Kukonzekera: Zipangizo Zamakono Zopezeka za 2019

The Virtualization of Operating Systems (OS) kwenikweni imakhala yokhala ndi mwayi wogawana nawo mu Hardware yomweyo ma Operating Systems omwe akugwira ntchito m'njira yodziyimira payokha. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu, omwe alipo ambiri pamsika wama kompyuta ndipo pali njira zingapo zaulere komanso zamalonda.

Matekinoloje onse omwe alipo pakadali pano ali ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukhazikitsa kwawo, kasinthidwe, kagwiritsidwe, kapezekedwe komanso kupezeka kwa zolembedwa zofunikira kuti athe kuzidziwa. Koma zonse zimangoyang'ana pakukhazikitsa mu Meyi kapena kuchepa kwa pafupifupi OS aliyense (mlendo) kapena OS (wolandila), kuti athe kuyesa pafupifupi OS iliyonse popanda kukhala ndi hard drive.

Kufunika kwa Kukhathamiritsa

Kaya ndikupanga OS yathunthu kapena 1 kapena zingapo zogwiritsa ntchito, kuzindikira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri Popeza zimatilola kukulitsa kuthekera kwathu ndi kuthekera kwathu papulatifomu yathu yapano (makompyuta / netiweki).

Kwa onse omwe amagwira ntchito kapena kusangalala ndi Ukadaulo, ndikofunikira kuti muzikhala ndi zatsopano zomwe zachitika mmenemo., mwina kuwonjezera luso lathu pantchito, kukonza zokolola pantchito yathu kapena kungothandiza kuphunzira ndi / kapena kuphunzitsa zaposachedwa kwambiri pa sayansi yamakompyuta.

Wokonda makompyuta, nthawi zambiri wogwiritsa ntchito nyumba yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito OS nthawi zambiri kufuna kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito maubwino a OS wina wodziwika kapena ayi, osafunikira kupanga makompyuta anu.

Ndipo matekinoloje omwe amachititsa kuti izi zitheke ndi Virtualization of Operating Systems, zomwe zimangokhala zokhoza kugawana mu HW yomweyo ma Operating Systems omwe akugwira ntchito m'njira yodziyimira payokha.

Ukadaulo wapano wa HW wapangitsa ukadaulo uwu kusintha kwambiri, ndiye kuti ntchito zomwe zimathandizira, zomwe lero zimatilola kuyendetsa imodzi kapena zingapo zogwirira ntchito zosiyana ndi zathu ndi zathu, tili ndi mphamvu zenizeni zomwezo ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zofanana kapena zazikulu kuposa ngati zidakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji pa HW yathu.

Ubwino wa Kusintha

• Sungani ndalama zowonongera zida zatsopano.
• Pewani Kuyanjana Kwadongosolo
• Kusunga kwa maola / ntchito mwa Kupanga makina otentha.
• Kusunga kwa maola / ntchito ndi Kusuntha kwa machitidwe otentha
• Kusavuta kukhazikitsidwa kwa Malo Oyesera
• Sinthani kudzipatula kwa Zida, Mapulogalamu ndi Ntchito
• Sinthani Chitetezo ndi Mbiri yazomwe mungapeze mwa Zida ndi Machitidwe
• Kukhazikika ndi changu chobwezeretsa Zida, Mapulogalamu ndi Ntchito.

Zoyipa za Virtualization

• Zotheka kubwerera m'munsi
• Zofooka Zomwe Zingachitike
• Kuchulukitsa ntchito chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa MV
• Kuchuluka kwangozi chifukwa chokhazikitsidwa pakati pa MV
• Zowopsa zosagwirizana kapena zosakhazikika pamitundu ya VM

Zamakono Zamakono

Njira zamakono zomwe zilipo zimagwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika kuti "Hypervisor" kapena "Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)", zomwe sizoposa Virtualization Platform yomwe, ndiye kuti, ukadaulo womwe umatilola kuti tigwiritse ntchito, nthawi yomweyo, ma OS angapo pa wolandila alendo (physical Server).

Pakadali pano, ma Hypervisors amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Type 1 (Wachibadwidwe, Wachitsulo-chitsulo): Ma Hypervisors awa ndi njira yothetsera mapulogalamu omwe amayendetsedwa molunjika pa HW yeniyeni ya Host Host (physical Server) kuwongolera HW ndikuwunika ma OS angapo. Machitidwe oyendetsedwa bwino amayenda pamlingo wina pamwamba pa Hypervisor.

