DNS uye DHCP yakavhurikaSUSE 13.2 "Harlequin" - SMB Networks

General index yeakateedzana: Computer Networks yeSMEs: Sumo

Chinangwa chakakosha chechinyorwa chino kuratidza kuti tingaite sei a DNS uye server yeDHCP mune yakavhurikaSUSE kuburikidza neyakanaka kwazvo YaST yekugadzirisa chishandiso, uye zvese -kana kuda- kuburikidza neayo graphical interface.

Isu tinokuvimbisa iwe kumisikidza kuzere kuburikidza graphical interface, kunze kweku -Mutemo wega wega une zvawo, handiti?- yevaviri vekunyaradza kuti vatarise mashandiro akanaka evaviri Bind9 + ISC-DHCP-Server, yakagadzirirwa kushandisa iyo YaST - Zvakare imwe Setup Chishandiso inova seti yemidziyo yakanaka kwazvo yesoftware manejimendi uye kugadzirisa system.

Yekutanga sevhisi -uye yakakosha pane edu maitiro maitiro- ayo anofanirwa kuitiswa muSME Network, ibasa DNS - DHCP. Kana isu tisingade kumisikidza maneneti maratidziro epamhepo eimwe neumwe emabasa, hatifanire kuita pasina sevhisi yeDHCP, sekutsanangurwa kwayakazoitwa. Kune zvekare nguva yebasa kana NTP.

DNS: kumashure

Muna Kubvumbi 2013 takaburitsa mu DesdeLinux akateedzana ezvinyorwa zvishanu zvakatsaurirwa kuita yekutanga DNS pane Debian:

• Yekutanga Master DNS yeLAN pane Debian 6.0 (I)
• Yekutanga Master DNS yeLAN pane Debian 6.0 (II)
• Yekutanga Master DNS yeLAN pane Debian 6.0 (III)
• Yekutanga Master DNS yeLAN pane Debian 6.0 (IV)
• Yekutanga Master DNS yeLAN pane Debian 6.0 (V)

Kuunganidzwa kwezvinyorwa zviri pamusoro muHTML fomati zvakatopihwa kurodha Kunyangwe zvakanyorwa -kareko- Naiyo Debian "Svina" kuburitswa, tsananguro uye pfungwa dzakafukidzwa mazviri dzinoramba dzichinyatso kushanda.

Ndokusaka isu tisiri kuzoita yakarongeka Nhanganyaya kune iyo DNS nyaya. Verenga izvo zvinyorwa kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo, kwavanopawo zvinongedzo kune akasarudzika DNS mabhuku.

En vhura, akakosha mafolda uye mafaera ane chekuita nebasa iri ndeaya:

• archive /etc/named.conf
• folda /etc/named.d
• archive / etc / sysconfig / named
• mapurogiramu / usr / sbin / named-checkconf, / usr / sbin / named-checkzone, / usr / sbin / named-compilezone, / usr / sbin / named-journalprint
• folda / usr / share / doc / mapakeji / kusunga /
• folda / var / lib / akatumidzwa /
• folda / var / lib / akatumidzwa / dyn /
• archive /etc/init.d/named
• chiratidzo chekufananidza / usr / sbin / rcnamed
  

DHCP

Chinangwa cheDynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), ndeyekupa maratidziro epaseti yepakati-kuburikidza neDHCP server- pachinzvimbo chekugadzirisa wega wega nzvimbo yekushandira. Komputa yakagadzirirwa kushandisa DHCP haina simba pamusoro payo static IP kero. Iyi komputa yemutengi inogadzirirwa nenzira yekuti inobvumidza yayo netiweki kugadziridza otomatiki, zvinoenderana neserver rairo.

DHCP sevhisi inoita kuti hupenyu huve nyore kune ma Network Administrators. Nekugadzirisa iyo DHCP server, unogona kutsanangura parameter senge domain zita, gedhi, nguva kana nguva server, DNS maseva, WINS server kana ikashandiswa, shambadzira IP kero - nhepfenyuro, IP kero uye network mask yekombuta yemutengi, zita rekombuta yekombuta, uye mamwe akawanda ma parameter.

Chero shanduko, kunyangwe shanduko huru kumiparamende ine chekuita neIP kero uye maratidziro enetiweki, inogona kuitwa nepakati, kana isu tikachinja kana kushandura marongero eDHCP server.

Kazhinji, iyo DHCP sevha inochengeta rekodhi yakazara ye IP kero yakapihwa kana lease, uye kazhinji kiyi paramende ndiyo kero yeMAC yechero network kadhi kana NIC - Network inowanikwa Kadhi. MukuvhuraSUSE, iyo IP kero yakaderedzwa kana mareesi akapihwa neDHCP anochengetwa mufaira /var/lib/dhcp/db/dhcpd.leases.

