Shekarun 5 na ƙarshe na wasu manyan ɓarna

Kodayake taken yana da kyau sosai, amma abokinmu Juan Carlos Ortiz yayi la'akari da abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar waɗannan a cikin waɗannan shekaru 5 da suka gabata sun sami jagorancin matsayi a cikin duniyar GNU / Linux, ba wai kawai saboda shahararsu ba, amma kuma saboda suna (ko kasance) masu nauyi ne da kaɗan da kaɗan ke canza duniyar penguin.

Umurnin hargitsi ba zato ba tsammani, ba ana nufin ya kasance matsayin matsayi ba, ƙasa da ƙasa don sanya tsarin ɗaya sama da wani.

Wasu mahimman distros ɗin da ba'a sanya su ba saboda rashin lokaci an bar su daga wannan bita: Arch Linux, Debian, Slackware, Sabayon, PCLinuxOS, Gentoo, da sauransu. Wataƙila daga baya za mu haɗa su a sashi na biyu na wannan labarin.

Ubuntu

2007: Ubuntu 7.04 Feisty Fawn da aka saki, na farko tare da tallafawa harshen Asiya na asali, da 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon. Ubuntu Ya Lashe Kyautar InfoWorld Bossie don Kyakkyawan Mafarin Source Abokin Cinikin OS; shahararsa ya ƙaru a cikin duniyar GNU / Linux kuma ya fara ficewa a matsayin mafi saurin ci gaban duniya.

2008: Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron (LTS) da 8.10 Intrepid Ibex sun fito. PCWorld yayi ƙididdigar Ubuntu a matsayin "mafi kyawun rarraba Linux wad'annan thesean kwanakin nan"

2009: Saki na Ubuntu 9.04 Jaunty Jackalop wanda ya ƙara ext4 a matsayin tsarin fayil don shigarwa da tallafi ga masu sarrafa ARM, da kuma 9.10 Karmic Koala, wanda aka ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Software ta Ubuntu, wanda ke ba da damar duk fakiti a sarrafa su ta tsakiya. . Waɗannan nau'ikan za su ƙara yawan masu amfani da Ubuntu, suna kawo shi kusa da matsayin mafi mashahuri rarraba kuma suna da masu amfani da miliyan 13 masu haɓaka mai girma fiye da kowane rarrabawa. Google ya bayyana cewa sama da ma'aikata dubu 20.000 suna amfani da Ubuntu dan kwaskwarima a aikin su na yau da kullun. Babban Jami'in Jandarma na Italiya yana adana kashi 70% na kasafin kuɗaɗen IT ta hanyar sauya tashoshin aiki 5000 zuwa Ubuntu; A Macedonia, Ma’aikatar Ilimi da Kimiyya ta ba da kwamfutoci sama da 180.000 tare da Ubuntu zuwa makarantu.

2010: Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx (LTS) da aka saki, wanda ke neman rage lokutan taya, sake fasalta Cibiyar Software, da inganta ƙimar tsarin gaba ɗaya. Kari akan haka, an saka ingantaccen mai shigarwar sosai, yana ƙara nunin faifai. Sakin sigar na 10.10 Maveric Meerkat ya kara btrfs a cikin tsarin fayiloli kuma ya gyara wasu matsalolin amfani da kwari na Unity, amma har yanzu zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin al'umma ta saba da amfani da ita. An canza ɗakin ofishi daga OpenOffice zuwa LibreOffice.

2011: An saki Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal da 11.10 Oneiric Ocelote. An ƙara haɗin kai azaman yanayin GUI na asali, mai maye gurbin GNOME, wanda ke haifar da ƙaura mai yawa na masu amfani. An sanar da hada aikace-aikacen da aka gina a Qt da kuma daidaita yanayin daidaitawar Qt da GTK. Da yawa an cire nau'ikan, an bar sunan kawai 'Ubuntu' don amfani da shi a kowane irin kwamfutoci, da 'Ubuntu Server' don amfani da shi a kan sabobin. Haɗuwa da Ubuntu a kan kowane nau'in kwamfutar hannu, talabijin, wayoyi da sauran na'urori an ba da sanarwar sigar ta 14.04 (Afrilu 2014). Yawan masu amfani gwargwadon Cannonical kusan miliyan 20 ne. Har yanzu, Ubuntu ya rasa babban matsayi a cikin martabar Distrowatch zuwa Linux Mint a karon farko cikin shekaru. Ubuntu Server ya hau zuwa matsayi na huɗu daga cikin rarar abubuwan raba Linux don sabobin.

2012: Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin (LTS) ya fito. An gabatar da Ubuntu TV a CES, yana ba da damar gudanar da abun ciki da ayyuka a talabijin. An sanar da 'Ubuntu don Android' wanda ke ba ku damar gudanar da teburin Ubuntu daga kowane wayoyin Android. Rikici game da tsarin UEFI wanda Microsoft ya aiwatar don Windows 8, Cannonical ya yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar maɓallin kansa azaman madadin, wanda ya cancanci ƙin yarda da FSF. Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal ci gaba ya fara ne tare da wadatar nau'ikan Alpha na farko.

Análisis: Ba tare da wata shakka ba, Ubuntu ya kasance iyakar abin da ake magana game da ci gaban GNU / Linux duniya. Ba tare da komai ba don kishin Windows, yawancin ƙaura na tsofaffin masu amfani da Redmond OS sun bi ta cikin ɓarna na Cannonical ba tare da masu shiga tsakani ba kuma haɓakar da ya samu tsawon shekaru hakan kuma yana nuna gaskiyar cewa yawancin masu amfani suna ƙarfafawa don sanin cewa Linux ita ma duniya ce da zata iya biyan bukatun ku.

