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Ba kamar Windows da MS-DOS ba, a cikin Linux, ban da rashin samun aikin wasiƙa -a B C D E: - don disk disk da partitions, kuna buƙatar gaya wa tsarin lokacin da za a yi amfani da diski mai cirewa don samun damarta da kuma lokacin da za a dakatar da shi don a cire shi kuma a sauya shi. Da zarar an saita rumbunan diski a cikin tsarin, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu hanyoyi da gajerun hanyoyi don hawa su da sauri da kuma cire su. |
Shirye-shirye don hawa
Kafin hawa bangare, dole ne mu ƙirƙiri babban fayil inda za mu hau shi. Yawancin lokaci ana yin shi a ciki / rabi / (/ mnt a cikin wasu rarrabawa), saboda haka yana da kyau mu ƙirƙira shi a can:
sudo mkdir / media / lalala
Ina
Idan tsarin fayil na bangare wanda zamu hau shine NTFS (amfani da tsarin aiki Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Media Center, Windows 2003 Server, Windows Vista da Windows 2007 Server), to ana bada shawara shigarwa mai kula ntfs-3g ku domin samun rubutaccen tallafi akan wannan bangare:
ƙwarewar sudo shigar ntfs-3g
Idan maimakon haka tsarin fayil din shine UFS2 (wanda akasarin tsarin aiki ke amfani dashi bisa BSD, ta yaya NetBSD, OpenBSD, FreeBSD da dangogin sa), to kafin hawa bangare sai mu loda tsarin kwaya zuwa ƙwaƙwalwa ufs:
sudo modprobe ufs
Don guje wa ɗaukar shi duk lokacin da tsarin ya fara, za mu iya shirya fayil ɗin / sauransu / kayayyaki:
gksudo gedit / sauransu / kayayyaki
Kuma ƙara layin mai zuwa kafin 'madauki':
ufs
Mountara hawa bangare
Yanzu za mu hau bangare a cikin fayil ɗin da aka kirkira. Wannan yana nufin cewa abubuwan da ke cikin bangare zasu bayyana a cikin wannan fayil ɗin. Umurnin hawa diski da / ko bangare shine Dutsen, kuma ana amfani dashi kamar haka:
$ sudo dutsen -t tsarin fayil [ko zažužžukan] / dev /bangare mount_ fayil
Ya kamata a lura cewa idan kuskure ya auku yayin hawa, ba za a sami matsala ga bayanan bangare ba, ba za a ɗora shi ba.
Sigogi
Ma'anar sigogin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin umarnin Dutsen Su ne masu biyowa:
- tsarin fayil: shine tsarin fayil na bangare; na iya zama vfat (FAT16 y FAT32), ntfs (NTFS) ko ufs (UFS y UFS2); akwai wasu ƙimomin da za su iya yiwuwa, amma ba a rufe su a cikin wannan labarin ba. Ee haka ne ufs, to dole ne mu nuna tilascin nuna zabin ro y ufstype (na karshen idan akwai UFS2).
- Zaɓuɓɓuka: sune zaɓuɓɓukan dutsen, yana iya ɗaukar fiye da ɗaya ƙima, a lokacin idan aka raba ƙimar da wakafi (,). Wasu dabi'u masu yiwuwa sune madaukai (tsoffin dabi'u), ro (Karanta Kawai, ma'ana, Karanta Kawai) kuma ufstype (don tantance nau'in tsarin fayil na UFS, idan anyi amfani da wannan); idan ba a bayyana takamaiman zaɓuɓɓuka ba, za mu iya rubutawa madaukai, ko watsi da wannan ma'aunin gaba ɗaya (kuma cire -o daga gaba). A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi amfani da wannan ma'aunin ne kawai don hawa bangare UFS y UFS2, kuma don hawa a farkon tsarin (duba taken Haɗawa a farawa tsarin).