Package dhcp-doc, iyo yakaiswa mufaira / usr / share / doc / mapakeji / dhcp-doc, inopa zvinyorwa zvakanaka kwazvo - muChirungu- nezve sevhisi iyi.

Iyo DHCP server yekumisikidza faira iri /etc/dhcpd.conf. Imwe faira yekugadzirisa DHCP iri / etc / sysconfig / dhcpd, uye ndipo paunotsanangudza kuti ndeapi network network -kana ndeapi maratidziro eneti- sevha inopindura

Uye sezvo isu tiri pakati pe systemd, isu zvakare tine iyo faira /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.

Sezvo isu takavimbisa kusashandisa koni, isu takasiya mimwe mibvunzo kune vadikani ve Bash. Nezve zvinyorwa Iyo Console Hairume.

Mazano

Kunyangwe isu takavimbisa kusashandisa koni yacho kunze kwenguva dzinoverengeka, isu tinokurudzira mhanya unotevera mirairo -semudzi- mushure mekunge iyo DNS - DHCP sevhisi yapa ingangoita imwe inesimba IP kero, iyo inofungidzira kuti vapedza kumisikidza kuzere kweese masevhisi uye vari munguva yemahara yekutarisa:

• systemctl chinzvimbo chinonzi.service
• systemctl chinzvimbo dhcpd.service
• systemctl chimiro dhcp-server.service
• yakanzi-journalprint /var/lib/named/dyn/desdelinux.fanX.jnl

Kune vanorwara ve «shanduro»Tinokurudzira kuti utarise -kunyanya kumisi yemisoro- kumafaira:

• /etc/init.d/named
• /etc/init.d/nfs
• /etc/init.d/cifs
• /etc/init.d/rpmconfigcheck

uye zvakajairika kune ese mafaera ari mufaira /etc/init.d.

DNS mibvunzo inogadzirwa neWindows vatengi

Zvekare, uye mune koni, mhanya semushandisi mudzi rairo:

• chinyorwa -f

Pedza imwe nguva uchiona maWindows vatengi vachiramba vachitsvaga DNS yemasaiti ari kunze kweiyo Enterprise LAN. Mumuenzaniso wakagadzirwa muchinyorwa chino, hapana redirector anosanganisirwa - kumberi, nechinangwa chakajeka chekuratidza chimiro cheMicrosoft® Windows masisitimu anoshanda.

Iyo kernel iyo inoisa yakavhurikaSUSE ine desktop desktop

• Ndiko kusarudza kwedu kushandisa musimboti wakatsiga sezvinobvira kune iyo servidores. Ipapo isu tinokurudzira maitiro ekuzviita.

Sezvo isu tinosarudza kuisirwa neLXDE desktop, kuvhuraSUSE kuisa nekumisikidza iyo «kernel-desktop»Yakagadzirirwa pamatafura.

Kana isu tikazoda kushandisa yakajairwa kernel - kernel-defaultIsu tinongofanirwa kuiisa kuburikidza neYaST Package Manager, titangise sisitimu, sarudza «Yepamberi sarudzo dzekuvhuraSUSE»Pane chidzitiro chekumba, uye sarudza iyo kernel-default. Shanduro dzese tsanga dzakafanana.

Chekupedzisira, isu tinofanirwa kubvisa iyo kernel-desktop kuburikidza neMutariri wePakeji mumwe chete, kubvira iyo GRUB anozviona zviri zvechinyakare kupfuura izvo kernel-default, uye kana iripo ichagara ichisarudza senzira yekutanga. Sezvo isu tisingade "kutenderedza tichitenderedza" iyo GRUBTinosarudza kubvisa desktop kernel, nekuda kwekuti hatichazoishandisa zvakare.

chitsamba: Patinobvisa sisitimu kubva kernel-desktop, ese akaiswa mavhezheni eiyo kernel anobviswa otomatiki. Tinogona kutarisa izvi zvakare nekusarudza "Yepamberi sarudzo dzekuvhuraSUSE" pachikona chekumba

Mazano akakosha

• Usatanga mukana wekuti ushandise DNS - DHCP sevhisi nechero hurongwa hwekushandisa, usati watanga kujekesa iwo akakosha edzidziso dzepfungwa. Nemasevhisi akakosha kunetiweki seDNS, zvikanganiso zvepfungwa zvinobhadhara zvakanyanya munzvimbo yekugadzira.