Bayan lokaci Ubuntu yana ta haɓaka, yana ƙara tallafi na kayan aiki, ƙirƙirar kayan aikin da ke sauƙaƙa gudanarwa, goge zane-zane, faɗaɗa kasuwannin sa zuwa wasu fannoni, ƙirƙirar mai ƙarfi da girma al'umma. Wataƙila babbar rashin nasarar ta ta zo ne tare da aiwatar da Unityayantaka, yanayin da ya ba mutane da yawa mamaki tare da kwari da yawa a farkon kuma hakan ya haifar da "ƙaura" don yarda da sauran hanyoyin. Sauran masu amfani sunyi ƙawancen ƙawancen Unity ko canza yanayin zane.

Me ake tsammani a nan gaba? Fadada zuwa sauran kasuwannin da Cannonical ke niyyar rarrabawa zai iya juya daidaituwa don juya Ubuntu cikin ƙaunatacciyar sake, kodayake a yau ya riga ya sami adadin masu amfani da yawa. Duk wannan zai dogara ne akan kimanta tasirin da kowane shawarar da aka yanke zai haifar da kuma goyon bayan al'ummarku.

Linux Mint

2007: Saki na sigogi 2.2 "Bianca", 3.0 "Cassandra", 3.1 "Celena" da 4.0 "Daryna", ɗayan ɗayan yana ƙara karo na farko KDE a matsayin madadin GNOME tare da duk fakitinsa, da kuma kayan aiki masu mahimmanci da yawa kamar mintUpdate da mintDesktop kuma suna bayyana tebur wanda zai zama daidaitaccen Mint daga yanzu, yin fare akan amfani mai amfani. Cassandra yana ƙara sanannun tasirin "cube" don juyawa tsakanin tebura.

2008: Kaddamar da siga 5 "Elyssa" da 6 "Felicia". An canza saurin ci gaba zuwa sakewa biyu a kowace shekara, kamar Ubuntu, tushen Mint Linux Mint. Elyssa shine farkon wanda ya kara harsuna da yawa, ya tallafawa gine-ginen x86_64 kuma, kasancewar shi LTS, zai zama sigar da akafi amfani dashi a cikin al'umma tsawon shekaru.

2009: Kaddamar da sifofi 7 «Gloria» da 8 «Helena». Gloria ta gabatar da tallafi na ext4 da mahimman canje-canje na zane-zane, wanda zai taimaka sosai don bambanta kanta daga Ubuntu da gabatar da distro mai ƙawancen mai amfani. Helena ta gabatar da ingantattun ci gaba ga GDM mintUpdate, mintInstall, mintUpload, mintBachup da Manajan Software, kayan aikin waɗanda tare da shudewar lokaci zai zama ƙarfi a cikin kowane ƙaddamarwa. Hakanan an ƙara Grub2 da OEM version

2010: Kaddamar da sigogi 9 "Isadora" LTS da 10 "Julia". LMDE 201012 an sake shi, mai jujjuyawar tushen Debian na tushen Linux Mint 100% ya dace da Debian amma ba tare da babban littafin Mint ba. Adadin masu amfani daga sauran rarrabawa yana ƙaruwa a babban sikelin, Mint ya fara samun shahara. Ana sanar da ƙaddamar da sifofi tare da madadin tebur zuwa GNOME, kamar su KDE, XFCE ko Fluxbox, a hukumance (duk da cewa kafin a sami sigar "al'umma" ta waɗannan mahallai)

2011: Saki na 11 "Katya", wanda aka fara haɗari da shi ta hanyar sakin GNOME 3; an yanke shawarar ci gaba da amfani da GNOME 2 amma an yi kira da a sami wani madadin wanda zai ba da damar adana halayensa. OpenOffice an maye gurbinsa da LibreOffice. A ƙarshe Katya ya zama ɗayan nasarar rarrabawa a cikin tarihin Mint, nasarar da ba za a iya fin ta magajin ta ba. Sigo na 5 Elyssa ta zo ƙarshen rayuwarta kamar LTS. A ƙarshen shekara an saki 12 "Lisa", wanda ya ƙara MATE azaman yanayi mai zane don maye gurbin GNOME 3. Kaddamar da LMDE 201104 da 201109. developerungiyar masu haɓaka Linux Mint ta ƙaddamar da Cinnamon a hukumance, cokulan GNOME 2 wanda shima zai kasance akwai don wasu rarraba kamar Fedora, Ubuntu, OpenSUSE ko CentOS da sauransu. Linux Mint ya maye gurbin Ubuntu a cikin martabar ganin shafin yanar gizo na Distrowatch, yana mai tabbatar da ƙaruwar ƙimar Mint; Wannan shine karo na farko cikin shekaru da Ubuntu ya rasa wuri na farko

2012: Kaddamar da sigar ta 13 "Maya" da LMDE 201204. A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da CompuLab, an ƙaddamar da MintBox, ƙaramin kwamfyuta mai kama da modem kuma wanda ya haɗa da Linux Mint a matsayin tsarin aiki. Maya sun hada da MDM, suna maye gurbin GDM a matsayin manajan shiga; Wata daya bayan ƙaddamar da shi, ƙungiyoyi daban-daban sun bayyana shi a matsayin "ɗayan mafi kyawun tsari da rarraba abubuwa a cikin duniyar GNU / Linux." Ci gaban fasali na 14 an tsara shi, ba tare da sunan lamba a halin yanzu kuma ya dogara da fitowar Ubuntu 12.10 ta gaba

Análisis: Linux Mint na wakiltar kyakkyawan misali na yadda distro zai iya tafiya daga kasancewa ɗayan "tulin" zuwa kasancewa a saman shahararrun rarrabawa, ba tare da manta cewa a farkon Mint shafin yanar gizo ne kawai ba! Haƙiƙa ya kasance shekaru 5 masu matukar amfani ga distro wanda ke ɗan ƙarami, wanda sakin sa na farko shi ne Ada, sigar 1.0 a 2006. Yayin da wasu za su ce matsayin Mint na yanzu saboda ƙaurawar masu amfani daga Ubuntu sakamakon ƙin yarda daga Unty, wannan ba gaskiya bane, kamar yadda zai rage Mint.

