Yaya za a san idan HDD ɗinku yana da mummunan ɓangarori ko kuma cikin ƙoshin lafiya?

Ba da dadewa na yi magana da ku game da yadda auna aikin HDD a cikin LinuxYana da ma'ana cewa idan rubutu yana da jinkiri sosai (800kb ko wani abu makamancin haka) tabbas HDD yana da matsala, amma wannan ba ita ce hanyar da za a san ta ba.

SMART

Menene ainihin SMARTda kyau, a cewar Wikipedia:

Fasaha KYAUTA, gajeruwa Nazarin Kula da Kai da Fasaha, ya kunshi ikon gano gazawar na diski mai kwakwalwa. Gano gazawar saman wuri da wuri yana bawa mai amfani damar yin kwafin abubuwan da ke ciki, ko maye gurbin faifai, kafin asarar data da ba za a iya sakewa ba.

Watau, shekarun baya mun san cewa wani HDD yana da matsala lokacin da ya daina aiki, lokacin da ya makara kuma muka rasa bayanai, amma a yau mun yi sa'a ba ma buƙatar yin hakan, za mu iya sanin lokacin da faifan ya fara gazawa, sannan ya adana na bayanai.

Yaya ake aiki tare da SMART akan Linux?

Mu da muke amfani da Linux muna da kayan aiki cikakke don tashar: annasamakanka

Don sanya shi a kunne ArchLinux zai zama:

sudo pacman -S smartmontools

A cikin diski kamar Debian, Ubuntu ko Kalam:

sudo apt-get install smartmontools

Da zarar an shigar da shi dole ne mu tabbatar idan an kunna SMART akan HDD:

sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda

Ya kamata ku sami wani abu kamar haka:

Wannan yana nufin cewa an kunna shi.

Idan An kunna baya BA fita, ma'ana, idan ba'a kunna shi ba, zaku iya kunna shi kamar haka:

sudo smartctl -s on -d ata /dev/sda

Yadda ake bincika lafiyar HDD tare da bayanai daga SMART?

Manufar ita ce a yi gwaji (daya gajere daya kuma mai tsawo) zuwa HDD, sannan a duba kundin kuskuren, don haka za mu san idan tana da kurakurai, menene su, kuma idan za mu yi sauri don adana bayanan.

Don yin gajeren gwaji (yana ɗaukar minti 1) shine:

sudo smartctl -t short /dev/sda

Don yin dogon gwajin:

sudo smartctl -t long /dev/sda

Ina ba da shawarar duba kuskuren kuskure tsakanin kowane gwaji, saboda wannan zai zama:

sudo smartctl -l error /dev/sda

Idan rumbun kwamfutar yana da cikakkiyar lafiya zasu sami wannan:

Yaya zai yi kyau idan HDD yana da matsaloli?

Idan rumbun diski yana da matsaloli to yayin aiwatar da umarnin da ke sama, aikin zai zama daidai da wannan:

smartctl 6.3 2014-07-26 r3976 [x86_64-linux-3.18.5-1-ARCH] (ginin gida) Hakkin mallaka (C) 2002-14, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === FARA KARANTA SASUN DATA SATA === SMART sakamakon gwajin kai-tsaye na lafiyar-jiki: KASHE Don Allah a lura da halaye masu iyaka masu zuwa: ID # ATTRIBUTE_NAME TATTAFIN KYAUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA LOKACIN DA_FAILED RAW_VALUE 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 044 033 045 Oldage Always KASAWA YANZU 56 (96 110 58 25)

Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai zaku iya amfani da wannan umarnin:

sudo smartctl --attributes --log=selftest /dev/sda

Wanne zai nuna fitarwa kwatankwacin wannan, Nace kwatankwacin ba ɗaya bane saboda a bayyane yake yana da ɗan wahala ga rumbun kwamfutoci biyu su kasa daidai da hehe:

smartctl 6.3 2014-07-26 r3976 [x86_64-linux-3.18.5-1-ARCH] (ginin gida) Hakkin mallaka (C) 2002-14, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === FARA KARANTA Smart DATA SASHE === Smart Halayen Data Structure bita lamba: 10 siyar Specific Smart Halayen da ƙofofi: ID # ATTRIBUTE_NAME tutar VALUE m sussuke irin sabunta WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 098 092 006 Pre-failTime 238320363 3 0 0003 Pre-kasa 100 100 Koyaushe-000 0 Pre-failT 4 Koyaushe-0 Pre-failTime 0032 100 100 020 587 Pre-kasa-Up 5 Pre-kasa Koyaushe - 0 0033 Start_Stop_Count 100x100 036 9 7 Old_age Koyaushe - 0 000 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 077x060 030 51672328 9 Pre-kasa Koyaushe - 0 0032 Nemi_Rarrabar_Rate 095x095f 000 4805 10 Pre-gazawa Kullum - 0 0013 Power_On_Hours 100 - 100 097 0 12 0 0032 100 100 020 586 Spin_Retry_Count 184x0 0032 100 100 Pre-kasa Koyaushe - 099 0 Power_Cycle_Count 187x0 0032 001 001 000 Tsohon Shafin Kullum - 417 188 Ba a San_Sai ba 0x0032 100 099 000 Tsoffin Shafin Kullum - 4295032833 189 An Ruwaito_ Ba daidai ba 0x003 094 094 000 Old_age Kullum - 6 190 Ba a San shi baAtribute 0x0022 044 033 045 Tsoho_Kullum - XNUMX XNUMX High_age Kullum_Rubuta XNUMXxXNUMXa XNUMXxXNUMXa XNUMXxXNUMXa XNUMXxXNUMXa XNUMXxXNUMXa na XNUMXxXNUMXa na XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX Tsohuwar_kullum   KASAWA YANZU 56 (96 122 58 25) 194 Zazzabi_Celsius 0x0022 056 067 000 Tsohon Shafin Kullum - 56 (0 23 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 043 026 000 Tsohon Shafin Kullum - 238320363 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Koyaushe - 49 198 0 Old_Un0010 layi - 100 100 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 000x49e 199 0 003 Old_age Koyaushe - 200 200 Head_Flying_Hours 000x0 240 0 0000 Old_age layi - 100 253 Unknown_Attribute 000x172082159686339 241 0 0000 Old_age layi - 100 253 000 2155546016 Revision_Attribute Structure 242 0 0000 100 Unknown-253 000 Old bita Smart-3048586928 gwajin line SMART_Attribute 1 1 layi bita XNUMX Unknown-bita tsarin XNUMXxXNUMX Testline XNUMX Unknown -Attribute XNUMX Revision Smart XNUMX XNUMX Old_Attribute XNUMX lambar XNUMX Num Test_Bayani Halin Rayuwa Lokaci (awanni) LBA_of_first_error # XNUMX  Endedaddamar da layi ba tare da kammala ba: karanta gazawar 90% 4789 1746972641

Idan har yanzu kuna son karanta ƙarin bayani da yawa, umarnin don nuna muku cikakken fitarwa, kusan cikakkun bayanai shine:

sudo smartctl -d ata -a /dev/sda

Karshe!

Babu komai, komai ne ... wani labarin game da HDDs 😉