Network configuratione et administratione - SME Networks

Salve amici, et amici!

Index generalis ad series: Computer Networks enim SMEs, Praefationes

Non tamen dicata est articulus est titulus de hac re, quae suum ad unum. Nec ulla comment postulantes ut legitur de ea scribere. Non tulit illud quod praesumpseram, atque omnibus notum esset fortassis erat ex causa, ut usque hodie neglecta sit. Autem, nos mos scribere est succincta de illis qui post me recreat nec opus est de re cognoscere.

Network: definitione practical

Ad usumautem Net - Network Adeo ut vel ex duobus retiaculis cogitationes eius, ministris Typographis mobile sive ipsum vasa quae sunt vincula aut aliquo indicio wireless nexus inter coniuncta dividere ad participandam cogitationes.

Pro magis notitia vide:

• computatrum network
• network elit
• Wireless network locus area
• Network fibra opticus
• 12.04 Libri Servo Ubuntu
• Servo configurationis et GNU / Linux

Memento quod nexus cum plena fuerint data est non intentio in voluptate. 😉

Network configurationis

• EGO suadeo ad illos qui utuntur operating systems CentOS y openSUSE, Per se dirigi illud Servo configurationis et GNU / LinuxPer Joel Rufinus Barrios Duenas auctor. Difficile est mihi scribere in thema ut faciam inferius pro debian, CentOS et openSUSE distributions apud eundem articulum, quoniam in novissimo duobus differunt prima praecipue in nominibus, locum configuratione files, auditu suis propriis et alia aspect philosophicae ad hunc locum.

Operating systems est ut utor in hac serie habere graphice configurans ad instrumenta alia network cogitationes. Autem, post hoc autem erit focus in imperio per consolatorium sive in ratione termini.

Sicut in praecedentibus articulis vidimus, ut in pluribus, ut ad configurare network interface, sive in interfaces- per installation processus ut, cum in basi installed operating ratio est, quod habet effective computatrum nexu de rete.

Et rectam lineam primo quidem network interface -main- vitalis est ad opus Dei subsequent desktop, workstationuel servo ut in effectum ducenda sunt.

Nos non uti NetworkManager

Ad simpliciorem hoc articulus scripto est, in focus operam servo figurationem eius respondeant, facile legere et facere id, quod dicturi sumus, nihil provisum est a sarcina usus est in ministerio network-amet. Alioquin si fuerit controversia stabunt in actibus sequentibus:

In debian

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo systemctl subsisto-network manager.service
Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo systemctl status manager.service network,
Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo systemctl disable manager.service network,
Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig

Quod si figura pendere servicium elit metus network-amet recta sunt, tum continue working possumus. Tamen ei ut sit sanus:

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ && $ sudo ifdown eth0 sudo ifup eth0

Opera omnia denique gemino reprehendo.

De CentOS

In liber PDF «Servo configurationis et GNU / Linux«: Iulii MMXVI Libri CAPUT 2016 dicata est ille locus est religio NetworkManager. Et exspectabo protinus auctor Joel Duenas Rufinus Barrios, non quasi omnino - et ita considerat absurdum - usum NetworkManager In Servers.

Aer interfaces

Pro regula generali habeatur, cum opus est virtualis machinis Qemu KVM,In operating ratio agnoscit Interfaces ad nomina, ut Aer ethX *quo X habens valorem numerorum. Primum Aer eth0 interface est ens, secundum quod eth1 et ita in.

Si debian circa operating systems in physica et derivatives- cursus machinis, verum etiam prior notatio.

Si opus corporis in machinis cum operating systems CentOS y openSUSEEt in illis agnoscit operating ratio enoX. With his machinis tanta similitudo virtualis contingit ex hypervisors operantem in systems- VMware.

In virtualis machinis creata a operating ratio FreeBSD which is quoque solvo Software- identified as fere sunt, EMX o vtnetX sive sint fretus in Qemu KVM, aut in VMware Ludio respectively. Si quae corporis sunt, identified as typically EMX.