Masu amfani sun haskaka Mint na fewan shekaru don haɗawar multimedia da kododin java, LiveCD mara kyau, keɓaɓɓun kayan aikin sa da kuma yanayin zane wanda koyaushe ake fuskantar saukin amfani. Da farko nayi amfani da GNOME, kuma da zarar an fitar da sigar ta 3 ta wannan mahalli, sai aka yanke shawarar adana Cinnamon da MATE, cokula biyu waɗanda suke ba da damar a ƙayyade asalin GNOME ta wata hanya ta 2. Duk waɗannan yanke shawara sun sami nasara galibi saboda masu haɓaka suna tabbatar da cewa suna da kyakkyawar sadarwa tare da masu amfani da su, wanda koyaushe ƙari ne.

Idan aka ci gaba, Mint yakamata ya bi ƙa'idar ta ta asali: ci gaba da rikitar da ita mai sauƙi da ƙarfi kuma masu amfani da ita suna cikin farin ciki. Wannan shine abin da matsayin ta na yanzu ya cancanci, kuma kodayake bashi da saurin ci gaba kamar Ubuntu, ci gaban rarraba shi ba shi da kishi ga tsarin Cannonical.

Red hat Kasuwancin Linux (RHEL)

2007: An Sake Sakawa ta 5. Jim Whitehurst Ya Nemi Shugaban Red Hat Shugaba da Shugaba; Matthew Szulik ya ci gaba a matsayin Shugaban Red Hat. A shekara ta huɗu a jere ana kiran Red Hat mai suna Mai Amintaccen Software Mai Sayarwa. RHEL 5.1 an sake shi

2008: RHEL 5 Ya Samu Zinare azaman Samfurin Shekarar daga SearchEnterpriseLinux.com a cikin Rarraba Rarraba Sabar Linux don jagorarta cikin ƙwarewa. Red Hat yana cikin jerin Forbes na kamfanoni 25 masu saurin haɓaka fasaha. Sunayen Takaitattun Sunaye Red Hat Enterprise Linux Samfu na Shekarar 2008. RHEL 5.2 Saki

2009: An fitar da RHEL 5.3. RHEL 5.4 an sake shi, yana haɗawa da fasaha mai amfani da kayan kwalliya (KVM) tare da fasahar amfani da fasahar Xen a karon farko. A karo na farko RHEL da Windows zasu iya aiki tare ta hanyar amfani da kwarewa, a matsayin mai masauki ko a matsayin baƙo, tare da cikakken tallafi daga kamfanonin biyu.

2010: Saki na 6, wanda ke taimakawa tunani game da makomar da ayyuka ke kasancewa a cikin gajimare. Red Hat Cloud Access Cloud kayan aiki yana bawa kowane mai amfani damar faɗaɗa rajista na RHEL zuwa gajimare cikin sauƙi da sauƙi.

2011: Kaddamar da sifofi 6.1 da 6.2, cimma nasarar ƙa'idodin ƙaura da dacewa tare da samfuran SAP na kasuwanci. Rukunin RHEL miliyan 2.5 ya kai

2012: Red Hat ta sanar da cewa za a tsawaita tallafi ga RHEL 5 da 6 daga shekaru 7 zuwa 10. Rigima game da tsarin UEFI da Microsoft ke aiwatarwa na Windows 8, Red Hat da Cannonical suna yanke shawara daban-daban.

AnálisisMatsayin Red Hat a cikin kasuwar lissafi yana da ban sha'awa, amma nesa da girman kai da son mallakar kamfani kamar Microsoft, Red Hat ya sami wannan cancantar ta hanyar ingancin samfuransa da tallafi da yake bawa kwastomominsa. Ba ma iya tunanin duk takaddun shaida masu inganci da kuma bayanan da wannan kamfani ke riƙe da su, har ma da ƙasa da adadin abokan huldar da yake da su (kawai don sanya musu suna NASA da IBM sun ishe mu) Waɗanda ba mu taɓa amfani da RHEL ba na iya samun ɗan gajeren tunanin duk abin da yake wakilta , amma nesa da kowane shakka rarrabawa ce ta babban inganci wanda ke da goyan bayan mutum, haɗuwa tare da wasu kayan haɗin haɗi da tsarin mafi kyau a cikin duniyar Linux.

Wataƙila mafi girman ci gaban RHEL da muke gani a ɓangaren kasuwanci, tunda yana cikin wannan yanki inda tsaro da ƙarfi suka fi buƙata. Masana'antar tebur na iya ba ta girma ta tsallake-tsallake ba, amma tabbas Red Hat zai ci gaba da samar da RHEL tare da ci gaba mai gudana.

Fedora

2007: Tare da fitowar Fedora 7 "Moonshine", Coreididdigar Core da Extras sun haɗu, tare da sabon kayan aiki don sarrafa fakitin su. Sigo na 8 "Werewolf" an fito dashi a watan Nuwamba, wanda aka kara sababbin abubuwa kamar hada Iced Tea, Codec Buddy da Pulse Audio; Fedora ya zama farkon rabawa don samun Pulse Audio ta tsoho.

2008: Fedora 9 "Sulfur" yana ba da kyawawan abubuwa da haɓaka al'umma. Fedora 10 «Cambridge» ta kawo babban fasalin ta Plymouth bootloader, ta maye gurbin RHGB (Red Hat Graphical Boot)

2009: Sashe na 11 "Leonidas" yana kawo babban cigaba ga tsarin farawa da rufewa (sakan 20 na farawa har zuwa shigarwar mai amfani), goyan bayan yatsan yatsa, yum da haɓakar kunkit, da goyan baya ga tsarin fayil ɗin ext4. Fedora 12 "Constantine" yana ƙara babban sabuntawa zuwa grub wanda ke ba da izinin rabewar ɓarnawar ext4, kodayake wannan tallafi ya kasance a baya, grub ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin ɓangaren ext2 / ext3 lokacin shigar da tsarin. Hakanan an ƙara cikakken tallafi ga harsunan Asiya.

