Jumma'ar da ta gabata mai karatu yayi sharhi cewa zai zama mai ban sha'awa ƙirƙirar matsayi game da yadda ake tsara USB da ƙirƙirar USB mai ɗorewa ta hanyar umarnin dd Don haka a cikin wannan rubutun zan magance waɗannan batutuwan 🙂
Gudanar da raka'a ta hanyar tashar.
Fdisk
Umurnin farko da ya zama dole fdisk ne, wannan yana ba da damar sarrafawa da / ko nuna teburin ɓangaren kowane yanki, kuma amfaninta yana da sauƙi kamar ma'anarta ...
# fdisk -l
Nuna jerin tuka-tuka da teburin bangare
# fdisk /dev/sdx #sdx es un ejemplo
Shigar da menu mai amfani da magudi.
hawa / umount
Lokacin da na fara GNU / Linux shekarun da suka gabata ina tunanin, Shin zai yiwu a ɗora USB ta hanyar tashar? Ilhamta ta ce min eh, amma ... Ta yaya? Da sannu kaɗan na fara amfani da na'urar wasan kwatsam kuma ba zato ba tsammani amsar ta zo ita kaɗai Dutsen y cika.
Don hawa USB daga tashar muna buƙatar ƙirƙirar kundin adireshi, bisa ga al'ada zai kasance / mnt hahaha
# mkdir /mnt/USB
A cikin wannan kundin adireshin duk bayanan da ke USB za a ɗora su. Yanzu mun haɗa USB, kernel yana yin duk sihiri ta hanyar gano direba, kuma ya gaya wa tsarin cewa na'urar a shirye take don amfani, zamu iya ganin wannan tare da:
$ dmesg | tail
Zai nuna layuka 10 na ƙarshe da abin ajiyar kernel yayi amma a gare mu zai zama ba a iya fahimtarsa har sai munyi amfani dashi fdisk don ganin cewa tana gano wani sabon rukuni kuma yana nuna mana bayanai game da shi; a ce USB ɗin yana / dev / sdb kuma muna so mu fitar da bayanan daga ciki. Don hawa shi isa
# mount /dev/sdb /mnt/USB
Yanzu lokacin zuwa kundin adireshi / mnt / USB zamu gano cewa yana da dukkan bayanan USB kuma yana yiwuwa
Zai yiwu a ƙirƙiri USB mai ɗorawa
# dd if=~/imagen.iso of=/dev/sdb
Kuma kawai ya rage a jira har sai alamar siginar ta sake bayyana.
Zai yuwu ayi kwafi daga naúra zuwa naúrar
# dd if=/dev/sdx1 of=/dev/sdx2 bs=4096
Share bayanai daga duka rumbun kwamfutar
# dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/sdx
Yi rubutu a kwance
$ echo -n "Wada" | bb cbs=1 conv=unblock 2> /dev/null
Maida rubutu zuwa karamar harafi
$ echo "wada" | bb conv=ucase 2> /dev/null
Daga cikin wasu
Da kyau mutane komai ne na yau wannan shine asalin da yakamata ku sani game da sarrafa tsarin fayil da kuma tafiyarwa drives Muna karanta juna, har zuwa Juma'a mai zuwa.
Ban san dalilin ba amma ba zan iya shirya rayayyun rayuwa tare da umarnin dd ta amfani da iso ba. Idan zan iya tare da hoton .usb. Zai sake gwadawa.
Kyakkyawan matsayi.
Na gode.
Hakan ma ya faru da ni a wasu lokutan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, musamman ma da CD daga tsoffin diski (Ubuntu 6.04, Fedora 8), ina ganin yawanci saboda tsarin bayanan iso ne da yadda ake yin su a cikin USB ta amfani da umarnin dd . Daga sauran, dd yayi mani abubuwan al'ajabi tare da ISOs kamar Arch, Debian, Slackware ko Gentoo.
Yakamata yayi post game da bangare, yadda ake rabewa da lamuran da suka danganci girka abubuwa. Lokacin da za'a iya sake raba bangare kuma idan ba haka ba.
Na gode da sharhinku da na yi tunani game da shi tun ranar Juma'a, amma ina tsammanin ya wuce batun. Kamar dai lokacin da nake da lokaci zan haɗu da matsayi na al'ada akan wannan batun :).
Kyakkyawan koyawa, kamar yadda marubucin ya ce ... zai ba da sakamako iri ɗaya ga duka? Aƙalla ni daga umarnin dmesg | wutsiya, yana ba da wani sakamako kuma na'urar USB ta bayyana tana da kariya; An saka shi kawai-kawai, saboda haka ya ce a cikin tashar kuma ba zan iya ci gaba ba.
