La kuyerekezera zinthu kwakhala kofala kwambiri, makamaka mu ntchito zamtambo kuti athe kupeza zambiri kuchokera pamaseva omwe ali m'malo azidziwitso. Koma posachedwapa, makina okhala ndi zidebe ndi omwe akukonzedwa, chifukwa amalola kuwongolera koyenera (posafunikira kutsata njira zina). Ndipo ndipachimake pamene nkhondo za Docker vs.Kubernetes zimabuka.
Ntchito ziwiri zotchuka kwambiri, zomwe mwina mukudziwa kale. Onse ndi zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake, komanso ndizosiyana zomwe zitha kukhala zofunikira pakukuthandizani kusankha ntchito malinga ndi zosowa zanu ...
Zotsatira
Kodi chizindikiritso chokhazikitsidwa ndi chidebe ndi chiyani?
Monga mukudziwa, pali zingapo mitundu ya mawonekedwemonga kukhathamiritsa kwathunthu, parvirtualization, ndi zina zambiri. Chabwino, m'chigawo chino ndizingoyang'ana kwambiri komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina enieni, ndi zotengera, kuti musayambitse zosintha zina zomwe zingakusokonezeni.
- Makina enieni- Ndi njira yofikira kwambiri Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi hypervisor, monga KVM, Xen, kapena mapulogalamu ngati VMWare, VirtualBox, ndi zina zambiri. Ndi pulogalamuyi, makina athunthu (vCPU, vRAM, ma drive a disk, ma netiweki, zotumphukira, ndi zina zambiri) amatsanzira. Chifukwa chake, makina ogwiritsira ntchito (mlendo) atha kuyikika pazida izi ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, mapulogalamu atha kuyikidwa ndikuyendetsedwa mofanana ndi momwe angachitire mu makina ogwiritsira ntchito.
- Zida: ndiukadaulo wina momwe khola kapena bokosi lamchenga limalumikizidwa momwe mbali zina za dongosolo lino zitha kuperekedwera, zomwe zimakhala zogwira mtima komanso zopindulitsa komanso zachitetezo china (ngakhale zilibe chiopsezo) . M'malo mwake, m'malo mokhala ndi hypervisor, muzochitika izi pali mapulogalamu monga Docker ndi Kubernetes omwe adzagwiritse ntchito pulogalamuyo yokha kuyendetsa mapulogalamu akutali. Choyipa chake ndikuti zimangokulolani kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu achilengedwe kuchokera kwa OS omwe amakhala nawo. Ndiye kuti, muli mu VM mutha kusintha Windows pa Linux distro, mwachitsanzo, ndipo pa Windowsyo mutha kuyendetsa pulogalamu iliyonse yakomweko, mu chidebe mutha kungochita ndi mapulogalamu othandizidwa ndi dongosolo la alendo, mu ichi mlandu ndi Linux ...
Kumbukirani kuti zowonjezera kapena zothandizira mawonekedwe apakompyuta, monga Intel VT ndi AMD-V zatha kukonza magwiridwe antchito kwambiri, pongoganiza kuti ndi 2% yokha pamwamba pa CPU. Koma izi sizikugwira ntchito pazinthu zina monga kukumbukira kapena kusungira komweko komwe kumaperekedwa kuti kukhathamiritsa kwathunthu, zomwe zikutanthauza kufunikira kwakatundu.
Zonsezi ndizomwe zimabwera kuti zithandizire, zomwe safunika kutengera njira zina kutha kutumiza pulogalamu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kupanga chidebe chokhala ndi seva ya Apache, ndimakina athunthu mutha kukhala ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito, hypervisor, makina ogwiritsira ntchito alendo, ndi pulogalamuyo. Kumbali inayi, ndi chidebecho muyenera kungokhala ndi pulogalamu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyo, popeza ikadakhala ikuyenda mu "bokosi" mwakayokha ndikugwiritsa ntchito makinawo. Kupatula apo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamuyi ndikofulumira kwambiri, pochotsa mlendo OS.
Kodi Docker ndi chiyani?
Docker ndi pulojekiti yotseguka, pansi pa layisensi ya Apache, yolembedwa mchilankhulo cha Go ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kuyika kwazomwe zatumizidwa mkati mwa zotengera. Mwanjira ina, pulogalamuyi ikuthandizani kuyang'anira zotengera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, popeza imagwira ntchito pamapulatifomu angapo.
Docker atatulukira, inali ndi zabwino zambiri, ndipo inafalikira mofulumira. Masomphenya ake apadera a makina opangira ndi kuphweka, amaloledwa kupanga zotengera ndi mapulogalamu, kuzikhazikitsa, kuzikulitsa, ndikuzichita mwachangu. Njira yoyambira mapulogalamu onse omwe mungafune pogwiritsa ntchito zochepa.