2010: Fedora 13 "Goddard" ya haɗu da sabuntawa na RPM wanda ya inganta kulawar kunshin har zuwa 30%, haɓaka 3D don katunan Nvidia. Sigo na 14 "Laughlin" an sake shi a karo na farko a cikin girgije na EC2 na Amazon, fasalin da ke ci gaba da kiyaye shi ta sigar yanzu, ya haɗa da sabuntawa zuwa fakitin ci gaba da yawa da kuma dakunan karatu na tsarin.

2011: Sakin Fedora 15 "Lovelock" ya haɗa da yawancin haɓakawa a cikin shekaru da yawa, yana karɓar shi ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin yawan masu amfani da ƙimar kafofin watsa labarai masu kyau. Ofishin kyauta an haɗa shi da maye gurbin Open Office, kayan aikin ƙwarewa, sabunta mahalli masu hoto ciki har da XFCE da LXDE, haɓakawa a cikin tsarin fayil ɗin fayil da saurin. Fedora 16 "Verne" tana ƙara kayan aiki don aiki a cikin gajimare, sabuntawa zuwa grub 2 kuma an cire HAL, sabunta kayan aikin ci gaba da sabunta kernel zuwa 3.1.0. An ƙaddamar da sabis ɗin yanar gizon da ake kira "Ask Fedora" wanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙofa don ƙaddamar da tambayoyi da shakku na al'umma kuma masu amfani da kansu za su iya amsawa.

2012: Sabuwar sigar da aka fito da ita ita ce "Beefy Miracle" 17, tare da fasali kamar kernel 3.4.1, GNOME 3.4, KDE 4.8, haɓakawa a cikin Network Managaer, dacewa tare da allon taɓawa da maye gurbin iptable ta firewalld. Sigogin da har yanzu suke da goyan baya sune 16-17; Fedora 18 "Spherical Cow" ana sa ran za a sake shi a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara

Análisis: Taken Fedora shine “Yanci. Abota. Fasali ”, kuma lallai ya haɗu da waɗannan rukunin. Dangane da lambar tushe da Red Hat ta bayar, Fedora tana ba da tsarin aiki na gari wanda ke ba mu damar jin daɗin kyawawan halaye na software kyauta, saduwa da babbar al'umma mai daɗi, kuma muna da kayan aiki da yawa don sauƙaƙe amfani da PC ɗinmu .

Wataƙila haɓakar Fedora ba ta fashe cikin hanzari kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran rarrabuwa ba, amma ci gabanta ba ya tsayawa, yana ci gaba da haɓaka tare da kowane saki kuma yana ci gaba da zama, bayan shekaru 9 na tarihi, wuri a cikin mahimman rarrabawa a cikin GNU duniya / Linux. Aya daga cikin abubuwan da masu amfani da wasu abubuwan suka suka suka shine gajeren tallafi na tallafi wanda aka bawa kowane juzu'i da wasu canje-canje waɗanda aka bawa tsarin fayil tsakanin sakin ɗaya da wani, kodayake wannan ya faru sau da yawa don inganta tsarin daidaitawa da gudanarwa.

Ra'ayina shine cewa Fedora an haifeta ne domin ta kasance: kasancewarta aikin al'umma kuma tana ba da damar zaɓar tsakanin Spins, Formats da Desktops da yawa yana da tabbacin cewa haɓakarta zata zama mai girma da girma. Yayin da shekaru suka shude, za a ci gaba da samun nasarorin da ta tara tsawon shekaru.

Harshen Mandriva

2007: Mandriva 2007 (wanda aka fito da shi a ƙarshen 2006) yana jan hankalin sabbin masu amfani, yana ƙaruwa da shahararsa, kuma ya haɗa da sababbin abubuwa kamar tsarin rarraba USB (Mandriva Flash) da LiveCD. Shafin 2007.1 shine "Guga" na farko, wanda ya canza yanayin haɓaka zuwa watanni 6; Compiz da Beryl, MandrivaUpdate, MandrivaOnline, da DrakRPM sun haɗa. Mandriva 2008.0 ta ƙara sabon kayan ƙaura na Windows / Linux: transfugedrake.

2008: Shafin 2008.1 ya inganta wannan tallafi ta hanyar taimakawa ƙaura na Windows Vista. Sanarwar 2009.0 ta ƙara ƙarin tallafi na kayan aiki da zurfafa haɗi tare da KDE da LXDE. Wannan da na gaba an zaɓi mafi kyawun sifofin tarihi ta al'umma.

2009: Mandriva 2009.1 yana ƙara tallafi na ext4 da sabuwar fasahar Speedbot. Nau'in 2010, wanda ake kira Adelie, ya zo cike da haɓakawa da canje-canje: tsaro mafi girma, dacewa tare da ƙarin yanayin zane, an ƙara asusun baƙi, haɓaka haɗin kai tare da Linux Mobile version, haɓakawa a cikin URPM da urpmi.

2010: Sakin sigar 2010.1 ("Farman") bai kawo cigaba mai mahimmanci ba, sabuntawar kunshin ne kawai. An yanke zagayen ci gaba kuma ya koma shekara 1, yana dakatar da ɓarna da sake sabuntawa kawai. Jita-jita game da sayar da Mandriva na jefa ayyukan ma'aikatanta cikin haɗari (galibi tushensu a Brazil da Faransa) kuma ya jefa al'umma cikin gajimare na rashin tabbas; lamarin ya lafa tare da zuwan sabbin masu saka jari. Wasu masu haɓakawa sun rabu kuma sun fara haɓaka Mageia tare da masu amfani waɗanda ke damuwa da makomar wanda ya gada.