- bangare: shine mai gano bangaran da zamu hau; na iya zama cikawa idan ana zama faifai HERE o ATAko sdX, Y idan akwai SATA; da X shine harafin rumbun diski (a na farko, b na biyu, da sauransu) da kuma Y shine lambar bangare (1 na farko, 2 na biyu, da sauransu). Idan muna son sanin sunan rabe-raben da muke dasu akan kwamfutar, kawai aiwatar da wannan umarnin:
$sudo fdisk -l
- mount_folder: shine babban jakar da za'a saka bangaran, ma'ana, inda bayanai (fayiloli da manyan fayiloli) na bangare zasu bayyana; a mafi yawan lokuta yana ciki / rabi /, kodayake yana iya zama ko'ina kuma (duba taken Shirye-shirye don hawa).
Misali na musamman
Don hawa bangare FAT16 o FAT32:
sudo Mount -t vfat / dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil
Don hawa bangare NTFS:
sudo Mount -t ntfs / dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil
Don hawa bangare UFS:
sudo mount -t ufs -o ro / dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil
Don hawa bangare UFS2:
sudo mount -t ufs -o ro, ufstype = ufs2 / dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil
Don hawa bangare inda Ubuntu yake:
sudo Mount / dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil
Haɗawa a farawa tsarin
Da zarar mun sami damar hawa bangare, zai ci gaba da hauhawa yayin da tsarin ke gudana. Lokacin da muka sake kunnawa ko kashe kwamfutar, dole ne mu sake raba bangare. Idan muna son a sanya shi a duk lokacin da muka fara tsarin, zamu buƙaci gyara fayil ɗin / sauransu / fstab:
$ sudo gedit / sauransu / fstab
Anan anyi amfani dashi gEdit, amma ana iya amfani da kowane editan rubutu, kamar su Nano o Vim. Yana da dace don amfani gksudo o kdesu maimakon sudo don fara edita a yanayin zane; na farko na tebur ne GNOME na biyu kuma domin KDE.
Da zarar fayil ɗin ya buɗe, dole ne mu canza layin da zai fara tare da ganowa na ɓangaren da muka ɗora (/ dev / hdXY o / dev / sdXY) by masu zuwa:
/ dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil tsarin fayil zažužžukan 0 0
Idan babu irin wannan layin, za mu ƙara shi zuwa ƙarshen fayil ɗin.
Maganganun daidai suke da lokacin da muke amfani da umarnin Dutsen. Anan, idan a cikin zaɓuɓɓuka ba muyi amfani da kowane ƙima ba, dole ne mu rubuta madaukai, kuma zamu sami wani abu kamar haka:
/ dev /bangare / rabi /mount_ fayil tsarin fayil Predefinicióts 0 0
Idan bangare ne FAT16 o FAT32 kuma ba ya mana amfani madaukai, zamu iya gwada zaɓuka masu zuwa:
auto, masu amfani, exec, umask = 000
Predefinicións, rw, mai amfani, atomatik, umask = 0
Tare da na baya, karanta, rubuta da aiwatar da izini ana ba dukkan masu amfani. Idan muna son takaita wadannan izini kawai ga wani rukuni na masu amfani (misali: users), zaɓuɓɓukan yakamata su zama kamar wannan:
Predefinicións, rw, mai amfani, atomatik, umask = 007, gid =rukuni 0 0
Ina rukuni ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da rukunin mai amfani, misali, users.
A ƙarshe, idan da kowane dalili ba a gano wasu haruffa da kyau (kamar wasiƙar ñ), dole ne mu ƙara zaɓi mai zuwa tare da sauran waɗanda ake amfani da su, don canza taswirar halin:
iocharset = utf8
Misali, layi zai iya zama kamar wannan:
da
Don hawa duk na'urorin da aka jera a cikin fayil ɗin / sauransu / fstab dole ne mu aiwatar da umarni mai zuwa a cikin m:
sudo mount - a
Da wannan mun riga mun sanya bangaranmu a kowane lokaci Ubuntu ya fara.
