OpenStack na Igwe ojii Kọmputa: Ọdịnihu nke igwe ojii na-eji Software efu

N'ime ohere ọhụụ a anyị ga-ekwu maka ya a na-emeghe na scalable ikpo okwu maka ihe e kere eke nke onwe na ọha n'ígwé ojii, ya bụ, nke Oghere.

Oghere  e kere dị ka akụrụngwa ọrụ oru ngo nke "Isi mmalite" (Isi mmalite) n'okpuru ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrụ ntanetị (Iaa) n'ihi na ihe e kere eke na ochichi nke nnukwu iche iche nke mebere onwe sava na a data center.

Ebumnobi nke a bụ iji kwado mmekọrịta n'etiti ọrụ igwe ojii iji wuo igwe ojii (otu ihe ahụ dị ka Amazon) na ebe data ha. OpenStack, bụ ugbu a maka free n'okpuru Akwụkwọ ikike Apache 2.0. Ya mere, ọtụtụ na-ezokarị aka OpenStack na saịtị ozi dị ka Linux Cloud, ya bụ, "Linux nke igwe ojii". Ndị ọzọ jiri ya tụnyere ọrụ dịka Eucalyptus y CloudStack Apache, igwe ojii ihe eji emeghe uzo ozo.

Kedu otu esi ahazi Openstack?

OpenStack nwere a modul ije nke ugbua mejuputara iri na otu (11):

• Agaghị: Iji nye mebere igwe (VMs) na choro (A na-achọ) chọrọ.
• Ngwa ngwa: Iji nye usoro nchekwa nke nwere ike ịkwado nchekwa nke ihe ndị dị mkpa.
• ọka: para nye persistent ngọngọ nchekwa maka mba na-agba ọsọ mebere igwe.
• Ileba anya: Iji na-enye ndepụta na nchekwa nke mebere disk oyiyi nke ha ga-arụ ọrụ.
• Nkume isi: Iji nye nkwenye na ikike teknụzụ maka ọrụ OpenStack niile iji gbaa ọsọ.
• Horizon: Iji nye modular ọrụ ntanetị (UI) maka mmekọrịta na ọrụ OpenStack.
• Neutron: Iji nye njikọ netwọk dị mkpa dị ka ọrụ n'etiti ngwaọrụ interface nke na-achịkwa ọrụ agbakwunyere OpenStack.
• Ceilomita: Iji nye otu ebe nke ịkpọtụrụ maka sistemụ ịgba ụgwọ.
• Okpomọkụ: Para na-enye ọrụ nhazi maka ọtụtụ igwe ojii sitere na ndị na-ere ahịa na teknụzụ dị iche iche.
• Na-aga: Iji nye nchekwa data provisioning dị ka n'otu ọrụ maka gbapụ mmekọrita na ndị na-abụghị ndị mmekọ nchekwa data maqbx chekwebe.
• Sahara: Para na-enye ọrụ nhazi data achọrọ maka ihe nchịkwa OpenStack.

Kedu otu esi amụọ Openstack?

La National Aeronautics na Ohere nchịkwa (NASA) yana Rackspace, ha mepụtara OpenStack. RackSpace nyere koodu nke na-enye ike igwe ojii faịlụ nchekwa na ọrụ nnyefe ọdịnaya (Cloud faịlụ) na Production Cloud Servers (Sergwé ojii sava). Na NASA nyere nkà na ụzụ na-akwado Nebula, igwe ojii nke ya na-agbakọ ọrụ, na njirimara nke arụmọrụ dị elu, ịkparịta ụka n'networkntanet na njikwa nchekwa data nke ọma, iji nweta njikwa nke nnukwu usoro data sayensị.

OpenStack ochichi wee bụrụ nnwere onwe na-abụghị ọrụ na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na Ọnwa Itolu 2012. Obodo OpenStack, nke e kere gburugburu ya na-ahụ maka ndị isi oche, nke mejupụtara ọtụtụ ndị asọmpi na ntụgharị ihu, dị ka IBM, Intel na VMware.

