[Ta yaya] Yadda ake canza Debian Wheezy daga Ext3 ko Ext4 zuwa Btrfs

A yadda aka saba wadanda muke amfani da su GNU / Linux mun yi amfani da rabe-rabenmu sanannen Ext2, Ext3 da Ext4, amma kamar yadda muka sani, akwai wasu nau'ikan tsarin fayil da Btrfs yana samun karbuwa sosai.

Amma menene Btrfs? Bari mu ga wani ɗan gajeren bayanin da aka samu a ciki wikipedia:

Btrfs (B-itace FS ko yawanci ana kiransa "Butter FS") shi ne a tsarin fayil copy-on-rubuta sanar da Oracle Corporation para GNU / Linux.

Manufarta ita ce maye gurbin tsarin fayil na yanzu ext3, kawar da mafi girman lambar iyakokinta, musamman tare da iyakar girman fayiloli; ban da tallafi da sabbin fasahohi da ba a goyi bayan ext3. An kuma bayyana cewa, za ta "mai da hankali kan hakuri, da gyara da kuma saukin gudanar da mulki."

Da kyau, a cikin wannan labarin zan nuna muku yadda ake amfani debian huce con Btrfs, bin matakan da na samu a ciki wannan haɗin. Ina tsammanin ya tafi ba tare da faɗi cewa idan kun yanke shawarar yin canjin ba, dole ne ku yi hakan cikin kasadar ku kuma ba ni da alhakin duk wata masifa da ta shafi bayananku. Muje can 😛

Tafiya daga Ext3 / 4 zuwa Btrfs

1. - Abu na farko da yakamata muyi shine adana dukkan bayanan mu ko kuma mafi kyawu, yin wannan gwajin a cikin wata na’ura ta zamani.

2.- Mun sauke wani .iso na Gwajin Debian da "ƙone" shi a kan CD ko sanya shi a kan Katin USB con Unetbootin don taya daga wannan na'urar.

3.- Kodayake labarin na asali bai fayyace shi ba, ina tsammanin dole ne mu girka kamar yadda ya dace, kuma da zarar mun shirya tsarin sai mu sanya:

fsck -f /dev/sdaX

(zato / dev / sdaX shine tushen tsarin fayiloli)

4. - Mun sanya editan da muke so kuma btrfs-kayan aikin (idan babu).

5.- Sannan zamu aiwatar:

btrfs-convert /dev/sdX

6.- Daga baya:

mount /dev/sdX /mnt

Sannan:

mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount -o bind /proc /mnt/proc

7.- Muna amfani da Chroot:

chroot /mnt

8.- Mun shirya fayil din / sauransu / fstab, muna neman layin da aka ɗora tushen (/) fayilolin fayil kuma muna canzawa UUID de / dev / sdX, mun canza kari / ext3 de btrfs, mun canza zaɓi zuwa 'tsoffin abubuwa' kuma mun canza lambar karshe (1) zuwa 0.

Misali, a nawa yanayin zai zama canza wannan:

UUID=c2bc3236-b089-4f1e-8303-8fc9fab8848f    /    ext4    errors=remount-ro 0   1

kuma bar shi kamar haka:

/dev/sdX    /           btrfs    default     0       0

9.- Sannan zamu aiwatar:

ls -la /boot

Tare da wannan abin da muke yi shine nuna fayilolin da suke ciki / taya tabbatar cewa muna da ɗaya kama da wannan: initrd.img-3.2.0-2-686-pae. Abin da muke bukata shine rubutun da zai biyo baya 'in.ru.img-' wanda zai zama Kernel da za mu yi amfani da shi a cikin umarnin mai zuwa:

mkinitramfs 3.2.0-2-686-pae -o /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-2-686-pae

10.- Daga baya mun sabunta GRUB:

grub-install /dev/sdX
update-grub

Lokacin da muka gama muna amfani da umarnin:

exit

Don fita daga tsiro.

11.- Mun kwakkwance:

umount /mnt/proc
umount /mnt/dev
umount /mnt/sys
umount /mnt

12.- Mu sake kunnawa da addu'a !!! 😀

Idan wata masifa ba ta faru ba, za mu iya tabbatar da cewa mun riga mun shiga Btrfs yin waɗannan ƙididdiga masu zuwa:

1.- Ta yaya tushen muna aiwatarwa:

update-initramfs -u -t -kall

2. - Mun sake canzawa a cikin fayil din / sauransu / fstab el / dev / sdX de UUID. Don kallon UUID daga bangare da muke aiwatarwa:

ls -la /dev/disk/by-uuid/ | grep sdΧ

Wanne ya kamata ya dawo da wani abu kamar haka:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 abr 19 08:50 0c3299fc-de7b-496f-8cf8-0d0945111b88 -> ../../sda5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 abr 19 08:50 2cce04c7-ae67-413b-9773-afe86a36aa39 -> ../../sda6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 abr 19 08:50 c2bc3236-b089-4f1e-8303-8fc9fab8848f -> ../../sda1

Idan komai ya tafi daidai, zaka iya share madadin da tsarin canzawa ya kirkira (an tsabtace) mai bi:

btrfs subvolume delete /ext2_saved

Anyi 😀