2011: Na farko RC na sigar 2011.0 ("Hydrogen") ya dawo da bege ga Mandriva, kuma fasalin ƙarshe ya kawo sabbin abubuwa waɗanda MandrivaSync yayi fice a cikinsu, sabis don aiki tare da bayanai. A ƙarshen shekara, kamfanin ya sami kansa cikin mawuyacin halin tattalin arziki, inda masu saka hannun jari ke barazanar janye tallafin kudi idan ba a samo mafita ba kuma yiwuwar fatarar kuɗi ko sayarwa ga mai siyarwa mafi girma yana nan tafe.

2012: Bayan wasu "wa'adin" da yawa daga masu hannun jari an dage fatarar kuɗi; wasu tsoffin magina sun shiga aikin samar da wani sabon cokali mai yatsu na Mandriva, ROSA Marathon 2012. Duk da sabon hasken, wasu ma’aikata sun yi murabus sakamakon mutuwar kamfanin Edge-IT, reshen da ya dauki yawancin masu ci gaban aiki. An amince da sake maido da Mandriva, an kirkiro tushe kuma an mika cigaban ga al'umma. An ƙaddamar da "Binciken Fasaha" na 2012, wanda ake kira "Bernie Lomax". Gidauniyar ta ƙaddamar da buɗaɗɗen binciken kan layi don zaɓar sabon sunan rarrabawa.

Análisis: Kirkirar Mandriva a matsayin mai karfin gaske, mai aiki da kuma sada zumunci mai kamar alama an barshi a baya, kuma ba wai kawai saboda raguwar inganci ba, amma saboda mayar da hankali ga matsalolin da ya fuskanta kuma yake ci gaba da fuskanta. Shekarun da suka gabata an san shi azaman wanda ba a yi gardama ba a cikin manyan 10 na mafi kyawun rarraba Linux; a yau ga alama yana cikin shaƙatawa a cikin teku na canjin canjin raƙuman ruwa. Mandriva ya san yadda ake kirkirar abubuwa idan ya zo ga kayan aikin kayan masarufi, kuma babban bangare na rokon nasa ya ta'allaka ne da samun tsayayyen tsari, tare da dimbin kayan aiki da kayan aiki da kuma karfin gwiwa kwata-kwata ya saba da halin kudi.

Bayar da ci gaba ga al'umma na iya inganta yanayin. Koyaya, a lokacin rikice-rikicen su, yawancin masu amfani sun yi ƙaura zuwa wasu rarrabuwa don neman ci gaba da ci gaba, kuma dawo dasu ba zai zama aiki mai sauƙi ba saboda kyawawan hanyoyin da suke wanzu a yau. A yanzu, wannan shekara za ta nemi dawo da ɗaukaka na nau'ikan 2009 da 2009.1, watakila mafi girman maki a tarihin Mandriva. Ko an sami wannan ko a'a zai dogara ne da yadda al'umma ke tsara kanta tare da sabon tushe kuma kan ko za a iya daidaita rashin zaman lafiyar da ta dabaibaye wannan gagarumar rarrabuwa.

Mageia

2010: A cikin Oktoba, ƙungiyar tsoffin masu haɓaka Mandriva da wasu masu amfani sun ba da sanarwar ƙirƙirar gidauniyar Mageia, a daidai lokacin da aka sanar da labarin zubar Edge-IT. Sabuwar kungiyar ta ba da sanarwar kirkiro da sunan da ke ikirarin sunan kuma ta yi ikirarin cewa "ba sa son dogaro da hawa-hawa kan tattalin arziki ko kuma hanyoyin ci gaba ba tare da bayani daga kamfanin ba." An bayyana kyakkyawan tsari na aiki da ci gaban al'umma.

2011- An fito da Mageia 2011 a cikin watan Yunin 1, tare da lambobin zazzagewa da ba a saba gani ba don sabuwar distro. Kuna kafa al'umma mai ƙarfi kuma kuna samun ra'ayoyi da yawa daga masu amfani. An sake zagayowar cigaban watanni 9 tare da tallafin watanni 18 ga kowane juzu'i

2012: an saki nau'ikan alfa da beta na nau'ikan na biyu. Bayan Mandriva ya dawo da iko ga al'umma, an ba Mageia taimakonsa kuma ana ta jita-jita game da yiwuwar aikin haɗin gwiwa. Masu haɓaka Mageia sun ƙi karɓar gayyatar kuma bayan wasu lateran kwanaki aka ƙaddamar da ƙaddamar da Mageia 2 ta ƙarshe, suna ba da kwanciyar hankali da wucewa fakitoci 10.000 a cikin wuraren ajiya. An tsara tsare-tsaren Mageia 3.

AnálisisDuk da samun tarihin shekaru 3 kawai, Mageia ta sami matsayi a cikin wannan jerin. Galibi saboda hargitsin da ya haifar ta hanyar zama magajin "nan da nan" ga Mandriva a wasu lokuta lokacin da aka ce distro yana cikin haɗari saboda matsaloli daban-daban. Kasancewa daga wannan rikici, Gidauniyar Mageia ta maida hankali kan samar da nata tsarin wanda zai kasance cikakke ga al'umma, wanda Mandriva zai ƙare da aikatawa don tsira.

Mageia kyakkyawar rarraba ce. Sigogi na biyu ya gyara matsaloli da yawa waɗanda firsta na farko ke da su, sannan kuma ya ƙaru da jerin kayan aikin software a cikin rumbunan sa da kewayon kayan aikin da aka tallafawa; Kodayake ba ita ce kawai keɓaɓɓiyar yanayin da ke akwai ba, KDE ya yi daidai da Mageia, yana ba da ƙarin ƙwarewar mai amfani.

Komai yana nuna cewa Mageia zata ci gaba da jan hankalin sabbin masu amfani da ita kuma ta mai da hankali kan inganta ingantaccen rarrabawar, wanda duk da cewa ba cikakke bane, yayi amfani da mummunan lokacin Mandriva don ƙara yawan masu amfani da yawa.

OpenSUSE

2007: Saki a cikin Oktoba na 10.3 na 1 ya mai da hankali kan bita na kunshin zazzagewa (ƙara tallafi don 3-Danna Shigar), tallafin doka ga Fluendo MPXNUMX da haɓakawa a lokutan loda.