Irƙiri mai ƙaddamar zuwa bangare
Da zarar mun girka bangare, sai mu tabbatar da cewa wani lokacin zai iya zama mara dadi don samun damar babban fayil koyaushe / kafofin watsa labarai / hdXY (ko abin da muka kayyade), don magance wannan zamu iya yin abubuwa biyu:
- Createirƙiri alamar ƙaddamar a cikin babban fayil ɗinmu home ko a wani babban fayil
- Irƙiri gunki a kan tebur wanda ke jagorantarmu zuwa babban fayil ɗin hawa
Misali mai ƙaddamarwa a / gida
Zaɓin farko shine ƙirƙirar mai ƙaddamar da alama (suna kama da gajerun hanyoyi na Windows), misali a cikin jakarmu ta sirri home. Tare da wannan zamu sami damar shiga bangare daga wannan babban fayil ɗin kuma ba tare da kwafin bayanan ba.
Muna rubuta layi mai zuwa a cikin m:
$ ln -s / kafofin watsa labarai /mount_ fayil / gida /mai amfani/jakar_da_darwa
Ina mount_ fayil shine babban fayil dinda muke hawa bangare, mai amfani
Alamar kan tebur
Idan abin da muke so shine ƙirƙirar gunki a kan tebur, dole ne muyi waɗannan masu zuwa:
A cikin GNOME
- Muna nuna menu na mahallin tebur (maɓallin linzamin dama)
- Mun zaɓi zaɓi Linkirƙiri hanyar haɗi
- Mun zabi nau'in Lissafi
- Mun cika filayen fanko tare da bayanan da ake buƙata
- Mun yarda da mahaɗin don ƙirƙirar shi
A cikin KDE
- Muna nuna menu na mahallin tebur (maɓallin linzamin dama)
- Mun zaɓi zaɓi Irƙiri Sabuwar -> Haɗa zuwa Na'ura -> Hard Drive
- A cikin Gaba ɗaya shafin, muna rubuta sunan gunkin
- A cikin shafin Na'ura, za mu rubuta mai gano ɓangaren (/ dev / hdXY)
- Mun yarda da mahaɗin don ƙirƙirar shi
Rarraba bangare
Idan da wani dalili da kake so ka kwance bangare, kawai sai ka rubuta wannan a ciki m:
sudo zuwa babban fayil
Ina babban fayil shine wurin jaka inda aka saka bangare (misali: / ma'ana / hdaX).
Source: Jagoran Ubuntu
Na gode sosai don shafin yanar gizonku, ya kasance da amfani a gare ni.
Marabanku! Godiya ga karfafawa!
Rungumewa! Bulus.
Shin zaka iya hawa bangare a cikin babban fayil a gidanka (misali, Takardu) tare da layi a cikin fstab? Na gwada kuma ko dai ya bani kuskure lokacin fara linux, ko kuma bai hau komai ba. Shin ba zai yiwu ba?
A ka'ida ya kamata ya yiwu. Za a iya wuce mana layin fstab din da kuke amfani da shi?
Murna! Bulus.
Sannu, Pablo:
Layin da nake amfani dashi don hawa a fstab shine:
/ dev / sda3 / gida / jose / Takardu ntfs tsoffin lambobi 0 0
Da kyau, tsarin ya maye gurbin sunan babban fayil ɗin «Takardu» tare da sunan lambar ƙara ta naúrar, wacce aka ɗora amma babu komai. Idan maimakon haka sai na sanya shi a wani kundin adireshi p. tsohon. / kafofin watsa labarai / bayanai, yana aiki daidai.
Na gode.
Shin kun tabbatar da cewa wannan layin yana bayan wanda akayi amfani dashi don hawa bangaranku na GIDA (idan kuna da daya) ??? Gwada sanya wannan layin ƙarshe, a ƙasa da sauran layukan da suka ɗora na'urorin / ɓangarorin daban-daban akan tsarinku.
Murna! Bulus.
Haka ne, yana da ƙarshe, bayan loda ɓangaren gida da canzawa.
