Dzidza kuita pasina graphical nharaunda

Mhoroi, chinhu chekutanga kutaura kuti ini ndiri fan of the terminal (console, shell, bash) uye ndosaka ndisinganyatsonzwisisa chokwadi chekuti vazhinji vashandisi vane nguva yakaoma kuenderana nayo.
Zvakanaka mune izvi ini ndoda kukusiira iwe mirairo iyo inogona kushandiswa kuita zvinhu zvatinoita zuva nezuva-zuva hwaro. Mabasa akadai sekukwevera ISO chifananidzo kana kugadzira chifananidzo kubva paCD / DVD, kuteerera mimhanzi, kushanda pamifananidzo, nezvimwe.
Mune mamwe mazwi, zvinogona kutaurwa nekuchengetedzeka kuzere kwatingaite pasina mamiriro enzvimbo 🙂

Chero kusahadzika kana mubvunzo, kunyunyuta kana zano maererano nechero iyi mirairo (kana chero imwe isinga oneke pano) ndiudze. Pasina imwezve ado ...

Ikoko ini ndinosiya indekisi kana rondedzero yezviri mune ino posvo:

• - »Maitiro ekugadzira chinongedzo pakati pemafaira
• - »Maitiro ekugadzira chinongedzo pakati pemafolda
• - »Gadzira mufananidzo weCD / DVD
• - »Tarisa UUID yechimwe chikamu
• - »Kwidza uye kudzikisa ISO kubva pane imwe folda kuenda kune imwe folda
• - »Kuongorora data paCD / DVD
• - »Kutsvaga mafaera
• - »Ziva mhando yefaira
• - »Zvakakwana bvisa faira
• - »Nyatso bvisa mhando yefaira mukati mefaira
• - »Chop kana kutsemura mafaera
• - »Joinha mafaira akapatsanurwa
• - »Kuchinja resolution yechiso uye kuzorodza nguva
• - »Tora skrini kana skrini
• - »Chinja mifananidzo kubva pane imwe fomati kuenda pane imwe
• - »Chinja kukura kwemufananidzo
• - »Chinja chifananidzo kubva pamavara chichiita nhema uye chena
• - »Gadzira animated gif ine akati wandei mifananidzo
• - »Bvisa odhiyo kubva muvhidhiyo
• - »Chinja MPEG faira kune AVI
• - »Kudzima PC
• - »Kudzima PC mushure menguva yakati
• - »Kudzima PC pane imwe nguva
• - »Kutangidza PC
• - »Kutangidza PC mushure menguva yakati
• - »Kutangidza PC pane imwe nguva
• - »Uchishandisa karukureta.
• - »Inoratidza zvivakwa uye hunhu hwemufananidzo.
• - »Maitiro ekugadzirisa network.
• - »Tarisa email yako.
• - "Kutarisa paInternet.
• - »Compress uye decompress ese marudzi emafaira.