@demo, da dmesg | wutsiya zata banbanta ga kowa, ba dukkanmu muke da kayan aiki iri ɗaya ba, kwaya da distro. Amma game da kebul na kariya mai kariya, wannan baƙon abu bane, galibi idan na ga hakan, saboda saboda kebul ɗin USB suna da ɗan maɓallin jiki kaɗan don hakan, ko kuma sun lalata firmware.
Na sami wannan:
# fdisk -l
Disk / dev / sda: 100.0 GB, 100030242816 bytes
Shugabannin 255, bangarori 63 / waƙa, silinda 12161, 195371568 XNUMX sassa XNUMX baki ɗaya
Raka'a = 1 * 512 sassa = 512 bytes
Girman yanki (mai ma'ana / ta zahiri): baiti 512 / baiti 512
Girman I / O (mafi karanci / mafi kyau duka): baiti 512 / baiti 512
ID na Disk: 0x0008451b
Na'urar Fara Fara Karshen Tubalan Id System
/ dev / sda1 * 2048 191197183 95597568 83 Linux
/ dev / sda2 191199230 195371007 2085889 5 Tsawaita
/ dev / sda5 191199232 195371007 2085888 82 Linux musayar / Solaris
Disk / dev / sdb: 7862 MB, 7862353920 bytes
Shugabannin 242, bangarori 62 / waƙa, silinda 1023, 15356160 XNUMX sassa XNUMX baki ɗaya
Raka'a = 1 * 512 sassa = 512 bytes
Girman yanki (mai ma'ana / ta zahiri): baiti 512 / baiti 512
Girman I / O (mafi karanci / mafi kyau duka): baiti 512 / baiti 512
ID na Disk: 0x00000000
Disk / dev / sdb ba ya ƙunsar ingantaccen teburin bangare
#
Tare da umarnin sudo fdisk -l / dev / sda, ba da wannan:
$ sudo fdisk -l / dev / sda
Disk / dev / sda: 100.0 GB, 100030242816 bytes
Shugabannin 255, bangarori 63 / waƙa, silinda 12161, 195371568 XNUMX sassa XNUMX baki ɗaya
Raka'a = 1 * 512 sassa = 512 bytes
Girman yanki (mai ma'ana / ta zahiri): baiti 512 / baiti 512
Girman I / O (mafi karanci / mafi kyau duka): baiti 512 / baiti 512
ID na Disk: 0x0008451b
Na'urar Fara Fara Karshen Tubalan Id System
/ dev / sda1 * 2048 191197183 95597568 83 Linux
/ dev / sda2 191199230 195371007 2085889 5 Tsawaita
/ dev / sda5 191199232 195371007 2085888 82 Linux musayar / Solaris
$
Bayan ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin don hawa USB da aiwatar da umarnin dmesg | wutsiya, yana fitar da wannan:
$ dmesg | wutsiya
[340.659042] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Babu Samu Shafin Yanayin Caching
[340.659051] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Da zato keɓaɓɓiyar ɓoye: rubuta ta
[340.665044] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Babu Samu Shafin Yanayin Caching
[340.665056] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Da zato keɓaɓɓiyar ɓoye: rubuta ta
[340.686186] sdb: ba a san teburin bangare ba
[340.688919] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Babu Samu Shafin Yanayin Caching
[340.688929] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Da zato keɓaɓɓiyar ɓoye: rubuta ta
[340.688937] sd 3: 0: 0: 0: [sdb] Haɗa SCSI disk mai cirewa
[340.936773] ISO 9660 Fadada: Microsoft Joliet Level 3
[340.938020] ISO 9660 Fadada: RRIP_1991A
$
Wannan shine wurin da na ɓace kuma ba zan iya ci gaba da sauran umarnin ba, misali:
# hawa / dev / sdb / mnt / USB
Dutsen: toshe na'urar / dev / sdb an rubuta kariya; firam kawai-karanta
Kuma wannan wani umarni:
# dd idan = ~ / image.iso na = / dev / sdb
dd: Ba za a iya buɗe "/root/imagen.iso": Fayil ko kundin adireshi babu
#
@demo Shin kana saita adireshin hoto na .iso kenan? Dangane da sakon da kuka sanya, hoton yana cikin "/root/imagen.iso", wanda yake son sani. Hakanan ya buge ni cewa ana kiran fayil ɗin "imagen.iso".