Kedu ihe na-eme ka Openstack nwee ihe ịga nke ọma, nke bara uru ma jiri ya?

OpenStack Aims iwu a ígwé ojii n'elu ikpo okwu, ụdị CMP (Igwe ojii Management Platform) nke na-eme ka mwube na njikwa nke ihe dị iche iche n'ime akụrụngwa iji nweta ọrụ igwe ojii nye ndị ahịa ya (ndị ọrụ). Ọ bụrụ na anyị atụlee nke Mkpokọta VMware, Oghere ga-enwe n'otu larịị nke OBI na / ma ọ bụ vCD).

OpenStack nwere ikike buru ibu maka ndọtị mediante API kedu ihe "Mfe" imejuputa ma imeghari (nke ukwuu n'ime udiri nke AWS), ọha na nke ụdị "Erere n'efu", ọtụtụ "Sndị na-enye ọrụ » ha echewo ihu OpenStack dị ka isi ihe dị iche na igwe ojii gị. OpenStack ya teknụzụ modular dabere na ihe ndị a chọrọ nke "Cloudgwé ojii" achọrọ ịnapụta ga-enye gị ohere iwebata ọrụ dị iche iche na ihe owuwu ụlọ emere n'ụzọ na-aga n'ihu ma kwụsie ike.

Kedu ihe bụ Openstack?

OpenStack abụghị:

• A ngwaahịa: Ọ bụ n'ezie ọrụ nke ọrụ, nke na-emepụta igwe ojii, na teknụzụ Isi Iyi, nke na-enye ohere mgbanwe ya, mmegharị na nkeonwe iji kwado mkpa nke aka ya nke nwere ike ịkekọrịta ma nyere ndị obodo ahụ aka. OpenStack a na-echekwa ma na-achịkwa ya Ntọala OpenStack.

• A Hypervisor: O kariri ihe omuma di nfe, ebe obu na o bu mmewere nke no n’ime ihe di nma n’elu igwe oji, o nwere ndi di elu dika vCD y OBI (VMware) na ndị ọzọ Mgbakọ de ndị ọzọ (3) nke ahụ dị n'èzí.

• 100% Onwere: Naanị koodu ahụ ga-emeghe, ebe ọ bụ na ụgwọ nke mmezi, ọzụzụ, nchọpụta nsogbu, njikwa na ndozi nke ọkwa ndị dị n'okpuru (dịka vSphere, ịkparịta ụka n'ingntanet, nchekwa, wdg.) ha nwere ma ọ bụ nwee ọnụ ahịa metụtara dabere na onye na-eweta ya na / ma ọ bụ teknụzụ eji. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ Linux Distros na-amalite ịnye ha "Flavour" (nsụgharị) OpenStack nwere nke ya, na-agbakwunye uru metụtara ya, ụgwọ ọ bụghị maka koodu ahụ mana maka nkwado na ndị ọzọ.

• Naanị maka ndị na-enye ọrụ: OpenStack Enwere ike iji ya ụdị ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla, ụlọ ọrụ, nzukọ ma ọ bụghị naanị site na ya Ndị Na-enye Ọrụ (SPs), ebe ọ bụ na o doro anya na ọnọdụ dị mfe na ịdị mfe nke oriri site na API, na-eme ka ngwaahịa ahụ na-atọ ụtọ maka SP na ndị ọzọ nwere mmasị.

NA G WHATN IS B CL NTPKWU KWES ?R CL?

Dị ka NIST (National Institute nke ardskpụrụ na Nkà na )zụ) OpenStack Enwere ike ịkọwa ya ma ọ bụ tụụrụ ya dị ka ihe atụ nke ọrụ ndị nwere ike ịba ụba na ịchọrọ maka oke na oriri nke ihe ngụkọta. Ihe niile a gụnyere iji ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ngwa, data (ozi) yana usoro ọrụ nke ejiri ihe nghazi, netwọkụ, data (ozi) na ikike nchekwa. Na-echekwa na enwere ike iwuli ihe ndị a, weta ha, wepụta ha ma wepụta ha ọsọsọ, site na obere mbọ nke mmepe, njikwa na mkparịta ụka nke ndị na-eweta Cloud Computing, iji mejuo mkpa ndị ahịa ugbu a.