COGNOSCO Interfaces Aer

Ut identify praesto omnibus in meus computer network interfaces sysadmin.fromlinux.fanNos exsequi:

Buzz @ sysadmin: sudo ifconfig -a ~ $
Link eth0 encap: Aer HWaddr LXX: LIV: d70: XIX: ad: LXV inet addr: 54 Bcast: Os 2: 19 inet65 addr: fe10.10.10.1 :: (VII)CCLIV: d10.10.10.255ff: fe255.255.255.0: ad6 / locus LXIV: Link encap lo ... Link: Locus Loopback inet addr: 80 larva: 7254 inet2 addr :: 19/65 size: Page Link Populus ... virbr64 encap: Aer HWaddr LII: LIV, 127.0.0.1: c255.0.0.0: XXXV : 6e inet addr: 1 Bcast: 128 larva: 0 inet52 addr: fe54 :: (V)LIV: f: fec00: 8 / LXIV size: Page Link encap-nic virbr35 ... Link: Aer HWaddr 5:192.168.10.1 192.168.10.255: c255.255.255.0: XXXV: 6e VULGO Multicast MTU, MD De re metrica: I ... Link vmnet80 encap: Aer HWaddr 5054: L: LVI: c8 355: inet addr VIII: 64 Bcast: 0 larva: 52 .54 inet00 addr: CCL :: fe8, 35ff; fec5: 1500/1 size: Page Link ...

• Tribus modis Ellipseos superioris outputs tanto spatio servare mentem non informantur redeunte.

EGO have installed operating ratio in ut debian VIII "Jessie" duo progressio rectum apparatus firmamentum, hoc est, Qemu KVM, y 10.0.6 Servo VMware WorkstationEt imperium omnium existentium refert interfaces.

• Pro censu, et non est privata software VMware Workstation Servo 10.0.6 iuris exemplum a collega et familiaris meus NeoZelandes Deum, quem non acquiritur per Internet patria in patriam et genus satis mitte me.

Qua informationes lets 'animadverto ut potest, ut prior de output,

• eth0: Pagina prima oratio network interface cum IPv4 10.10.10.1. Et inscriptio est: De IPv6 ostendi.
• lo: Aut Loopback locorum cum IPv4 127.0.0.1 et omnia IPv6 -common interfaces- 1/128 ::.
• virbr0, Pontem-genus network interface -  Biugum demittere cum IPv4 192.168.10.1 et cum inscriptione MAC 52:54:00:c8:35:5e. Et hoc est quod virtual interface ut configure et per partum Virt Manager Qemu of-network KVM tamquam «default»De genus NAT.
• virbr0, nic: Quod gignit et interface Network Qemu KVM,, Of Marcus Tullius genus bridge- Anonymous Bridge eaque oratio MAC 52:54:00:c8:35:5e quod virbr0. Quod non habet IP oratio assignata.
• vmnet8: Network genus interface NAT per unam figuram habet in VMware Rectum Editor Network.

El Servo VMware Workstation via sua Rectum Editor Network: Pontes jam non conformat se et creata sunt corporis parte hostiae aliter interfaces - Host. An quod in particularibus infimis prior vasa?.

Alius application - Non solum autem non ultima - ad obtinendum notitia de network quod interfaces lshw - Services List. lshw quia collecta est instrumentum Vestibulum notitias de configuratione apparatus. Si currere in a console:

Buzz @ sysadmin, quaerere * $ natus lshw
p lshw - hardware informationem de configuratione  
lshw gtk-p - graphice hardware informationem de configuratione

Non etiam quod habet ejus quam graphical interface te relinquo test. Et modus current console quod install lets altera:

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo lshw network -class
[Sudo] password ad oras:
  * -network               
       descriptio: Aer interface productum: 82579V Gigabit Network Iunctio-venditionem servitium, Intel corporalis id, XIX bus info: pci @ 19: 0000, 00-19.0 rationis nomen eth0 version: V Vide, LXX: LIV: d05: XIX: ad: LXV mole; 70Mbit / s facultatem: 54Gbit / s width: XXXII bits horologium: 2MHz elit, msi bus_master post meridiem ...
  * MANCUS -network
       descriptio: Aer corporalis id interface: I rationem nominis: Vide virbr1, nic: LII: LIV, 0: c52: XXXV: 54e magnitudine: 00MBit / s elit, physica ethernet

Sit scriptor administrare contingit nomina interfaces

In interdum ipsum realis card mutamus praesertim causa, numerum notamus X quibus auctus per I interface in agnoscit tantum animadverto ea et cum current, ifconfig -a*, inter la statum Quid conversione. Alter prope ipsum amovere potest accidere interface quacumque causa tum alterum iterum.