Sevhisi dzatinogona kudzima kuchengetedza zviwanikwa

Kuburikidza neiyo module yeYST «Service Manager», kana kumisikidza kwese kwapera uye kuitira kuchengetedza zvishandiso zvehardware, tinogona kudzima nhevedzano yemasevhisi ayo, mune ino kesi, asina kukosha. Mienzaniso:

• makapu: kudhinda system Yakajairika Unix Kudhinda Sisitimu
• - lvm2-lvmetad: Inonzwisisika Vhoriyamu Maneja metadata daemon, chete kana isu tisingashandise zvine musoro mavhoriyamu
• ModemManager: Modems Manager

Zvirevo

Ndiri muvengi weshanduro, ok?

• GRUB: raira koni GRuye Unified Booloader
• NTP: NEtwork Tzita Protocol. Protocol inoshandiswa mukuenzanisira kwemaawa emakomputa akasiyana kuburikidza netiweki
• Lan: Nharaunda yenharaunda - Llocal Area NEtwork
• SPF: «Sender Policy Sisitimu«. Anti SPAM mashandiro anotendera tsamba server kuti ione kuti iyo SMTP mavambo inoshanda kune kero yekutumira email.
• TSIG: Transaction siginecha - Transaction SIGmuzvarirwo. Inotsanangurwa mu RFC 2845 "Chakavanzika Key Transaction Kuvimbiswa kweDNS«
• UUID: Yakasarudzika Universal Chitupa - Yepasirese Yakasarudzika Chitupa

Nhanho-nhanho kumisikidza kuburikidza nemifananidzo

Isu takatora zviyero makumi manomwe nenomwe zvekuratidzira Nhanho nedanho sekutendeka sezvinobvira. Mune yega yega yekuisa skrini, kuvhuraSUSE kunoita kuti basa redu rive nyore nekuvapo kweRubatsiro bhatani - Rubatsiro-kazhinji inowanikwa muzasi kuruboshwe.

Hatizopa tsananguro yeimwe neimwe skrini sezvo ichionekwa seisina basa. Sezvo chirevo ichi chichienda, «Mufananidzo wakakosha chiuru chemazwi".

Kuisa rutsigiro

Senzira yekumisikidza isu tinokwanisa kushandisa DVD chifananidzo senge icho chataishandisa kugadzira ichi posvo kuvhuraSUSE-13.2-DVD-x86_64.iso, kana imwe vhezheni yepamusoro. Kana iyo michina isina DVD inoridza, kana kana zviri nyore kwatiri kushandisa ndangariro - pen drive, tinogona kuzviita sezvakaratidzwa muchinyorwa Memory neye autostart yekuisa Debian, CentOS, kana kuvhuraSUSE. Mushure mekuisa iyo inoshanda sisitimu, kugadzirira ndangariro iwe yaunogona kuisa uye kushandisa chirongwa Munyori wemifananidzo naSUSE Studio.

Zvisinei isu tinokurudzira test pakutanga pamushini chaiwo.

Kuisirwa, kuziviswa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza uye system kugadzirisa

• Tinokurudzira yevhareji server dns.desdelinux.fan anenge 768 megabytes e RAM uye 20 GiB hard drive. Ndangariro ndedzekuti tichazviita ne graphical interface.
• In the 05 imageNezve iyo Network Kugadziriswa, isu hatizivise chero Zita Server nekuti iro basa ndiro rinofanira kuiswa. Kana iwe ukazivisa imwe sevha, ichaonekwa seye redirector - kumberi, uye tinoda kuita sevhisi nenzira iyi kuti tione kusimbirira kweMicrosoft® Operating Systems pakutsvaga kwavo nzvimbo dzeInternet.
• Isu tinogadzira yakasarudzika yakasarudzika yekumisidzana yezvikamu zvinoenderana neyedu chaiyo kuravira. Inzwa wakasununguka kusarudza nekushandisa iyo yaunoda.
• 15 mufananidzo: "Fstab sarudzo". Isu tinosarudza kuti zvikamu zvacho zvakaiswa zvinoenderana neLABEL yavo - LABEL uye kwete zvinoenderana neUUID yaro, inova sarudzo yekusarudzika. Mushure mekuisa system verenga zvirimo mufaira / etc / fstab.
• Seva yeNTP yekufananidza iyo nguva iri chaizvo iyo Host Hypervisor uko iyo DNS - DHCP server inomhanya.
• Nenzira imwecheteyo yatakasarudza iyo LXDE desktop nekuti inokwana zvakakwana zvido zvedu, unogona kusarudza chero imwe inopihwa neyakaisirwa iyo vhura.
• Zita remushandisi akasarudzwa «Buzz»Ndekukudza kwatinofarira kugovera. Asi hapana. 😉
• In the 22 imageCherekedza kuti isu tinovhura iyo SSH chiteshi muFirewall, uye zvakare gonesa iyo SSH sevhisi.
• Ndokumbira utore nguva yako kana uchisarudza software yekuisa. Iyo yakanakisa Package Manager yakakodzera kufamba, sezvakaratidzwa mu 23 image.
• Mifananidzo 35, 36, 37 uye 38: Mushure mekuisa iyo inoshanda sisitimu kubva kuDVD kana imwe tsigiro, chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita kuzivisa matura ekuvandudza maitiro edu, angave ari emuno kana paInternet. Kwedu, isu tinodzima akasiyana mafosheni anovhuraSUSE pane avo maseva paInternet, uye isu tinowedzera edu ari eMunharaunda. Sezvinei, isu tine zvinyorwa Database, Packman, Updates, oss y Asiri-Oss, Zvakakwanira iro basa rakarongedzerwa, uye kutiita dhesiki nemutemo wese. 😉
• Mifananidzo 39 ne40: Inotanga uye inopedza iyo yekuvandudza yePakeji Maneja weiyo YaST. Pachiratidziro chekutanga tinosiya zvakasarudzika sarudzo. Isu takangobaya bhatani Shandisa.
• Mifananidzo 41, 42 uye 43: Mushure mePakeji Maneja kuzvimisikidza pachayo, inovhura iyo skrini nemapakeji kubva kune yakasara sisitimu kuti ivandudzwe. Mariri, isu tinogamuchirawo zvisarudzika zvisarudzo.
• 44 mufananidzo: Classic skrini yekupedzisa chikamu muLXDE.