Don haka da gaske ban sani ba. A ka'ida ina ganin ya kamata yayi aiki cikakke. Abinda kawai ya buge ni shine cewa layin fstab dina duk sun ƙare a 0 1, kuma naku ya ƙare da 0 0. Ban tabbata ba amma wataƙila hakan yana da alaƙa da shi.
Murna! Bulus.
Na duba a cikin litattafan kuma zaɓi na ƙarshe yana da alaƙa da tsarin dubawa idan akwai sake farawa ... da kyau, na gwada tare da wasu ƙimomin kuma ba ya aiki. Duk da haka dai, godiya ga taimako.
gaisuwa
A sashin sigogi ba ku sanya sunaye ba
Na gode! Ina ji tuni na gyara shi. 🙂
Zan yi matukar godiya idan za ku iya amsa tambayata kai tsaye.
Ina da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta HP inda aka girka Windows XP da Ubuntu 14.04. Ina cikin aikin hijira zuwa Linux kuma wannan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ba don amfanin kaina ba ne.
Tambayata ita ce idan har zan iya ƙirƙirar bangare daga Linux wanda za'a iya gani daga baya ta windows. Manufata ita ce in yi amfani da wannan bangare a matsayin yanki na aiki gama gari, inda zan iya ajiye fayilolin da aka yi aiki kuma wannan ana iya ganin su ta tsarin aiki duka.
Ya ɗauki aiki da yawa don girka UBUNTU 14.04 saboda katin zane kuma na manta in nemi ƙirƙirar yanki na kowa. Ina godiya a gaba taimakon wannan tambayar.
Barka dai Dauda!
Tabbas zai iya. Don ƙirƙirar filin "gama gari" kamar yadda kuka kira shi, duk abin da za ku yi shine ƙirƙirar ɓoye a cikin tsarin ntfs ko fat32. 4angarorin extXNUMX "marasa ganuwa" ne ga Windows (sai dai idan kuna amfani da shiri na musamman).
Murna! Bulus.
Ya ƙaunataccen Pablo. Na gode sosai da amsa mai sauri.
Da fatan za a iya bayyanawa kaɗan? Ta yaya zan kirkiri wancan bangare? tare da Gparted?
Yana nufin zan raba yanki na disk ɗin Linux ko yankin faifan windows, dama?
Idan za ayi amfani da gparted, don Allah a fada min, a matsayin sabon shiga, yadda ya kamata nayi.
Ina tsammanin cewa ba zan sami asarar bayanai ba (ko shirye-shirye) a cikin tsarin ba, dama?
Na lura daga Gparted cewa ina da yanki "ext4" tare da "/" na 55.24 GiB tare da amfani da 7.30 GiB. wannan al'ada ce ??
Na gode sosai.
David
Sannu david! Duba, abu mafi sauki shi ne cewa ba komai. 🙂
Ba da gaske ba. Desde Linux Ya kamata ku sami damar shiga fayilolinku na Windows ba tare da matsala ba kuma daga Windows, a fili, ya kamata ku sami damar shiga su.
Shin bangare na Windows yana bayyana lokacin da ka fara tsarin? Ina nufin, za ku ga abin da a cikin Windows za ku kira C: \?
Idan ba haka ba, to duk damuwar ka ta sauka zuwa hawa wancan bangare (wanda aka sanya Windows a kansa). Shi ne mafi sauki kuma mafi sauri.
Saboda wannan, Ina ba da shawarar ka karanta waɗannan bayanan masu zuwa (kodayake ɗaya ya isa):
https://blog.desdelinux.net/montar-una-particion-ntfs-o-fat32-al-arrancar-ubuntu/
https://blog.desdelinux.net/como-montar-hdds-o-particiones-mediante-terminal/
https://blog.desdelinux.net/con-fstab-como-montar-automaticamente-una-particion-ntfs/
https://blog.desdelinux.net/auto-montar-particiones-con-fstab/
https://blog.desdelinux.net/como-auto-montar-particiones-al-inicio-la-forma-facil/
https://blog.desdelinux.net/como-montar-una-particion-en-linux/
Murna! Bulus.