De quo supra diximus unam figuram potest esse molestiae et coniunctum - ligabis ut vel officia, quaedam logice interface nomen tuum, fiat eth0, eno1 o em0. Maxime contrarium esse arbitrarentur, quod ea est paene semper accidit post diu - fortasse annos - a configuratione initial. Deinde cum nominibus apparent sicut novum interfaces eth1,eth2, eno2, em1, Etc., et bene operantes officiis prohibere. Similiter qui penetravit rebus Vos scitis quod intelliguntur 😉

Quod contingit nomina in debian network interfaces - et ex capitalibus oriuntur: - possunt in tabella /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules. Et factum est in tabella VII CentOS /etc/udev/rules.d/90-eno-fix.rules, Cum in eam prior versions idem lima ut in debian.

In debianSi vis aliqua ratione mutare nomen maxime network interface, invenire lineam correspondentes oratio eius MAC et valorem mutari ad NAME = ethX in quacumque ratione nominis valorem postulo vos. Mutationes quoniam felix est, oportet vos sileo vestri computer.

Nam VII CentOS, Videatur in opere «Servo configurationis et GNU / Linux»Per Joel Duenas Rufinus Barrios, quod provisum est a detailed modum.

• magna: In omni causa, Vigilate de! Et in ministerium NetworkManager si autem hospites erant tractantem.

Mutari parametri network interfaces

In debianSi autem vis ad mutare parametri a network card in perpetuum, emendo lima ut must / Etc / network / interfaces de quibus infra.

Ad scias poetarum assensum et omnia options potest ut consuleret homo interfaces. Nos quoque suadeo legere documenta inspiciet in folder ad existentium;

Buzz @ sysadmin: $ u ~ -l / usr / share / doc / ifupdown /
drwxr summa XLIV-x-rcosφ II-VII radix radix (IV)XCVI Aug MMXVI contrib
x-Aug-xr drwxr II radix radix (IV)XCVI VII MMXVI exempla
r-rw - r-- Copyright © MMXII I XXI Iun CMLXXVI radix radix-rw r - r-- I radix radix XVIII CCXLIII changelog.gz -rw-MMXV XIII Mar - r-- MMXII I XXI Iun radix radix CCXCVII NEWS.Debian.gz r-rw - r-- I radix radix CDLIV XXIX MMXIV README Nov-rw r - r-- MMXII I XXI Iun CMXLVI radix radix omnium

progressio ethtool

Per libellum ethtool Possumus consuleret, album network card ut a nexu et parametri determinare celeritatem, ipso tractatum de summa reprehendo onus - reprehendo sum offload, Etc. Fere omnes apothecas autem est available in sancti distributionibus.

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo habilitas install ethtool
[Sudo] password ad oras:

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ethtool eth0
Occasus est eth0: suffulti v: [ES] fultum link Index modis 10baseT / Medium 10baseT / plena 100baseT / Medium 100baseT / plena 1000baseT / plena suffulti spatium frame usu, nulla subsidia auto- negotiationem Ita Advertised link Index modis 10baseT / Medium 10baseT / plena 100baseT / medium 100baseT / plena 1000baseT / plena Advertised spatium frame usus: Non Advertised auto- negotiationem Ita Volo: 100Mb / s Duplex majus, plena Portus: twisted Patr PHYAD: I Transceiver: internum Auto-negotiationem pertinerent in MDI-X: in (auto) Esto vigilans, ad castra subsidium, pumbg Isaaco Wake-on: planum g Current nuntium: 1x0 (VII) Link drv averso specillo diducendum visa est: Nam sic;

Mutantur, nos et fac propter hoc tool potest esse ad tempus amisit et in altera ex sileo computer. Si opus est permanens per historiae sanarumque ethtoolNos oportet addere ad lima / Etc / network / interfaces directiva «prior est'Aut' elevaverunt coram interface "ut sequitur:

Auto eth1
iface eth1 penitus dhcp
pre-up / bin / M celeritas duplex plena eth1 ethtool Sed placerat scelerisque

Sic enim network card eth1 quae ex sua IP oratio ex a servo DHCP, is in perpetuum mutatum opus M ad celeritatem Kb / s in modus Duplex plena.

