-shiryen, ba mu girka shi.

Nesa hypervisor «jessie»

Halayen wannan sabar sune kamar haka:

Sunan Yanki: desdelinux.fan
Sunan ƙungiyar: jessie
FQDN: Jessie.desdelinux.fan
Adireshin IP: 10.10.10.5
SubNet: 10.10.10.0/24
RAM: 2G
Hard drive 1: 20GB
Hard drive 2: 80GB
Disk 2 dutse aya: / gida / vms
Mai amfani na al'ada: Buzz
Cikakken sunan mai amfani: Debian Na farko OS Buzz

Mun shirya hypervisor «Jessie»

Tunda bamuda wani DNS a kan hanyar sadarwa, dole ne mu ci gaba da amfani da IPS. Ta hanyar ssh ko kai tsaye a cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa, muna aiwatar da waɗannan umarnin:

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ ssh 10.10.10.5
buzz@10.10.10.5 ta kalmar sirri:

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo nano / etc / ssh / sshd_config
# Gaskatawa: LoginGraceTime 120 # PermitRootLogin ba tare da kalmar wucewa ba
PermitRootLogin eh             
StrictModes haka ne

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo sabis ssh sake farawa
buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo sabis ssh status
Ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server An loda: ɗora Kwatancen (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; kunna) Mai aiki: yana aiki (yana gudana) tun Rana 2016-12-11 12:15:24 EST; 3s da Babban PID: 14960 (sshd)

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo ƙwarewa shigar da ƙemu-kvm libvirt-bin
[sudo] kalmar sirri don buzz:

Bayan kammala ayyukan da ke sama, za mu buɗe Manajan Virt-Manajan a cikin tashar gudanarwar mu, kuma zamu ci gaba da gudanar da hypervisor mai nisa «jessie».

Don sanya wannan labarin ya zama mai ma'ana, mun tattara dukkan hotunan don saukarwa, kuma mun ba mahaɗin da ke ƙasa, don haka yayin karanta bayanin "Mataki-mataki", zaku iya kallon hotunan gida a cikin Mai Kallon ku. f preferredf .ta. Mun yi imanin cewa wannan ya fi sauƙi. Muna yi ne yayin da muke rubuta labarin.

Zazzage hotunan «Mataki-mataki» (961.1 kB).

Muna sarrafa Jessie ta hanyar Virt-Manager da Virsh, ta hanyar SSH

Abu na farko da dole ne muyi a cikin mu Ma'aikata, shine shigar da wani zane mai zane don sarrafa kalmomin shiga na masu amfani me yake nema daga gare mu libvirt m. Yana da mahimmanci cewa, don haɗawa da nesa, aljan kamfani yana gudana daidai, kuma cewa zaɓaɓɓen mai amfani na libungiyar libvirt akan na'ura mai nisa, ko wancan shine mai amfani da kansa tushen.

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo gwanintar bincike askpass
p ksshaskpass - masu amfani da hanzari suna amfani da kalmar wucewa don ssh-add p razorqt-openssh-askpass - Bangaren OpenSSH mataimaki ga yanayin Razor-qt desktop desktop p ssh-askpass - a karkashin X, yana tambayar mai amfani da kalmar wucewa don ssh-add p ssh-askpass -fullscreen - A karkashin Gnome2, yana tambayar mai amfani da kalmar wucewa don ssh-add p ssh-askpass-gnome - shirin hulɗa na X don tunatar da masu amfani da kalmar wucewa don ssh-add

Mun zabi ssh-askpass-gnome, saboda mun shigar da MATE-Desktop.

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo gwaninta shigar ssh-askpass-gnome

Don kauce wa matsaloli, da kuma bin shawarar Virt-Manager kanta, wanda ta tsohuwa yana nuna mai amfani tushen don haɗawa, shine dalilin da ya sa muke ba da damar yin amfani da tushen, ta hanyar ssh, lokacin da muka shirya Jessie hypervisor. Lura cewa ba mu zama memba na ƙungiyar ba libvirt zuwa mai amfani na al'ada Buzz.

Ainihi, don sarrafa babban mai kulawa da injunan kama-da-wane, muna ci gaba sosai kamar lokacin da muke sarrafa hypervisor na gida.