Idan kana son sanya bututun na'urar to dolene ka sanya adireshin da sunan fayil din. Bari mu ce kuna cikin "Saukewa" kuma ana kiran fayil ɗin "Fedora20.iso". To lallai ne ku buga shi kamar haka:
dd idan = / gida / mai amfani / Saukewa / Fedora20.iso na = / dev / sdb
Yaya game da José R.
Idan kun tsayar da abin da marubucin ya fallasa, to bai dace da sakamakon da tashar ta nuna ba duk da bin umarnin ta mataki-mataki, a cikin umarnin dmesg | wutsiya, yana ba da wani sakamako, kuma daga can, sauran sakamako suna farawa, cewa USB yana da kariya-kariya, kuma a ƙasa cewa fayil ɗin ko kundin adireshin babu. A cikin wasu USB, duk da rikodin hoton iso DVD akan ƙwaƙwalwar USB tare da wasu shirye-shirye - ba zai iya fallasa halittun PC ɗin ba kodayake an tsara bios ɗin don USB ɗin ya fara farko.
@demo Abinda ya faru shine cewa marubucin labarin yana sanya umarnin, amma mai amfani dole ne ya canza su gwargwadon buƙatun su. Misali, daga umarnin "fdisk" na farko sakamakon zai zama daban saboda mai yiwuwa kana da wani suna na daban da aka sanya maka rabe-rabenka ko rumbun kwamfutarka fiye da marubucin. Wannan umarnin shine a gare ku don ganin wanene ɗayan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku kuma, daga wannan, shigar da sauran bayanan.
Dokoki na gaba da kuka sanya sune "Mount" da "umount". A cikin ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin tare da "mkdir" Ina tsammanin ba ku da matsala. Wataƙila matsalar ta kasance yayin hawa ta saboda watakila ba su da irin wannan rabon raka'o'in. A can yakamata ku nemo menene kuma ku rubuta shi. Marubucin ya ce "sdx" ne a matsayin misali, amma a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku na iya zama "sda1", "sda2", da dai sauransu.
Umurnin «dmesg | wutsiya »ba zai fito daidai da marubucin ba, tunda kawai layuka goma na ƙarshe sun nuna cewa buffer ɗin kernel ya yi, kuma a kan dukkan kwamfutoci ya bambanta, tunda suna da ayyuka daban-daban. Wannan umarnin shine kawai don tabbatar da cewa tsarin ya gano ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. A zahiri, zaku iya tsallake matakin hawa dutse: kusan duk disros ɗin suna hawa kai tsaye.
Tun daga wannan dole ne ku bi umarni ɗaya tare da canje-canje daban-daban ga umarnin, gyare-gyaren da suka shafi na'urorinku da hotonku na .iso.
Na gode.
@ José R. Kun fahimci manufar sosai 😀 godiya ga tsayawa ta hanyar.
@demo Ba zaku taba samun kama na ba, saboda muna da kayan aiki daban, software daban, rarrabewa daban ... Manufar shine a nuna wurin, ba wai in fada muku hanyar da zaku bi ba.
Game da dmesg | wutsiya kawai za ta nuna saƙonnin kwaya; A zahiri, wannan matakin ba lallai bane don ɗora USB, yana can don sabbi su san daga ina ake nuna duk saƙonnin kwaya.
Kyakkyawan Koyawa!
Na shiga cikin buƙatar koyaswa akan rabe-raben tunda tunda ya faru dani cewa BABU KYAUTA tare da dd kuma ina tsammanin ya fito ne daga gefen rabuwa naúrar.
Ba ya bayyana gare ni, lokacin da na zuwa sdb (drive) ko zuwa sdb1 (bangare)
Gaisuwa da barka da juma'a!
Edreg
Lokacin da kake amfani da sdb ba tare da tantance sashin ba zaka yi amfani da dukkanin naúrar, don haka idan kana da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta 8 GB kuma ka sanya hoto na 4 GB, sauran 4 ba su da amfani (ba madawwami ba).
Godiya ga amsa!
A ranar Asabar na so in sanya "puppy linux" a cikin usb tare da dd kuma babu wani lamari ... Dole ne in ɗaga shi a cikin rumfa na vm kuma daga can sai zaɓi "shigar a cikin usb" (ko wani abu makamancin haka), kuma a can ya tafi ba tare da matsaloli ba.
Baƙon abu ne ... ba ya faruwa da DUK iso, kamar yadda na faɗi a baya, ɗayan daga Win 8, Na sami damar gina mai sakawa daga USB.
Na gode!
