Oyang'anira Mawindo: Zithunzi Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi za GNU / Linux

Kuyambira chiyambi cha GNU / Linux, kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa Zithunzi Zogwiritsa Ntchito (GUI) kupezeka kukukula. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mpikisano wina wakula pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito, atsopano komanso odziwa zambiri, za zomwe zili zabwino pakati pazosankha zambiri zomwe zilipo kale.

Komabe, zosankha zomwe zilipo pakadali pano GUI ya GNU / Linuxndiye kuti Oyang'anira Zenera (Oyang'anira Windows - WM, m'Chingelezi) chotchuka kwambiri kapena chodziwika bwino, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chophatikizika mkati mwa odziwika komanso chokwanira Malo okhala pakompyuta (Malo Opanga Maofesi - DE, m'Chingelezi) pomwe ena ambiri, odziwika bwino, koma mwina osadziwika bwino kapena ogwiritsa ntchito, nthawi zambiri amabwera osadalira a Malo Osungira Zinthu mwachindunji.

Tiyeni tikumbukire kuti, pakati pa a Malo Osungira Zinthu ndi Windo la Window pali kusiyana kowoneka bwino polankhula za a Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito ya GNU / Linux.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuwunikira zakupezeka kwa X Tsamba lazenera (X Mawindo, mu Chingerezi), which Imadziwika kuti ndi maziko omwe amalola kujambula pazenera. Monga, X Mawindo imapereka chithandizo chomwe chimalola kuyenda kwa mawindo, kulumikizana ndi kiyibodi ndi mbewa, ndikukoka windows. Ndipo zonsezi ndizofunikira pakompyuta iliyonse yazithunzi.

Poganizira izi, titha kumvetsetsa kuti ndi Woyang'anira zenera ndi Malo Osungira Zinthu.

Woyang'anira zenera

Ndi chidutswa cha chithunzi chomwe chimayang'anira kuyika ndi mawonekedwe azenera. Ndipo zimafuna X Mawindo kugwira ntchito koma osati kuchokera ku Malo Osungira Zinthu, ya mawonekedwe oyenera. Ndipo malinga ndi ArchLinux Wiki Yovomerezeka, m'chigawo chake choperekedwa ku «Oyang'anira Windows«, Izi zidagawika m'magulu atatu, omwe ndi awa:

• Kuchita: Zomwe zimatsanzira mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a Windows ndi OS X, chifukwa chake, zimayang'anira windows ngati zidutswa za pepala pakompyuta, zomwe zitha kupakidwa pamwamba pake.
• Kulemba: Mitundu ya "mosaic" pomwe mawindo samalumikizana, ndipo pomwe nthawi zambiri pamakhala kugwiritsa ntchito njira zazifupi, ndipo kudalira kogwiritsa ntchito mbewa kumapezeka.
• Mphamvu: Zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha mawonekedwe azenera pakati pa matailosi kapena zoyandama.

Malo okhala pakompyuta

Ndi chinthu kapena dongosolo lomwe limaphatikizidwa kwambiri kuposa Windo la Window. Ndipo chifukwa chake zimafunikira zonse ziwiri X Mawindo ngati Windo la Window, kugwira ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi awo kapena / kapena amagwiritsa ntchito WM imodzi kapena angapo odziyimira pawokha kuti agwire bwino ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti a Malo Osungira Zinthu Kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo mapulogalamu omwe amaphatikizidwa kuti mapulogalamu onse adziwane, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu gulu (taskbar) zomwe zimathandizira ntchito zina monga kuyika zazing'ono zinthu (ma widget) kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kapena chidziwitso chokomera ogwiritsa ntchito.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za Malo okhala pakompyuta, tikupangira kuti tiwunikenso zomwe tidalemba m'mbuyomu:

• GNOME
• KDE Plasma
• XFCE
• Saminoni
• mwamuna kapena mkazi
• LXDE
• Mtengo wa LXQT
• Deepin, Pantheon y Budgie
• Utatu ndi Moksha
• KUI

Oyang'anira Mawindo motsutsana ndi Malo Opangidwira

Mwiniwake ku Makina apakompyuta apadera

1. Metacity: Kuchokera ku GNOME
2. Mutter: Kuchokera ku GNOME Shell
3. KWin: Kuchokera ku KDE ndi KDE Plasma
4. Zithunzi za XFWM: Kuchokera ku XFCE
5. Muffin: Kuchokera ku Sinamoni
6. Marco: Matte
7. ChidziwitsoWM: Kuchokera ku Deepin
8. Gala: Kuchokera Pantheon
9. Zamgululi: Kuchokera kwa Budgie
10. UKWM: Kuchokera ku UKUI