Mwachidule, Docker amapereka zotsatirazi zinthu fungulo:
- Kudzipatula ku chilengedwe.
- Kasamalidwe chidebe.
- Kuwongolera mtundu.
- Malo / Chiyanjano.
- Mphamvu.
- Ntchito.
- Kuchita bwino.
Koma sanali wopanda mavuto ena, monga momwe zotengera zimayenera kulumikizirana, kulumikizana. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zidapangitsa kuti Kubernetes ipangidwe ...
Monga ndidzayankhira mtsogolo Gulu la Docker, Ndikufuna kunena kuti ndi pulogalamu yopangidwa ndi omwewo omwe amapanga ma Docker kuti athe kupanga magulu angapo a Docker mugulu limodzi ndikuwongolera masango pakati, kuphatikiza pokonza zotengera.
Kodi Kubernetes ndi chiyani?
Idapangidwa koyamba ndi Google, ndipo pambuyo pake idaperekedwa ku Cloud Native Computing Foundation. Kubernetes Iyinso ngati Docker, gwero lotseguka, lovomerezeka pansi pa Apache, ndikulemba pogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cha Go. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthitsa kutumizidwa ndi kasamalidwe ka mapulogalamu okhala ndi zida. Kuphatikiza apo, imathandizira m'malo osiyanasiyana poyendetsa zotengera, kuphatikiza Docker.
Pomaliza, Kubernetes ndi gulu loimba chidebe chomwe chimayang'anira kuthandiza zidebe zosiyanasiyana zamakina osiyanasiyana, kasamalidwe kawo, ndi kagawidwe ka katundu pakati pawo. Makamaka bungwe lomwe lapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale gawo lofunikira pamitundu iyi ...
- Ndondomeko yokhazikika.
- Mphamvu zodzichiritsa.
- Kutulutsa kokhazikika ndi kutumizira.
- Katundu kugwirizanitsa ndi yopingasa lonse.
- Kachulukidwe kakang'ono kagwiritsidwe kazinthu.
- Ntchito zolowera kumabizinesi.
- Kuwongolera koyang'anira pakati.
- Zomangamanga zokhazikika.
- Kukonzekera kosavuta.
- Kudalirika.
Docker vs. Kubernetes
Monga mukuwonera kuchokera kumatanthauzidwe, onse ndi ofanana m'njira zambiri, koma muli nawo kusiyana kwawo, komanso kukhala ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zawo monga chilichonse. Mutha kuganiza kuti kudziwa izi mutha kudziwa zonse zomwe mungasankhe, kutengera cholinga chomwe muli nacho.
Komabe, vuto ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri kuposa pamenepo. Sizokhudza Docker vs Kuernetes, chifukwa zikadakhala ngati kufananiza zinthu zosiyana kwambiri ndipo mutha kulakwitsa kuganiza kuti muyenera kusankha pakati pawo ndi enawo. Zotsatira za Docker vs Kubernetes ndizopanda pake, m'malo mwake muyenera kulumikiza matekinoloje onsewa kuti athe kuperekera ndi kukulitsa mapulogalamu munjira yabwinoko.
Choyenerera kwambiri chingakhale kufananiza Docker Swarm yokhala ndi Kubernetes. Izi zitha kukhala zopambana, popeza Docker Swarm ndiukadaulo wa Docker orchestration wopanga masango azidebe. Ngakhale, ngakhale pamenepo sichingakhale chopambana kwathunthu ... M'malo mwake, Kubernetes idapangidwa kuti iziyenda limodzi, yokhoza kulumikiza magulu amitundu pamlingo wopanga moyenera, pomwe Docker amachita motere.
Kusiyana kwa Docker vs Kubernetes
Sungani zosiyana, ngati mukufuna kudziwa zosiyana pakati pa Docker Swarm ndi Kubernetes, angakhale:
- Kubernetes imaphatikizapo zosankha zambiri za makonda akusowa mu Docker Swarm.
- Docker Swarm ndi zosavuta kukonza chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavuta kuphatikizika ndi chilengedwe cha Docker.
- Mu cambio, a Kulolerana vuto Kubernetes ndiyokwera, komwe kumatha kukhala kosangalatsa m'malo monga ma seva omwe amapezeka kwambiri.
- Docker Swarm ndi mwachangu pokhudzana ndi kutumizidwa ndikukula kwa zotengera.
- Kubernetes gawo lake limapereka amatitsimikizira kwambiri ku masango.
- El katundu kugwirizanitsa ku Kubernetes kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bwino, ngakhale sizimangochitika zokha monga ku Docker.
- Kubernetes amapereka kusinthasintha kwabwinoko, ngakhale m'mapulogalamu ovuta.