2008: Shafin 11.0 yana farawa don ƙara zaɓuɓɓukan saukarwa da kwamfyutoci daban-daban; ana ingantawa dangane da saurin tsarin. OpenSUSE 11.1 yana samuwa a ƙarshen shekara, bayan haka za'a jinkirta sakewa kuma lokaci zai shiga inda kawai za'a sake sabuntawa.

2009: A watan Nuwamba, an buga sigar 11.2 a ƙarshe, wanda ya ƙara mahimman ci gaba kamar tallafi don ext4 da PowerPC, KDE a matsayin babban mahalli mai zana hoto, yana barin GNOME a matsayin zaɓi, yiwuwar saukarwa ta hanyar sadarwa (fayil na MB 150 wanda ke ba da damar sauke sauran shigar fayiloli ta intanet).

2010: OpenSUSE 11.3 an sake shi a watan Yuli, ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu amfani kuma yana cikin mafi girman sifofin da aka ƙididdige ta hanyar kwamfuta. An inganta daidaituwar Netbook, an kara mahalli na tebur mara nauyi 2 (Meego akan OpenSUSE da KDE's Plasma Netbook Workspace), goyan bayan gwaji na btrfs da JFS, tallafi ga na'urorin hannu, ƙari na sabar da kayan aikin ci gaba, sabuntawa na 4 muhallin zane (KDE, GNOME, XFCE, LXDE), tare da sabon fasalin Ilimi.

2011: Saki na 11.4, tare da sabunta kunshin da ƙananan haɓaka, da sigar 12.1, wacce ba ta cimma nasarar magabacinta ba. Abubuwan haɓaka a cikin sigar ƙarshe sun haɗa da maye gurbin Open Office ta Libre Office, KDE Plasma akan KDE, WebYaST da OwnCloud don gudanar da cibiyar sadarwa da goge YaST GUI akan KDE.

2012: Saki na 12.2 ya yi jinkiri kuma yana haifar da rashin jin daɗin al'umma. Duk da wannan, adadin abubuwan zazzagewa na sigar 12.1 yana ƙaruwa, adadin fakitoci a cikin wuraren ajiya suna ƙaruwa. Ana samun RC na 12.2 a halin yanzu

Análisis: A matsayina na mai amfani da OpenSUSE na ga kyawawan halaye da lahani na wannan rarraba kuma a yau na sami kaina da cikakken tsarin abokantaka don amfani. Duk da wannan, ƙananan abubuwan tuntuɓe da ke faruwa alamu ne na cewa ga alama ci gaba ya tsaya, duk da cewa wannan ba gaskiya ba ce.

Tabbas OpenSUSE ya sami matsayi na girmamawa a cikin GNU / Linux duniya don gabatar da wani ci gaba mara kyau wanda aka nuna a cikin ingantaccen tsari mai ƙarfi ba tare da watsi da amfani ko gogewa tare da yanayin zane ba, kuma wannan ya kasance dalili ɗaya da yasa yake da shi ya jawo hankalin masu amfani da yawa. Ta hanyar gabatar da wasu hanyoyi da yawa don amfani ta hanyar tsarin gabatarwa daban-daban, kwamfyutocin kwamfyutoci daban-daban, Masana'antu da rassan Tumbleweed har ma da SUSE Studio, mai amfani yana da dukkan damar da zai iya rarraba su yadda suke so. Wannan 'yancin yin amfani da shi, wanda ba a ganin sa cikin mafi yawan rikice-rikice, yana ƙarfafa haɓakar masu amfani da shi yau da kullun.


A takaice dai, kodayake ba shine babban rarrabawa ba, OpenSUSE ya kasance koyaushe a gaba kuma wani misali ne na nasara da karfin da GNU / Linux duniya ke bamu.


30 comments, bar naka

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  1.   Jaume torres ortega m

    kamar sabuwa ga Linux na kasance ina amfani da kubuntu kimanin watanni 3 kuma ina tunanin canzawa zuwa wani rarraba, me kuke bani shawara?

  2.   Juan Pablo Jaramillo Pineda m

    Gaba daya yarda. Ta yaya Debian GNU / Linux ba sa yi? Oo

  3.   Joshua Aquino m

    kuma debian da baka? 😐

  4.   alexin m

    Arch ba shi da karko, kodayake yana ciwo, dole ne ka ba da kanka ga dukkan alloli kuma ka ƙetare yatsanka don komai ya yi aiki tare da kowane sabuntawa, amma yana da kyau ga waɗanda ke da lokaci don bincika kyakkyawan wiki da dandalin su.

  5.   johnk m

    An lissafa Mageia don tasirin sanarwarta da ƙaddamarwa, haɗe da haɓaka mai ban mamaki don irin wannan gajeren gajeren yanayin. Idan distro ɗin da kuka ambata ba a sake shi ba, ta yaya za ku yi tsammanin hakan zai yi tasiri a kan duniyar GNU / Linux? An yaba da ra'ayinku, da gaske akwai takaddama a cikin abin da za a haɗa ko keɓance wannan ko waccan distro, amma kawai bincike ne na mutum, ra'ayin ku ne, ba wani abu ba. Murna!

  6.   Indio m

    Wannan mutumin mai son kallon mageia ne. Ta yaya zai yiwu in yi rubutu game da hargitsi tare da nauyi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma in haɗa da wanda ke ɗaukar 1 ... xD kuma rabi ya barata ya fara suna am geia tun daga 2010, lokacin da aka kirga tasirin distro tun lokacin da aka sake shi , ba daga daukar ciki ba. Kuma idan ba haka ba, Ina neman in hada da nawa distro, Indio Linux, wanda aka dauki ciki tsawon shekaru 5, amma ban sake shi ba har yanzu xDD (shin ya zama dole a nuna abun mamaki?)