• Quod enim valet supra modum sit cum elit cards IPS.

Disputatio

Infra videbimus quam ad configurare IP oratio ex a apparatu, tum in porta - Gateway per default, necesse est communicationis network locus, et reliquum protinus cum in Internet su Gateway.

• Cum scriberem 'protinus»Dicendum quod in casibus in quibus de SME retiacula Internet accessum licet sine usu a servo proxyQuod suus ' non commendataeQuamvis fortis Firewall quam operatus est in ipsa computatrum porta. Rursus cum tua est subiectum nos tangere in proxy.

tempus addressing

Vexillum in ullam usus imperium distribution ut Linux IP ifconfig et iterNos can temporarie ad configurare network interface, ut infra videbimus.

IP assignare et tunc reprehendo subnet persona operatio videamus exequuntur;

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig eth0 172.16.10.2 netmask 255.255.0.0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig
Link eth0 encap: Aer HWaddr LXX: LIV: d70: XIX: ad: LXV inet addr: 54 Bcast: Os 2: 19 inet65 addr: fe172.16.10.2 :: (VII)CCLIV: d172.16.255.255ff: fe255.255.0.0: ad6 / locus LXIV: SERO VULGO CURSUS Multicast MTU, MD De re metrica: I cx RX facis: 80 risu dignum: 7254 fluens 2 eliminandos: 19 frame: 65 TX facis: DCLIX risu dignum: 64 fluens 1500 eliminandos: 1 carrier: 0 concursus: 0 txqueuelen: M cx RX bytes: 0 (0 B) TX bytes: (CXV)DCI (0 MiB) Interrupt: Memoria XX: fe659 fe0,

Non ad tempus sicut in card assignata eth0 stabilis IP oratio 172.16.10.2 cum persona subnet 255.255.0.0 quod est a Class «B» Private Internet Network.

• Nota quod mutatio loci et nos sysadmin.fromlinux.fan computatrum network interface eth0 Dei, quod ante habuit IP 10.10.10.1/255.255.255.0 conveniens Class "A" Private Internet Network, quamquam soli possunt exercitum CCLIV computers secundum persona subnet.

Ut ad configurare porta facientes operationem scriptor reprehendo et defectu;

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ route sudo add default gw 172.16.10.1 eth0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo route -n
Kernel IP excitandas mensa Destination Online De re metrica Genmask vexillum elevat external link usus Iface 0.0.0.0 172.16.10.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 0 0.0.0.0 eth172.16.10.1 0.0.0.0 1024 0 UG MXXIV eth0 0 172.16.0.0 U 0.0.0.0 U 255.255.0.0 0 0 0 0 192.168.10.0 eth0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 0 0 vmnet0 8 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.0 U 255.255.255.0 0 0 virbr0

Non enim solum ad tempus in porta assignata 172.16.10.1 interface est eth0 172.16.10.2Dum alter interfaces values ​​suum priorem.

Ut aufero totus network card occasus, lets 'currere:

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ suave rubenti addr IP $ sudo eth0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig
eth0 Link encap: Aer HWaddr LXX: LIV: d70: XIX: ad: LXV suscitabo VULGO CURSUS Multicast MTU, MD De re metrica: I cx RX facis: 54 risu dignum: 2 fluens 19 eliminandos: 65 frame: 1500 TX facis: DCCXVIII risu dignum: 1 fluens eliminandos 0: 0 carrier, conlisiones, 0, 0 txqueuelen: Lexus RX bytes M: 0 (718 B) TX bytes: (CXXV)CCCLXXXVIII (0 MiB) Interrupt: Memoria XX: fe0 fe0,