- Docker Swarm imathandizira mpaka 2000 mfundo, poyerekeza ndi 5000 pa Kubernetes.
- Kubernetes ndi wokometsedwa masango ang'onoang'ono ambiri, pomwe ma Dockers ndi gulu lalikulu.
- Kubernetes ndi zovuta, Zosavuta Docker.
- Kubernetes imatha kuloleza gawani malo osungira pakati pa chidebe chilichonse, pomwe Docker ndi yocheperako ndipo imangogawana pakati pa zidebe zomwe zili mu pod yomweyo.
- Docker Swarm imalola kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yachitatu polemba mitengo ndi kuwunika, Kubernetes imaphatikizira zida zake zomangidwa.
- Docker Swarm imangokhala 95.000 zilipo, pomwe Kubernetes ikhoza kuthandizira mpaka 300.000.
- Pomwe Docker ali ndi dera lalikulu Kubernetes imathandizidwanso ndi makampani monga Microsoft, Amazon, Google, ndi IBM.
- Docker imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani monga Spotify, Pinterest, eBay, Twitter, ndi zina zambiri. Pomwe Kubernetes amakonda 9GAG, Intuit, Buffer, Evernote, ndi zina zambiri.
Phindu
Popeza tawona zosiyana, tsopano ndi nthawi ya ubwino aliyense:
- Kubernetes:
- Kusavuta kwautumiki ndi nyemba zosankhwima.
- Kupangidwa ndi Google, wodziwa zambiri m'makampani opanga mitambo.
- Gulu lalikulu komanso zida zoyimbira.
- Zosankha zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma SAN am'deralo komanso mitambo yamagulu.
- Docker:
- Kukonzekera koyambirira komanso kosavuta.
- Imasanja mitundu yazosunga kuti muwone kusiyanasiyana.
- Kuthamanga.
- Zolemba zabwino kwambiri.
- Kudzipatula pakati pa mapulogalamu.
kuipa
Koma zoyipa:
- Kubernetes:
- Kusuntha kovuta kwambiri.
- Kukhazikitsa kovuta ndi njira yosinthira.
- Zosagwirizana ndi zida zomwe zilipo kale za Docker.
- Kukhazikitsa gulu limodzi ndizovuta.
- Docker:
- Sipereka njira yosungira.
- Kutsata koyipa.
- Palibe kusinthanso kwazokha kwama mfundo osagwira.
- Zochita ziyenera kuchitidwa mu CLI.
- Kuwongolera kwamanja kwa zochitika zingapo.
- Muyenera kuthandizidwa ndi zida zina.
- Kutumiza kovuta kwamagulu amodzi.
- Palibe chithandizo chofufuza zaumoyo.
- Docker ndi kampani yopanga phindu ndipo zina mwazinthu zofunikira, monga Docker Engine ndi Docker Desktop, sizomwe zimayambira.
Docker vs Kubernetes: Kutsiliza
Monga mungaganizire, sizovuta kusankha pakati pa chimodzi kapena chimzake. Nkhondo ya Docker vs Kubernetes ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe ingawonekere. Ndipo zonse zimadalira cholinga chomwe muli nacho. Chimodzi kapena chimzake chidzagwirizana bwino, ndipo ndiye yomwe muyenera kusankha.
Nthawi zina zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito Kubernetes ndi Docker kudzakhala bwino kwambiri pazosankha zonse. Ntchito zonsezi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi. Izi zitha kukonza chitetezo cha zomangamanga komanso kupezeka kwakukulu kwa mapulogalamu. Mutha kupanga mapulogalamu kukhala owopsa.
Ndemanga za 3, siyani anu
Zikomo kwambiri ! Zikumveka bwino kwa ine, ndipo koposa zonse kumvetsetsa kuti monga nthawi zambiri, palibe chabwino kapena choyipa, ngati si nkhani yosankha yoyenera kwambiri.
Mwinamwake ndikungofunika chitsanzo chomveka bwino kuti ndimvetsetse momwe imodzi imagwirira ntchito bwino, ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito limodzi.
Komanso, ndi njira ziti zina zomwe tili nazo pulogalamu yamtunduwu?
Ndipo ndi ntchito ziti zomwe ife omwe tayamba kudziwa zamakontena, kuti tiwone zochitika zenizeni popanda kuyembekezera kugwira ntchito m'makampani akulu?
Ndikuganiza kuti china chake chimatanthauziridwa molakwika apa, docker ndi woyang'anira chidebe, sichingafanane ndi Orchestrator.
Kufananitsa kungakhale pakati pa Docker Swarm vs Kubernetes.
Zikuwoneka kuti pakupanga kwa malo okongola awa (osangalatsa kwenikweni m'malingaliro anga), mawu ena adadutsidwa.