Ina son "Terminal Juma'a"
Abin sani kawai mummunan shine game da dd shine bashi da sandar ajiya ko wani abu makamancin haka.
Amma zaku iya gwada wani abu kamar wannan da na ganshi a wani wuri ku rubuta shi don kar in rasa shi. (Aƙalla kan Debian Distros yana aiki)
pgrep -l '^dd'watch -n 10 kill -USR1 11132ko ta girka umarnin "pv"
pv -tpreb /dev/sda | dd of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror(pv -n /dev/sda | dd of=/dev/sdb bs=128M conv=notrunc,noerror) 2>&1 | dialog --gauge "Running dd command (cloning), please wait..." 10 70 0Tabbas akwai ƙarin haɗuwa, amma hey zan bar muku wanda nake da shi idan yana aiki ga wani.
gaisuwa
Ni Gil ne, kawai na gani:
https://blog.desdelinux.net/tip-comando-dd-con-barra-de-progreso/
Cewa komai ya zama dole kuma anyi bayani mafi kyau, amma tunda ban sani ba ko ba zan iya share bayanin ba, zan bayyana shi anan. Ala kulli hal, duk wanda zai iya share su.
Na gode da bayaninka, na yi farin ciki cewa kuna son sakon na 😀 kuna da gaskiya saboda umarni ne mai matukar shiru, na gode sosai da shawarwarin. 🙂
Na yi amfani da shi sau da yawa don ƙirƙirar USBs masu ɗorawa, kuma yana da amfani da gaske shigar Arch a kan littafin rubutu na da leken DVD mai kara le
Hahaha yana da matukar taimako 😀 akwai lokacin da nake da kusan CD 50 tare da ditres daban-daban har sai na sadu dd 🙂 kodayake har yanzu ina amfani da shi, Ina da tsohuwar pc (2005) da ba ta goyi bayan USB-boot: D.
Tambayar da ba ta wuce gona da iri ba wacce nake fatan ba zan wahalar da kowa ba ... Shin akwai wanda ya san sunan wannan asalin a cikin hotunan tashar jirgin? Na gode…
Wane ne ya fi ni dacewa in amsa wannan 🙂 Rubutun shine Terminus. Godiya da tsayawa ta 🙂
Na gode sosai don amsa! Na riga na neman shi! 🙂
Kullum ina karanta yawancin rubutun blog tunda gabaɗaya duk suna da ban sha'awa. Ci gaba a wannan hanyar!
Wata tambayar kuma wacce take bani sha'awa, me yasa idan nayi tsokaci sai ya zama daga GNU / Linux ne amma wasu sun fito daga ainihin wane rarraba?
Wasu misalan dd suna amfani da umarnin bb bisa kuskure. A bayyane yake bb akwai amma don wani abu ne, Ina ba da shawarar shigar da shi. Tare da dd yana aiki lafiya
Kayi daidai kayi hakuri kuskuren mai amfani ne hahaha yana da dd babu bb An sakar min; Shin wani edita zai iya gyara wannan abin firgita?
Me ya kamata a gyara? Wada, zai yi kyau idan kun kasance tare da mu a Trello (idan ba ku riga kun shiga ba) .. 😉
Lambobin alamun biyu na ƙarshe maimakon "dd" amfani da "bb" hahaha kuma tabbas zan kasance a can ɗan lokaci zan yi rajista 🙂
Ban taɓa samun damar saka usb tare da # mount mnt / USB ba, koyaushe yana wasa tare da # sudo mount / dev / sdb1 kuma dole in shiga usr / share / media / devicename: /
Mawallafi: Shin kun san ko akwai aikin sarrafa kai na ofishi don layin umarni da ke aiki a buɗa rubutun .odt, da / ko .docx?
Shin kun san idan FBCMD ya riga ya fara aiki don shiga facebook, na gwada komai kuma ban iya ba (tare da sigar 3.0, 1.0 idan tana aiki amma ba a saka ta ba), yanzu haka na sami damar shiga tattaunawar fb ta hanyar finch.
Yaya baƙon al'amarinku, menene distro kuke amfani dashi?
Gaskiyar ita ce ban san wani abu mai kama da shi ba tunda an tsara abin da ba daidai ba kuma a cikin m, zai yi wahala gyara da / ko karatu duk da cewa akwai aikace-aikacen da suke kwaikwayon editan rubutu, amma don haka muna da Vim 😀
Game da tambayarka ta uku, zan iya gaya maka cewa ba na amfani da Facebook 🙁 don haka ban san shi kwata-kwata ba.