Enwere ike ịnye ọrụ igwe ojii kọwaa ọrụ atọ (3) ụdị azụmaahịa:

• Akụrụngwa dịka Ọrụ (IaaS): Businessdị Azụmaahịa a na-enye ndị na-azụ ahịa (onye ọrụ) ndokwa nke nhazi, nchekwa, netwọkụ na ihe nchọgharị ọ bụla ọzọ dị mkpa iji wụnye ngwanrọ, gụnyere sistemụ arụmọrụ na ngwa. Ewezuga njikwa na igwe ojii na-akpata ya mana sistemụ arụmọrụ yana ngwa ya. Omuma: Amazon Web Services EC2.

• Plattform dị ka Ọrụ (PaaS): Businessdị Azụmaahịa a na-enye ndị na-azụ ahịa (onye ọrụ) ikike ime ngwa ndị mepụtara ma ọ bụ nke ndị ọzọ nyere nkwekọrịta, dabere na asụsụ mmemme ma ọ bụ ihu nke onye na-eweta ya. Ewezuga nchịkwa nke usoro ihe eji akpata ma ọ bụ nchịkwa akụrụngwa.
  

• Software dị ka Ọrụ (SaaS): Businessdị Azụmaahịa a na-enye ndị na-azụ ahịa (onye ọrụ) ikike iji ngwa nke ndị na-eweta ya na-arụ ọrụ na igwe ojii. A na-enweta ngwa site na ngwaọrụ ndị ahịa site na ihu, dịka ọmụmaatụ ihe nchọgharị weebụ. N'okwu a, onye ọrụ nwere naanị ịnweta nhazi nhazi nke ngwanrọ enyere.

Enwere ike ịnye ọrụ igwe ojii ọrụ igwe ọrụ na usoro ntinye aha atọ (3):

• Igwe ojii: Ihe nlere igwe ojii a na-enye ohere inweta akụrụngwa na ihe ezi uche dị na ya bụ akụkụ nke gburugburu ka ọha na eze ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ nwee ike. Ọ bụ nke onye na-eweta ọrụ na-ejikwa akụrụngwa na ọrụ enyere. Ihe Nlereanya: Ọrụ GoogleApps.

• Igwe ojii: Ihe nlere igwe ojii a na-enye ohere ka otu oru jikwaa akụrụngwa. Nchịkwa nke ngwa na ọrụ nwere ike ịrụ site na otu nzukọ ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ. Ngwa ndị metụtara ya nwere ike ịdị n'ime nzukọ ma ọ bụ n'èzí ya. Ihe Nlereanya: Ọrụ igwe ojii ọ bụla nke nzukọ ahụ nwere ma ọ bụ nye ya n'aka ndị na-eweta ọrụ mana ndị ọrụ ha nwere naanị nzukọ ahụ.

• Igwe ojii: Clouddị igwe ojii a na-enye ohere ka ndị otu dị iche iche kesaa akụrụngwa yana ebumnuche ya bụ ịkwado otu obodo nwere ụdị nchegbu ahụ (ozi, nchekwa ma ọ bụ usoro iwu chọrọ, wdg). Dị ka igwe ojii nkeonwe, ndị otu ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ijikwa ya yana akụrụngwa nwere ike ịbụ ụlọ ọrụ ha ma ọ bụ na mpụga ha. Ihe Nlereanya: Ọrụ enyere site www.achị nke gọọmentị US, nke na-enye ndị ọrụ gọọmentị ọrụ igwe ojii.

• Cloudgwé ojii ngwakọ: Ihe Nlereanya Igwe ojii a na-enye ohere ka a jikọtara igwe ojii abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa nke Cloud Cloud gara aga, na-edebe ha dị ka ihe dị iche iche mana ha jikọtara site na teknụzụ tozuru etozu ma ọ bụ nke nwere ikike, nke na-enye ohere ịnweta data na ngwa ejiri.

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