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo route -n
Kernel IP excitandas mensa Destination Genmask vexillum elevat Online De re metrica external link usus Iface 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 8 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.0 virbr255.255.255.0 U 0 vmnet0 0 0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig eth0 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifconfig eth0
Link eth0 encap: Aer HWaddr LXX: LIV: d70: XIX: ad: LXV inet addr: 54 Bcast: Os 2: 19 suscitabo VULGO CURSUS Multicast MTU, MD De re metrica: I cx RX facis: 65 risu dignum: 10.10.10.1 fluens 10.10.10.255 eliminandos: 255.255.255.0 frame: 1500 TX facis: DCCXXIX risu dignum: 1 fluens 0 eliminandos: 0 carrier: 0 concursus: 0 txqueuelen: M cx RX bytes: 0 (729 B) TX bytes: (CXXIX)IX (0 MiB) Interrupt: XX memoria: fe0 fe0,

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo route -n
Kernel IP excitandas mensa Destination Genmask vexillum elevat Online De re metrica external link usus Iface 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 0 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.0 eth255.255.255.0 0 0 0 U vmnet8 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.0 U 255.255.255.0 virbr0 0 0 0

Buzz @ sysadmin: * ostende eth0 addr IP $
II: eth2: mtu MD qdisc pfifo_fast status suscitabo coetus default qlen M link / aut LXX: LIV: d0: XIX: ad: LXV p brd: f, f, f, f, f
    10.10.10.1 inet 24/10.10.10.255 brd scope global eth0
       in perpetuum usque in aeternum valid_lft preferred_lft inet6 fe80 :: (VII)CCLIV: d7254ff: fe2: ad19 / LXIV scope link Index valid_lft preferred_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum

Buzz @ sysadmin: * ip $ sudo add addr 192.168.1.250/24 passim 192.168.1.255 Dev eth0

Buzz @ sysadmin: * ostende eth0 addr IP $
II: eth2: mtu MD qdisc pfifo_fast status suscitabo coetus default qlen M link / aut LXX: LIV: d0: XIX: ad: LXV p brd: f, f, f, f, f
    10.10.10.1 inet 24/10.10.10.255 brd scope global eth0
       valid_lft preferred_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum
    192.168.1.250 inet 24/192.168.1.255 brd scope global eth0
       in perpetuum usque in aeternum valid_lft preferred_lft inet6 fe80 :: (VII)CCLIV: d7254ff: fe2: ad19 / LXIV scope link Index valid_lft preferred_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum

valid_lft preferred_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum

Buzz @ sysadmin: * ip $ sudo addr del 192.168.1.250/24 passim 192.168.1.255 Dev eth0
Buzz @ sysadmin: * ostende eth0 addr IP $

Buzz @ sysadmin: * L $ sudo dpkg iproute2 | grep / bin
Buzz @ sysadmin: * L $ sudo dpkg iproute2 | grep / bin

Auto eth0
iface etho interrete dhcp

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifup eth0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo ifdown eth0

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ cattus / etc / network / interfaces
# File haec describitur quod interfaces available in vestri network system et quomodo # ea movere. Pro magis notitia, videre interfaces (V). # Loopback network interface est Auto lo iface lo-inet loopback # Primum network interface patitur hotplug eth5
Vestibulum iface eth0 inet
    10.10.10.1 passim network oratio 24/255.255.255.0 netmask 10.10.10.0 10.10.10.255 porta 10.10.10.101 dns- # * # resolvconf a sarcina options sunt implemented si dns-installed a linux.fan nameservers 192.168.10.5 dns, quaerere

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ cattus / etc / network / interfaces
Auto lo iface lo inet loopback

Vestibulum patietur hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet 10.10.10.1/24 oratio

Buzz @ sysadmin: * ostende eth0 addr IP $
II: eth2: mtu MD qdisc pfifo_fast status suscitabo coetus default qlen M link / aut LXX: LIV: d0: XIX: ad: brd LXV p, p, p, p, p, p inet 1500/1000 brd 70 scope global eth54 valid_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum preferred_lft inet2 fe19 :: (VII)CCLIV: d65ff: fe10.10.10.1: ad24 / LXIV scope link Index valid_lft preferred_lft in perpetuum usque in aeternum

Buzz @ sysadmin ~ $ sudo pontem natus install-utils

Buzz @ exercitum: * $ sudo Nano / etc / network / interfaces
Auto lo iface lo-inet loopback patitur oratio Vestibulum hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet 192.168.10.27 iface eth1 inet manual iface eth2 inet manual iface eth3 inet manual # Pontus Marcus Tullius Auto br0 iface br0 inet manual bridge_ports eth1 eth2 eth3