Tare da m: Umurnin asali a cikin GNU / Linux

Akwai wasu umarni waɗanda masu amfani da su GNU / Linux ya kamata mu sani don yanayinta ya kasance yana da asali. A cikin wannan sakon zamuyi magana akan wasu daga cikinsu da yadda suke aiki, abin da kawai muke buƙata shine 😀

Yana kashe jakuna.

Ina tsammanin mafi mahimmin umarnin da ya kamata mu sani shi ne:

$ man

Wannan shine zai fitar da mu daga shakku da matsaloli sau da yawa. Amfani da shi mai sauƙi ne, mahimmin tsari shine umarnin $ mutum, misali:

$ man man
$ man mkdir

Ina aiki tare da manyan fayiloli da kundayen adireshi.

Don canza kundin adireshi ta hanyar tashar jirgin sama muna amfani da umarnin cd. Aikinta mai sauki ne a cikin tashar:

$ cd : Muna tafiya kai tsaye zuwa babban fayil ɗin mu / gida.
$ cd /home/elav/Documents/PDF/ : Muje zuwa babban fayil PDF ciki / gida / elav / Takardu.
$ cd .. : Muna hawa matakin daya. Idan muna ciki PDF zamu tafi / gida / elav / Takardu.
$ cd ../.. : Mun haura matakai biyu. Idan muna ciki PDF zamu tafi / gida / elav /.

Idan muna son ganin wane jakar da muke ciki, muna amfani da umarnin:

$ pwd

Don ƙirƙirar babban fayil muna amfani da umarnin mkdir:

$ mkdir /home/elav/test : Mun ƙirƙiri jakar gwajin a ciki / gida / elav.
$ mkdir -p /home/elav/test/test2 : Mun ƙirƙiri babban fayil test2a ciki / gida / elav / gwaji /. Idan babban fayil ne gwajin babu shi, an ƙirƙira shi ne.

Bayanin umarni.

Akwai umarni da yawa don duba bayanai kan fayiloli ko manyan fayiloli, da kuma sararin da suke ciki. Mafi sani shine ls, wanda ke taimaka mana jerin abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi.

$ ls : Rubuta abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshin
$ ls -l : Jera abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi a matsayin jerin, ban da nuna wasu bayanan.
$ ls -la : Rubuta abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshin, gami da fayilolin ɓoye (suna da lokaci a gaban sunan)

Mun riga mun ga sararin faifai da umarnin girma a cikin wannan shigarwar, don haka ban saka su ba.

Ina aiki tare da fayiloli

Akwai yarn da yawa da za'a yanka anan, amma wannan lokacin zanyi magana akan umarni cp (a kwafa), mv (don yanke / motsa) da rm (Cire / Share).

$ cp /home/elav/fichero1 /home/elav/fichero2 : Mun ƙirƙiri kwafin na fayil1
$ cp /home/elav/fichero3 /home/elav/fichero2 : Muna kwafa da sauyawa fayil3 en fayil2.
$ cp -R /home/elav /home/elav/bckup : Muna kwafin duk abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshin kari para / gida / elav / ajiyar waje. Dole ne a yi amfani da -R (Recursive) don manyan fayiloli.

$ cp /home/elav/fichero* /home/elav/bckup Kwafa komai a cikin sunan fayil, komai koma menene, ko kuma iyakar.

Wani abu makamancin haka shine umarnin mv, amma a wannan yanayin, da fayil1 za a koma (ko sake masa suna) a ciki fayil2.

$ mv /home/elav/fichero1 /home/elav/fichero2

Game da manyan fayiloli, ba lallai bane a sanya zaɓi -R.

$ mv /home/elav/bckup /home/elav/bckup2

Kuma a ƙarshe muna da umarnin share fayiloli ko kundayen adireshi.

$ rm /home/elav/fichero1 : Share fayil1.

Kuma game da manyan fayiloli, idan dole ne muyi amfani da zaɓi -R.

$ rm -R /home/elav/bckup : Share babban fayil ɗin sarkuk

Don inganta waɗannan dokokin, zamu iya amfani da zaɓi -v (magana) hakan zai nuna mana akan allo ayyukan da umarnin ke aiwatarwa a wannan lokacin.

Waɗannan wasu umarni ne na asali, amma tabbas sun cancanci sani. Daga baya zamu nuna muku wasu.