Odziyimira pawokha pa Malo Osungira Makompyuta

1. 2BWM: https://github.com/venam/2bwm
2. 9WM: https://github.com/9wm/9wm
3. AEWM: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/aewm
4. Pambuyo pake: http://afterstep.org/
5. WM yoopsa: https://awesomewm.org/
6. Malangizo: https://berrywm.org/
7. black box: https://github.com/bbidulock/blackboxwm
8. BSPWM: https://github.com/baskerville/bspwm
9. Byobu: https://byobu.org/
10. Kupanga: http://www.compiz.org/
11. CWM: https://github.com/leahneukirchen/cwm
12. DWM: http://dwm.suckless.org/
13. Chidziwitso: http://www.enlightenment.org
14. ZoipaWM: https://github.com/nikolas/evilwm
15. EXWM: https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm
16. Bokosi la Flux: http://www.fluxbox.org
17. FLWM: http://flwm.sourceforge.net/
18. VWF: https://www.fvwm.org/
19. Chifunga: http://www.escomposlinux.org/jes/
20. Zitsamba zobiriwira: https://herbstluftwm.org/
21. I3WM: https://i3wm.org/
22. IceWM: https://ice-wm.org/
23. Ioni: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/ion/
24. JWM: https://joewing.net/projects/jwm/
25. MatchBox: https://www.yoctoproject.org/software-item/matchbox/
26. metisse: http://insitu.lri.fr/metisse/
27. Musca: https://github.com/enticeing/musca
28. MWM: https://motif.ics.com/
29. OpenBox: http://openbox.org/wiki/Main_Page
30. Pekwm: https://github.com/pekdon/pekwm
31. PlayWM: https://github.com/wyderkat/playwm
32. Qtile: http://www.qtile.org/
33. Zowononga: http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/
34. Sawfish: https://sawfish.fandom.com/wiki/Main_Page
35. Masewera: https://github.com/conformal/spectrwm
36. Kutchinahttps://github.com/ValveSoftware/SteamOS/wiki/steamcompmgr
37. ChotsitsaWMChidumule
38. Shuga: https://sugarlabs.org/
39. SwayWM: https://swaywm.org/
40. TWM: https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.6/doc/man/man1/twm.1.xhtml
41. UltimateWM: http://udeproject.sourceforge.net/
42. Zithunzi za VTWMhttp://www.vtwm.org/
43. wayland: https://wayland.freedesktop.org/
44. Wingo: https://github.com/BurntSushi/wingo
45. WM2: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wm2/
46. WMFS: https://github.com/xorg62/wmfs
47. WMX: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wmx/
48. Wopanga Mawindo: https://www.windowmaker.org/
49. WindowLab: https://github.com/nickgravgaard/windowlab
50. Xmonad: https://xmonad.org/

Pomaliza

Tikukhulupirira izi "positi yaying'ono yothandiza" za «Gestores de Ventanas», yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati kapena kunja kwa a «Entorno de Escritorio», ndiye kuti, kudalira kapena kudziyimira pawokha mwa izi, ndichofunikira kwambiri komanso chothandiza, chonsecho «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» ndikuthandizira pakufalitsa zachilengedwe, zazikulu komanso zokula zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito «GNU/Linux».

Kuti mumve zambiri, musazengereze kuyendera aliyense Laibulale ya pa intaneti Como OpenLibra y kodi kuwerenga mabuku (ma PDF) pamutuwu kapena ena madera azidziwitso. Pakadali pano, ngati mumakonda izi «publicación», osasiya kugawana nawo ndi ena, mu Masamba okondedwa, mayendedwe, magulu, kapena madera a malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, makamaka aulere komanso otseguka ngati Matimoni, kapena otetezeka komanso achinsinsi ngati uthengawo.

Kapena ingoyenderani tsamba lathu kunyumba ku KuchokeraLinux kapena kujowina Channel yovomerezeka Telegalamu yochokera ku DesdeLinux kuwerenga ndi kuvotera izi kapena zofalitsa zina zosangalatsa pa «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» ndi mitu ina yokhudzana ndi «Informática y la Computación», ndi «Actualidad tecnológica».