Mataki-mataki tare da hotunan da aka zazzage

• 01 image: Abu na farko da muke yi shine ƙirƙirar Sabon Haɗi a cikin Virt-Manager. Don wannan muna kewaya Menu -> + connectionara haɗi ... sannan kuma taga magana zata bude.
• 02 image: Tattaunawar taga inda muke bayyana manyan darajojin sabon haɗin da muke niyyar kafawa:
  • Hypervisor: QEMU / KVM
  • Haɗa zuwa kwamfuta mai nisa ta Hanyar: SSH
  • Sunan mai amfani: tushen
  • Sunan ƙungiyar: 10.10.10.5 (har yanzu ba mu da shi DNS)
  • Haɗuwa ta atomatik: yana nuna cewa lokacin da muka fara Virt-Manager na gida, zaiyi ƙoƙarin haɗuwa da mai kula da nesa ta atomatik. Muna ba da shawara kar ayi masa alama
  • URI"Kadai Mai Ganewa na Kadawa"generated: qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system

• 03 image: Bayan danna maballin Haɗa a cikin mataki na baya, shirin ssh-taskpass ya tambaye mu, idan ba mu yi haɗi ba tukuna ssh nesa kafin, idan muna so mu ci gaba, wanda za mu amsa cewa «A»An buga rubutu a sarari, koda taga magana bata nuna mana abinda muka rubuta ba. Bayan mun amsa da tabbaci, sai mu danna maballin OK

• 04 image: Taga maganganu inda dole ne mu rubuta kalmar sirrin mai amfani tushen na nesa hypervisor. Bayan shigar, danna kan OK.
• 05 image: Manajan Virt-na gida ya riga ya nuna haɗin biyu: na nesa 10.10.10.5 (QEMU), da na gida localhost (QEMU). Yanzu, da kiyaye zaɓin haɗin nesa, muna kewaya ta cikin Menu -> Shirya -> Bayanin haɗi, kuma duk cikakkun bayanan haɗin da aka zaɓa za a nuna, duka masu bayani da masu daidaitawa.
• 06 image: Gashin ido "Bita»Tare da bayanan haɗin. A ciki mun karanta cewa haɗin yana qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system. Sunan kungiyar shine Jessie.desdelinux.fan. Da sauran bayanai game da adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, gine-gine, amfani da CPU da kuma amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar hypervisor mai nisa.
• 07 image: Gashin ido "Hanyoyin sadarwar Virtual«. A ciki mun ga cewa cibiyar sadarwar «tsoho"bai kamata ba Farawa ta atomatik lokacin fara kayan aiki, cibiyar sadarwa ce 192.168.122.0/24, wanda aka kunna kuma tare da ƙayyadadden kewayon DHCP, da kuma cewa Mikawa yana cikin NAT «Fassarar Adireshin Yanar Gizo".

Bari mu dauki kwatanci anan mu tambayi kanmu Ta yaya za mu canza canjin hanyar sadarwa ta asali zuwa sigogin da ake buƙata don kamfanin LAN?.

Mun canza hanyar sadarwa ta "tsoho" ta babban mai kulawa da nesa ta amfani da virsh

Mun fara wasan bidiyo virke

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo virsh
[sudo] kalmar wucewa don buzz: Maraba da zuwa virsh, tashar ma'amala ta inganta amfani Rubuta: 'taimako' don taimako tare da umarni 'daina' su daina

Muna haɗi tare da ƙungiyar hypervisor mai nisa jessie

virsh # haɗa qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system
kalmar sirri root@10.10.10.5:

Kuma mun riga mun shiga cikin hypervisor mai nisa

virsh # net-jerin - duka
 Sunan Jihar Autostart Mai Dorewa ---------------------------------------------- ------------ tsoho baya aiki a'a

virsh # net-info tsoho
Suna: tsoffin UUID: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c Mai Aiki: babu M: a
Autostart: babu
Gada: virbr0

Mun sami daidaito mai zuwa na ja tsoho. Bari mu lura cewa abin da aka ayyana shine Hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, kuma ba cibiyar sadarwa kanta ba. Duk wani inji da muke son haɗawa da ke dubawa budurwa0, dole ne ku raba wannan hanyar sadarwar.

virsh # net-gyara tsoho
tsoho 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c 

Muna gyara tsarin cibiyar sadarwa tsoho na nesa hypervisor bisa ga Subnet na kamfaninmu na LAN, wanda shine 192.168.10.0/24

virsh # net-gyara tsoho
tsoho 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690cbudurwa0'stp =' akan 'jinkiri =' 0 '/>192.168.10.1'netmask =' 255.255.255.0 '>