Ena mwa odziwika bwino a Type 1 Hypervisors ndi awa:

1. Citrix XenServer
2. Citrix Hypervisor
3. Microsoft Hyper V Server
4. Kutsatsa VE
5. VMware: ESX / ESXi / ESXi Free / vSphere Hypervisor
6. Xen
7. Xtratum

Ma Hypervisors amtundu wa 1 nawonso akhoza kukhala amitundu iwiri:

1. Monolithic
2. Wolemba Microkernel

• Lembani 2 (Yokhala): Ma Hypervisors awa ndi pulogalamu yamapulogalamu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa OS (Linux, Windows, Mac OS) kuti igwiritse ntchito ma Operating Systems ena. Mwanjira imeneyi, kutengera mawonekedwe kumachitika wosanjikiza kutali ndi HW ngati tingaufanizire ndi ma hypervisors amtundu wa 1. Ndizomveka, izi zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito achepetse mtundu wa 2 hypervisors.

Zina mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri Type 2 Hypervisors ndi izi:

1. bhve
2. Mabokosi Achimake
3. Makina Okhazikika a Kernel (KVM)
4. VMware: Malo ogwirira ntchito, Seva, Player ndi Fusion
5. Microsoft: Virtual PC, Virtual Server
6. Kufanana Kwadongosolo
7. QEMU
8. Kusintha kwa Red Hat Enterprise
9. Sandboxie
10. VM Lite
11. Woyang'anira wa Virt
12. Virtualbox
13. Virtuozzo Hypervisor

M'mabuku ena, Hybrid Virtualization imakonda kutchulidwa, yomwe, monga dzina lake limanenera, imakhala ndikukhazikitsa munthawi yomweyo mitundu iwiri ya Operating Systems Virtualization yomwe tatchulayi. Matekinoloje ena odziwika bwino oyenera kutchulidwa ndi omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi mtambo kapena Zidebe. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Kusintha kwa Mtambo

1. Mapulogalamu a Webusaiti a Amazon (AWS)
2. Mphamvu ya IBM
3. OracleVM
4. Windows Azure

• Chidebe Virtualization

1. Docker
2. Kubernetes
3. Linux-vserver
4. Mtengo wa LXC
5. Zowonjezera
6. Panamax
7. rkt
8. Zosawerengeka
9. Wachilendo
10. Chidebe cha Windows

Chidule

Kudziwa mtundu wa Virtualization Technology wabwino kwambiri kutengera zosowa ndi mtundu wa bizinesi ya Gulu komanso kuthekera kwa Ogwira Ntchito ku IT omwe amagwira ntchito pamenepo. Koma mwachidule titha kudziwa kuti mtundu wa 1 hypervisor umathamanga kuposa mtundu wa 2 hypervisor, popeza woyamba amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi HW ya seva. Mtundu 1 Hypervisor suyenera kuthana ndi OS ndi magawo angapo omwe nthawi zambiri amachepetsa kuthekera kwa ma Hypervisors omwe amakhala nawo.

Pomaliza kuti ndi mtundu 1 Hypervisor tidzapeza magwiridwe antchito, kukhazikika komanso kukhazikika. Koma, m'malo mwake, tili ndi kuti ndiukadaulo wamtunduwu HW yothandizidwa ndiyochepa chifukwa imamangidwa ndimayendedwe ochepa a oyendetsa ndipo kukhazikitsa kwake kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Ngakhale muli ndi ma Type 2 Hypervisors omwe ndi otchuka komanso odziwika kwa aliyense ndipo afulumizitsa mayendedwe azomwe mungachite kuti mugwirizane kwambiri popeza ali ndi matrix ambiri a HW, popeza amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu. Mwachitsanzo, Type 2 Hypervisor itha kuyikidwa pa laputopu mosavuta kuposa mtundu wa Hypervisor. Komanso, Type 1 Hypervisors ndiyosavuta kuyisintha chifukwa imagwira ntchito ndi OS.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ambiri pamutuwu, ndikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge pepala logwira ntchito lomwe likupezeka mu izi kulumikizana.