Barka dai, taya murna akan wannan rukunin yanar gizo tare da irin wadannan bayyanannun umarnin. amma a wannan lokacin ban sami amsar ba. Ina gaya muku:
Ni dan Linux ne, tun fiye da shekaru 3 da suka gabata na kawar da winsuck, amma nayi nesa da zama gwani, kuma matsalar da ke gaba misali ce mai kyau. Da fatan zaku iya taimaka min:
Na yi amfani da Ubuntu da Lubuntu tunda na san Linux. Yanzu na yanke shawarar zuwa gaba kadan in gwada Ubuntu 14.04, Elementary OS da PepperMint duk a kan karamin mini HP wanda ya kasance babbar taska.
Gaskiyar ita ce ban kasance a hannun inda zan ajiye fayiloli na na kaina da ke cikin wani bangare na daban da aka yi a FAT32 ba, kuma na yanke shawarar sake kasadar sake rabuwa don shigar da 3 da aka ambata Distros ba tare da tsara duk faifan ba.
Na karanta kamar yadda na zata ya zama dole a kan batun kuma na gabatar da kaina a matsayin mai kasada mara kima… ..amma wani abu ya faru ba daidai ba kuma ba zan iya isa ga sda3 bangare inda fayiloli na suke ba saboda yana cewa GParted cewa bashi da tsarin fayil da aka sani. kuma tare da sudo blkid ba ma aiko min da amsa.
Lokacin da na raba gida na yi share fage 3 da tsawaita daya da dabaru 2 a ciki. Yi amfani da ext4 kuma a bayyane yake SWAP. Amma KADA KA canza tsarin fayil daga wanda yake FAT32 don kar a share shi ko lalata shi.
Zuwa yanzu na girka Ubuntu 14.04 kawai akan: sda1 primary ext4 / boot
Ina tsammanin to tambaya ita ce: Ta yaya zan iya sani ko sanya fayil ɗin fayil zuwa sda3 don hawa shi kuma in sami dama ga takadduna, MUSIC, hotuna, da dai sauransu? Shin Testdisk ya taimake ni a wannan yanayin? Shin zan sake shigar da Ubuntu? 14.04 don sake -sashi kuma canza wani abu a cikin wannan aikin?
Ina fatan na bayyana kaina a bayyane kuma zan iya taimaka min, a matsayin ɗayan dalilan da ya sa Linux ke burge ni shine yiwuwar ƙoƙari, kuskure da koyo tare da taimakon irin wannan babbar al'umma ta Linuxeros masu sha'awar.
Na gode a gaba.
Hello.
Menene bambanci tsakanin wannan hanyar da ke amfani da layin / dev / sdx don saita ɓangaren hawa tare da wanda ke amfani da sigar UUID = XXXXXXXXXX?
Na ga cewa fstab na na amfani da na karshen.
Na gode.
Tare da UUID, tsarin yana amfani da maɓallin ganowa na musamman don kowane bangare lokacin hawa. Wannan hanyar ta fi kyau ta amfani da / dev / sdX tunda na karshen yana da kuzari kuma yana canzawa gwargwadon yadda na'urar ta gano kwayar. Canje-canje a cikin kwaya ko udev na iya karya wannan makircin, yayin da tare da UUID wannan ba ya faruwa, kuma shine dalilin da yasa suke amfani da shi.
Barka dai, ya kake?
bayan hawa bangare wanda nake dashi a cikin / dev / sda4 a / data
Ta yaya zan ƙirƙiri mai ƙaddamar a wancan wurin motsi?
bayyana a cikin mai binciken tare da sauran masu tafiyar?
alheri Ina amfani da FEDORA 22
hello kuma yaya zaka yi tare da bangare mac hfs + daga ubuntu don karantawa da kuma samun damar shiga wadannan fayilolin, ba za ka iya shiga mac kawai daga ubuntu ba shin akwai wata hanyar da za a kwafa wannan faifan don karatu da rubutu nan gaba a cikin ubuntu?