Muna yiwa cibiyar sadarwa alama tsoho na nesa hypervisor saboda haka son kai

virsh # net-autostart tsoho
Tsoffin hanyar sadarwa alama ce kamar yadda aka sake farawa

virsh # net-info tsoho
Suna: tsoho UUID: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c
Mai aiki: a'a
M: a
Autostart: eh
Gada: virbr0

Kuma a ƙarshe mun fara hanyar sadarwa tsoho daga nesa hypervisor

virsh # net-fara tsoho
An fara tsoffin hanyar sadarwa

virsh # jerin-net
 Sunan Jihar Autostart Mai Dorewa ---------------------------------------------- ------------ tsoho mai aiki eh ee

virsh # net-info tsoho
Suna: tsoho UUID: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c
Mai aiki: Ee
M: a
Autostart: eh
Gada: virbr0

Bayan waɗannan gyare-gyare, dole ne mu «Cire haɗin"kuma koma zuwa"Haɗa»Haɗi tare da komputa mai nisa a cikin Virt-Manager don duba canje-canje.

Ci gaba Mataki-mataki tare da sauke hotuna

• Hoton 07a: Gashin ido "Hanyoyin sadarwar Virtual"tare da yanar gizo tsoho an riga an gyara kuma yana gudana
• 08 image: Gashin ido "Ajiyayyen Kai»Daga nesa hypervisor. Da farko muna da ajiya kawai tsoho, kuma wannan yana da zaɓi na Farawa ta atomatik. Idan ba za mu adana hotunan na’ura ba a cikin kundin adireshi / var / lib / libvirt / hotuna saboda kowane irin dalili, ana ba da shawarar cire alamar zaɓi Farawa ta atomatik. A cikin wannan taga na magana, mun danna maɓallin «+»Don aara sabuwar Ma'ajiya.
• 09 image: Shine farkon mayen don ƙara sabon ajiya. Ya sunan na sabon ajiya ne jessie-vms-hotuna kuma yana da Littafin Tsarin fayil.
• 10 image: Kamar yadda muke da 80GB faifai da aka ɗora a ciki / gida / vms don adana hotunan, mun bayyana cewa Hanya makoma zai zama daidai kenan.
• 11 image: Da zarar an gama mayen, za mu koma zuwa «Ajiyayyen Kai»Kuma mun gano cewa sabon wurin ajiyar ya riga ya wanzu, cewa ya kwafe hoton CD don ƙirƙirar sabbin injina na zamani, cewa Aiki, kuma kuna da zaɓi Farawa ta atomatik zaba Mun ƙirƙiri sabon juzu'i don sabon na'urar kirkira, ta danna maɓallin «Sabon juzu'i".
• 12 image: A sunan na sabon girma shine samba-ad-dc, tsarin sa quwa 2 da kuma Matsakaicin ƙarfi haɓaka ƙarfi shine 15GB. A lokacin wucewa zamu bincika wannan a cikin ajiyar «jessie-vms-hotuna«, Samun damar kafin ƙirƙirar sabon ƙarar, shine 77.95 GB. Don gama tare da ƙirƙirar sabon juz'i, mun danna maɓallin «Gama«
• 13 image: Kuma za mu sake komawa zuwa «Ajiyayyen Kai»Kuma mun duba cewa hoton an halicce shi daidai. Idan ba haka ba, za mu gyara wani abu a cikin «Bayanin haɗin«, Kamar yadda yanayinmu yake, muna rufe taga ta danna maɓallin«X»A hagu na sama, kuma ba ta hanyar zaɓin menu ba« Fayil », saboda haka Virt-Manager zai rufe kuma zamu sake buɗewa. 😉
• 14 image: Mun bincika cewa an zaɓi haɗin cikin Virt-Manager 10.10.10.5 (QEMU), Domin a nan ne za mu kirkiro wani sabon inji mai amfani ta hanyar amfani da mataimakin sa. Muna danna maɓallin «Createirƙiri sabuwar na'ura ta kama-da-wane«, Ko kuma mun tashi Menu -> Fayil -> Sabon injin kama-da-wane. Mayen yana nunawa kuma a cikin taga na farko yana nuna cewa Haɗin shine 10.10.10.5 (QEMU / KVM), kuma mun zaɓi cewa zamu ƙirƙiri inji daga hoton ISO ko CDROM.
• 15 image: Mun saka hanyar hoton ISO. Idan mun danna maballin Don bincika… taga yana budewa Gano wurin watsa labaran ISO, mun zabi ajiya jessie-vms-hotuna kuma a ciki, zuwa hoton debian-8.0.0-amd64-CD-1.iso. Bayan an zaɓa, ana nuna cikakkiyar hanyar zuwa hoton /home/vms/debian-8.0.0-amd64-CD-1.iso. Daga baya muna nuna hakan Nau'in OS da kuma Shafi. A ƙarshe mun danna maɓallin Adelante.
• 16 image: A cikin wannan akwatin tattaunawar mun nuna adadin RAM) da adadin CPU cewa za mu ba da na'ura ta kama-da-wane, adadin da a zahiri ba zai iya fin na Mai watsa shiri ko Hypervisor kayan aikin ba.
• 17 image: Baya ga zabi Enable ajiya don wannan na'urar ta kama-da-wane, mun zaɓi hoton faifan da za mu sanya wa na'urar, kamar yadda muka zaɓi hoton ISO. A ƙarshe mun zaɓi ƙara /home/vms/samba-ad-dc.qcow2.
• 18 image: Mun kai karshen mayen. Muna nuna cewa sunan del Bako zai kasance samba-ad-dc; me muke so Siffanta saituna kafin girkawa, wanda zamu yi amfani dashi don haɗawa da LAN Virtual network 'tsoho': NATda kuma Ayyade adreshin tsaye na MAC don hanyar sadarwar hanyar sadarwa, wanda aka samar da shi bazuwar. Ya zuwa yanzu ba a ƙirƙira injin ɗin ba. Lokacin da muke danna maɓallin Gama, shine lokacinda za'a halicce shi.
• 19 image: Taga wanda yake nuna mana dalilin da yasa muka zabi Siffanta kafin girkawa. Ta hanyar tsoho, Virt-Manager ya zaɓi Saka idanu Tsoffin SPICE. Idan muna da sadarwa ko matsalolin nuni, zamu iya gwadawa da VNC uwar garken don wannan Monitor. Idan muka canza kowane ma'auni, dole ne mu danna maballin aplicar na kowane kayan aikin kayan aiki mai mahimmanci. Idan ba haka ba, Virt-Manager ya koka. 😉
• 20 image: Kamar yadda yake a zaɓen baya, lokacin da muke fuskantar matsaloli, mun gwada Tsoffin Bidiyo Samfurin VMVGA. Don fara shigarwa na sabuwar halitta Bako nesa, mun danna maɓallin «Fara shigarwa».
• 21 image: Bayan shigarwa ya fara, kuma duk lokacin da muke son haɗawa da wani inji mai nisa ko Bako, Virt-Manager zai sake tambayar mu don tabbatarwar mai amfani wanda ya haɗu da nesa.
• 22 image: A ƙarshe zamu fara ne da girka Tsarin Tsarin aiki wanda aka zaɓa don Babban Baƙo, kamar yadda muke yi don inji ko sabar jiki.
• 23 image: Virt-manager tare da nasa Guests gudu, na gida da na nesa.
• 24 image: Injin na kamala samba-ad-dc a aikace.