Kuiswa uye kumisikidzwa kweDNS uye DHCP masevhisi mune yakavhurikaSUSE

• 47 mufananidzoNgatisakanganwe kugadzira kiyi yakavanzika yekuvandudza kwesimba kwenzvimbo dzeDNS, dzinova desdelinux.fan y 10.168.192.
• 49 mufananidzo: Ngatitarisei zvakanaka pabhokisi rinowanikwa kumusoro «Zvirongwa zvezoni desdelinux.fan«. Isu tinobvumira zvine simba kugadzirisa uye kuendesa zone kune yemuno network hapana chimwe.
• 53 mufananidzo: Kana tikaratidza runyorwa «Tanga:»YeDNS zvinyorwa, tichaona kuti tinogona kuzivisa zvinotevera:
  • A: IPv4 domain name translation
  • AAAA : IPv6 domain name translation
  • CNAME: alias yezita rezita
  • NS: zita server
  • MX: kutumira tsamba
  • SRV: SRV registry revhisi, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu Active Directory uye mamwe masevhisi
  • TXT: Kunyoresa mameseji
  • SPF: Sender Policy Sisitimu
• 54 mufananidzo: kuvhuraSUSE kunoita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve nyore nekusafanira kuzivisa reverse DNS marekodhi. Isu tinobvumidza inoshanduka inodzosera kumashure zone yekuvandudza uye nzvimbo yekuchinjisa kune yemuno network
• 55 mufananidzo: Mushure mekupedza iyo DNS yekumisikidza, hapana zvirinani pane kutarisa mashandiro ayo uye kugadzirisa kurongeka, pachishandiswa akati wandei akareruka console mirairo.
• 56 mufananidzo: Usati wagadzirisa DHCP, isu tinofanirwa kugovera kunetiweki interface iyo isu yatichasarudzira sevhisi iyoyo - inogona kuve imwe kana anopfuura maumbirwo - nzvimbo iri muFirewall. Isu tinosarudza Yemukati Nzvimbo inova iyo yeLAN yedu.
• Mifananidzo 61 ne62: Kuti tizivise iyo inesimba DNS tinofanirwa kuenda ku «Nyanzvi DHCP Server Kugadziridza".
• 63 mufananidzo: Tinosarudza subnet uye tinya pane bhatani «Akafambiswa«, Uye sarudza sarudzo«TSIG kiyi manejimendi".
• 64 mufananidzo: Isu tinosarudza iyo TSIG kiyi inogadzirwa panguva yekugadziriswa kweDNS. Kana iwe usina kuzviita ipapo, iwe unogona kuzviita izvozvi uye kugadzirisa zvakare iyo ine simba yekuvandudza yeDNS nzvimbo maererano nekiyi inogadzirwa pano.
• 65 mufananidzo: Tinodzokera kune yakasarudzwa subnet uye ikozvino tinobaya pane bhatani «Hora".
• 66 mufananidzo: Isu tinosarudza Range rezvatinofarira uye tinya pa «Dynamic DNS".
• 68 mufananidzo: Takatanga timu opensuse-desktop.desdelinux.fan chinova chinhu chechinyorwa chedu chinotevera, icho chatinoisa nekugadzirisa ne dns.desdelinux.fan ichimhanya, uye isu tinotarisa nemirairo yakapfava yekunyaradza iyo DHCP yakagadziridza nenzira kwayo DNS, uye kuti iyo yekumberi uye yekudzosera DNS marekodhi eiyo mutengi inodzoserwa.

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