  7.   Indio m

    ajajajaj zaka iya ganin amurka ta shekara 5…. pff kamar maniulan xD..mageia ba shi da abin da ya wuce, yana da makoma, don haka wannan tallace-tallace ne na kyauta don wannan distro

  8.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Idan kuna son APT da irin wannan amma ba a gamsar da ku ta hanyar zane ba, to Linux Mint ko Debian.
    Mun kuma ba da shawarar cewa ka zagaya sashenmu na '' Distros '': http://usemoslinux.blogspot.com/p/distros.html
    Murna! Bulus.

  9.   Zoster Septentrion m

    Ina son yin tsokaci cewa ni mai amfani ne da Mandriva kuma daga baya na Mageia. Gaskiyar ita ce, kusan watanni 9 na yi aiki daidai da Mageia. Abun takaici, tare da abubuwan da aka sabunta, suna haifar da matsaloli sosai a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa, mp3 direbobin sauti da bidiyo. Don haka suna lalata wani abu wanda ya fara da kyau. A gefe guda, al'umar Mageia Latina kulab ne cike da mutane masu girman kai waɗanda ba sa ba da wani taimako. Abin da ya sa bai kamata su ambaci Mandriva ko Mageia a nan ba. Abubuwan rikicewa ne waɗanda ke ƙara haifar da matsaloli fiye da fa'idodi. Kuma idan baku bincika Intanit don matsalar da amfani da wannan ɓatarwa ya haifar a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa ba. Kuma alumma kawai sun iyakance kansu da cewa "hahaha ba yawa bane don na jefa cibiyoyin sadarwa ko kuma cewa bata san abubuwanda suke kewaye dasu ba kuma qt yana haifar da matsaloli ta hanyar sauti ko bidiyo" KASANCEWA DASHI WATA RUDADI CEWA MAIMATA INGANTA SHI YANA haifar da matsaloli.

  10.   Pollinux m

    Na yarda da Ramon, bari muyi magana game da Debian, mahaifiyar yawancin distros ...

  11.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Da kyau!
    Bayyanannu kuma a takaice.
    Abubuwan da aka gabatar sune kawai da'awar ɓangare na biyu. 🙂
    Rungumewa! Bulus.
    A ranar 23/07/2012 13:28, «Disqus» ya rubuta:

  12.   johnk m

    Ina so in bayyana wasu batutuwa, galibi ta hanyar karanta tsokaci da ra'ayoyi, wadanda ke da kyakkyawan shubuhohi:

    1- Labarin zai shiga hargitsi sosai a farko, amma tunda lokaci ne na isar da ayyuka da sauran abubuwa a facu, sai muka dakatar da wadancan hargitsi DOMIN LOKACI. Kamar yadda Pablo ya ce, da farko ya bayyana wadanda suka bata kuma da alama za a rubuta bangare na biyu tare da wadanda suka bata, muna neman hakuri ne kawai

    2- Me yasa kawai shekaru 5 da suka gabata kuma ba sauran? Saboda mun yi la'akari da farko cewa wannan lokacin zai nuna halin da wadannan rikice-rikicen suke ciki da kuma yadda suke tasiri ga duniyar GNU / Linux. Za a iya yin bincike tare da shekarun da suka gabata, duk da haka bayanan ba su da yawa kuma da an faɗaɗa aikin da yawa.

    3-Ana hada Mandriva domin duk da halin da take ciki yanzu, TUN KAFIN YANA DA LOKACIN SAUTAWA. Mageia shine "magajinsa," kuma yayin da ba shi da masu amfani da yawa, mahimmancinsa ya samo asali ne saboda nasarorin da aka samu kwanan nan da kuma dadaddiyar dangantakarta da Mandriva.

    4- Linux Mint mai wuce gona da iri kamar Ubuntu. A cikin labarin, BA MUSAMMAN NE AKA CE CEWA MINT YA WUCE UBUNTU A AMFANIN QUOTA ba, amma cewa a cikin 2011 ya «maye gurbin Ubuntu a cikin darajar shafin shafi na mutum na
    Rarrabawa, yana mai tabbatar da ƙimar shaharar Mint. Shahararren distro ba daidai yake da yawan masu amfani ba: distro na iya zama sananne saboda ambaton da ake yi a cikin shafukan yanar gizo, shafukan yanar gizo, bincike, saboda bayyanar mai amfani a cikin majallu, ta hanyar shawarwari, da kuma dubban sauran hanyoyi , baya nufin kudin amfani kawai. Ni ba mai amfani da ARCH bane, amma na san cewa sanannen abu ne saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin rikicewar rikicewar da aka ambata a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na musamman na Linux, irin su wannan rukunin yanar gizon 🙂 Amfani da keɓaɓɓe tsakanin wani distro da wani yana da tazarar sararin samaniya kuma ina tsammanin ba haka bane za a iya gajarta shi, aƙalla cikin gajeren lokaci. Koyaya, na nuna cewa a cikin fannoni daban-daban na ga maganganu iri-iri da maimaitawa na "Ina ƙoƙarin Linux Mint saboda ni mai amfani da Ubuntu ne kuma a yanzu ba na jin daɗin hakan saboda haɗawar Unity", kuma wannan yana tabbatar da cewa akwai yiwuwar tafiya daga Ubuntu zuwa Mint, kuma wannan yana haifar da, a wani ɓangare, “amo” da Mint ke yi yau. Idan kowane ɗayan ya fassara cewa Mint ko Ubuntu sun fi ƙaƙƙarfan mashahuri fiye da takwarorinsu, wannan ya riga ya bincika kan kowane ɗayan.

    5- Debian zai kasance cikin wannan bita, amma ba a sami bayanai da yawa ba, don haka aka yanke shawarar rufe labarin da abin da ke akwai. Haka ne, ita ce "mahaifiya" ta wasu daga cikinsu da aka jera a nan kuma ya cancanci kasancewa a kashi na biyu na wannan labarin, kada ku damu.