Ya zuwa yanzu, Mataki-mataki ta hanyar hotunan da aka yi sharhi, wanda har yanzu ina ganin shine mafi kyawun hanyar wannan nau'in labarin. Da kaina abin haushi ne a gareni in wuce hotuna da karanta saƙonni tsakanin su. Tabbas, idan kuna karanta sakon daga wayar salula, kuna iya fifita tsohuwar hanyar. Ban sani ba, ya fi kyau in saurari ra'ayinsu game da tsarin da na bi.

Dayawa zasuyi mamakin shin zai yuwu ayi aiwatar da duk matakan da suka gabata ta hanyar na'ura mai kwakwalwa na yau da kullun, na'urar yin umarni virkeda kuma kusan-kallo. Amsar ita ce eh. Abinda ya faru shine cewa zai iya zama tsayi mai tsawo kuma mai matukar fasaha, kuma ba ma so mu mamaye masu karatu da ƙarancin ƙwarewa a cikin tuwarewar.

Idan kowane mai karatu yana da sha'awar yadda ake yi da virsh, don Allah a tuntube mu ta hanyar email.

Isarwa na gaba

Ba mu da tabbacin ci gaba da shi Wurin aiki tare da OpenSuSE o Cibiyar Ayyuka na CentOS. Wanne ka zaba?

Har zuwa kasada ta gaba, abokai!