    6- Na fara amfani da Linux tare da Ubuntu, sannan na canza zuwa Linux Mint kuma a halin yanzu ban da Mint ina kuma amfani da Fedora da OpenSUSE. Na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma na gwada Mageia. Na san daga gogewa cewa kowannensu yana da nasa fa'idodi da rashin amfani, kuma babban ra'ayin shine bai kamata ya zama yana da matsayi ba, cewa babu MAI NASARA, amma dai yayi nazarin yadda kowane ɓarna ya aikata a waɗannan shekarun kuma ga yadda hakan ya rinjayi halin da suke ciki a yanzu.

    7- Game da Ubuntu kuwa, babban hargitsi ne, duk da cewa bana amfani da shi, ban musanta farin jini ko tasiri ko mahimmancin da yake da shi ba. A cikin labarin zaku iya gani a sarari yadda kungiyoyi daban daban suka zabi amfani da shi ko aiwatar da shi da kuma yadda yake karadewa da kayayyaki daban-daban (Ubuntu TV, Ubuntu na Android, da sauransu).

    8- Abinda aka rubuta a ganina kuma kowa na iya sabawa, kowanne yana da ingantaccen hangen nesa da ra'ayi 😀

  13.   Ba a sani ba m

    Saboda yadda ake rubuta labarin, za a ce Mint ya wuce Ubuntu ta fuskar amfani da farin jini, amma… Me suke kafa hujja da shi cewa Linux Mint ita ce wacce ta fi shahara ko kuma ta fi kowane rabo? Saboda rowididdigar Distrowatch? Gaskiya ne kuma watakila nayi kuskure, ban ganta a ko'ina ba, Ina matukar shakkar cewa Linux Mint ya wuce Ubuntu a yawan amfani, kawai kalli labarai kamar Steam, labarai daga masana'antun da suke cinikin miƙawa Ubuntu a cikin shigarwa, labarai game da Ubuntu TV, da sauransu.
    Wannan Mint ɗin Linux yana da kyau kuma sun san yadda ake motsawa don jan hankalin yawancin masu amfani waɗanda basa son sanin komai tare da canje-canje masu mahimmancin gaske waɗanda manyan maɓallan tebur suka bayar, bana shakkar sa (duba cewa har Firefox na Mint ya kawo alama zuwa Distrowatch ), amma ina ganin cewa ba shi da yawa don iya daidaita Ubuntu aƙalla dangane da yawan masu amfani da shahara.

  14.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Daidai. A cikin Ubuntu ya zo a cikin 11.04. Abin da kuka ce yana cikin Ubuntu Netbook Edition, ba daidai yake da Ubuntu (babban sigar).
    Murna! Bulus.

  15.   Francisco Verdeja m

    Da gaske ya kasance a cikin 10.10 azaman sigar don Netbooks, yayi kyau sosai fiye da sigar da ta fito a cikin Ubuntu 11.04, amma ba ta da tabbas saboda Mutter, wanda a wancan lokacin ya kasance mai matukar rashin ƙarfi, mai nauyi da jinkirin sarrafa manajan taga.

  16.   Tsakar Gida m

    Don zama mai amfani da OpenSUSE dole ne in faɗi cewa daga duk waɗanda aka bincika shine wanda kuka kasance mafi ƙarancin ra'ayi xD

  17.   Tsakar Gida m

    Da kyau, mutum, saboda taken baya magana game da waɗanda suka fi nauyi a wannan daidai lokacin, amma waɗanda suka same shi a cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata.

  18.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Hehe paragraph sakin layi na farko ya bayyana dalilin.
    Ya ɓace don haskaka shi kuma an ga cewa da yawa basu karanta shi ba. Yanzu ya bayyana a rawaya.
    Murna! Bulus.

  19.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Gaskiyan ku! Na riga na gyara kuskuren.
    Na gode! Bulus.

  20.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Dubi sakin layi na farko na labarin. Can ya bayyana karara dalilin da yasa suka bata Tabbas zasu zo kashi na biyu. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi kasida akan DUK hargitse tare.
    Murna! Bulus.

  21.   Bari muyi amfani da Linux m

    Labarin ya bayyana dalilin da yasa Arch ba, Debian ɗaya bane.
    Murna! Bulus.

  22.   Tammuz m

    An rasa Debian sosai amma gaskiyar ita ce aƙalla akwai waɗanda dole ne su kasance a wurin kuma cewa an san su da gaske a wajen Linux

  23.   karbestos m

    Ba a saki Unity a ranar 10.04 ba a ranar 11.04

  24.   Mysta m

    da Arch? Daga yanzu na cire su daga mashaya alamun shafi.

  25.   Yesu m

    Me yasa sanya baka idan tsarin birgima ne, ta yaya zakuyi nazarin distro gwargwadon lokacinta idan har abada bazai sake sigar da ta dace ba?

  26.   Ramon m

    Ina tsammanin Debian ya ɓace daga wannan jerin, fiye da komai saboda shine tushe da tushe (kuma a cikin babban%) na sauran ɓarna waɗanda suke nan kamar Ubuntu ko Mint.
    Kuma kasancewar ban dade da shiga cikin Linux ba, tun daga 2009 ba komai, ban fahimci yadda ake ambaton Madriva (da Mageia cokali mai yatsu ba) saboda a halin yanzu basu da nauyi sosai a cikin Al'umma, kodayake na san cewa suna da shi a lokacin , yanzu basuyi ba.

    Ko ta yaya, labarin mai kyau da babban aiki a taƙaice.

  27.   Carlos m

    Kyakkyawan bayani. Me yasa Arch baya wurin? Wuya a daidaita, amma yana da karko sosai, yana aiki.

  28.   Stucco m

    Me ya faru da Arch? Kwanaki kafin 2007 fa? redhat ta tsufa kamar debian… ..

  29.   Carla m

    Akwai Mageia kuma babu Arch, cikakke ... / s

  30.   kik1n ku m

    Ina jiran bayani kan gentoo, sabayon, debian, LMDE.