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Gadzira zvinongedzo pakati pemafaira:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ ln -s / "faira-kero" / "kero-apo-isu-tichaisa-iyo-iyo link"/
Muenzaniso: ln -s /etc/apt/source.list / imba / kzkggaara / zvinyorwa /
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Gadzira zvinongedzo pakati pemafolda:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ ln -s / "folda-kero" / / "kero-apo-isu-tichaisa-iyo-chinongedzo" /
Muenzaniso: ln -s / var / www / / imba / kzkggaara / Yakagadzirirwa /
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Gadzira mufananidzo chaiwo weCD / DVD:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ dd kana = / dev / cdrom ye = / imba / yako_user / zita.iso
Ndozvazvinofanira kunyora, hongu… isu tinofanirwa kutsiva "mushandisi wako”Nezita remushandisi wako (mune yangu "kzkggaara"Y "NombreNezita ripi zvaro raunoda kuti mufananidzo uve naro.
Muenzaniso: dd kana = / dev / cdrom ye = / imba / kzkggaara / Distros / archlinux-2011-05.iso
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Tarisa iyo UUID yechimwe chikamu:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ vol_id -u / dev / "kugovera-kutarisa-kutarisa"
Muenzaniso: vol_id -u / dev / sda3
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Kwidza uye kudzikisa mufananidzo we ISO kubva pane imwe folda kuenda kune imwe folda:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kukwira -t iso9660 -o chiuno / "iso-faira-kero" / "dhairekitori-kwaunoda-iso-zvemukati-kukwira"
Muenzaniso: sudo pagomo -t iso9660 -o loop / imba / kzkggaara / Kutora /archlinux-2011-05.iso / avhareji / temp
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa. Ini zvakare ndinosimbisa nzvimbo dziri pakati pekero kana nzira yeiyo ISO faira uye kero kana nzira yefaira kwarinenge rakaiswa.
Kubvarura: sudo iwepagomo / "Dhairekita-apo-ini-ndakwira-ziso-zvemukati-"
Muenzaniso: sudo umount / avhareji / temp
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Kuongorora iyo data paCD / DVD:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ cdck -d / dev / "chishandiso-chekutarisa"
Muenzaniso: cdck -d / dev / cdrom1
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Kutsvaga mafaera:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ tsvaga / "nzira-yeku-kutsvaga" -zita *. "kuwedzera-kwe-mafaera-isu-tinoda kutsvaga" -print
Muenzaniso: tsvaga / imba / kzkggaara / Mirairo / MCAnime -name * .xcf -print
Cherechedza: Kana pane kuisa "-yam"Takaisa"-kotamaIpapo iko kutsvaga kungave kusinganzwisisike.
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Ziva faira mhando:
Uyu murairo uchatibatsira kuziva kuti ndeupi rudzi rwefaira iyo yatinosarudza. Zviri nyore asi zvinogona kubatsira kwazvo kwatiri nguva nenguva.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ faira / "faira-kero"
Muenzaniso: faira / kumba / kzkggaara / Downloads /avatar.png
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Nyatsodzima folda:
Izvi zvinotibatsira kudzima dhairekitori kana dhairekitori pamwe chete neese mafaera uye madhairekitori arimo.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ rm -r / "folda-kero"
Muenzaniso: rm -r / imba / kzkggaara / Basa / squid-matanda76 /
Cherechedza: Uyu murairo hautumire dhairekitori kana zvirimo kuTrash, izvi zvinoribvisa zvachose. Zvakare, zvinoenderana nezvaunoda kudzima, ivo vachada kana kwete mvumo yekutungamira (kana vachizodzima chimwe chinhu mukati meyavo yega folda, panofanirwa kunge pasina dambudziko).
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Nyatso bvisa imwe mhando yefaira mukati mefaira:
Izvi zvinotibatsira kudzima mhando yefaira mukati mefaira kana dhairekitori.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ rm *. "file-type-extension-iwe-unoda-kudzima" / "kero-ye-iyo-folda-yekutarisa"
Muenzaniso: rm * .jpg / kumba / kzkggaara / Downloads /
Cherechedza: Uyu murairo hautumire dhairekitori kana zvirimo kuTrash, izvi zvinoribvisa zvachose. Zvakare, zvinoenderana nezvaunoda kudzima, ivo vachada kana kwete mvumo yekutungamira (kana vachizodzima chimwe chinhu mukati meyavo yega folda, panofanirwa kunge pasina dambudziko).
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Chop kana kutsemura mafaera:
Izvi zvinotibatsira kupatsanura faira kuita saizi yakatsanangurwa nesu.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ kupatsanurwa -b "chero-saizi-isu-yatiri kuda" k / "kero-ye-iyo-folda-yekutarisa" «zita-rezvikamu-zve-faira »
Muenzaniso: kupatsanurwa -b 40k /home/kzkggaara/Documentos/test.odt test1.odt
Cherechedza: Saizi yacho inopihwa muKB nekukasira, kana iwe uchida kuti ive muMB panzvimbo yeKK saka ingochinja iyo "k"na"m".
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Joinha mafaira akapatsanurwa
Izvi zvinotibatsira kujoina mafaira akambopatsanurwa nemutemo wekuparadzanisa.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ katsi "Zita-re-zvikamu-zve-iyo faira"*> / "Kero-ye-iyo-folda-apo-isu-tichaisa-faira-kamwe-yakabatana"/
Muenzaniso: kati test1 * / imba / kzkggaara/test.odt
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Kuchinja resolution yechiso uye kuzorodza nguva:
Izvi, sezvazvinotaura pamusoro, zvinotibatsira kushandura iyo resolution yesikirini uye yekuvandudza nguva (hertz) asi kutanga zvakafanira kutarisa kuti ndeapi magadziriso escreen anotsigirwa nePC yedu:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo xrandr -q
Mushure mekutarisa kuti resolution yatinoda yatsigirwa, tinoenderera nekuichinja tichishandisa rairo inotevera:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo xrandr -s "inoda-kugadziriswa" -r "yaida-zororo-nguva"
Muenzaniso: sudo xrandr -s 1280 × 1024 -r 70
Cherechedza: Kuti ushandise uyu murairo zviri pachena kuti zvakafanira kuve nedesktop nharaunda yakaiswa, nekuti kana zvisina kudaro isu taizoshandura resolution? kune chinouraya? LOL. Kuti uzive zvakawanda nezvazvo, pano isu tinoburitsa yakatarwa chinyorwa nezve izvi.
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Tora skrini kana skrini:
Nezve izvi ndinokuratidza maitiro ekugadzira skrini yedesktop yedu, sei panzvimbo pekuzviitira kudesktop yedu zvachose tinogona kuzviita pahwindo, maitiro ekuichengeta nezvimwe.
Asi kutanga isu tinofanirwa kuisa diki 4MB package inonzi imagemagick iyo yatinogona kuwana zvese muUbuntu repos uye mune iyo yeDebian uye zvigadzirwa. Mushure mekuiisa ...
Kuti utore iyo desktop ipapo ipapo:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ import -window mudzi / "Kupi-iwe-iwe-uchida-kuponesa-iyo-yekutora"
- » Muenzaniso: import -window mudzi /home/kzkggaara/screenshot.jpg
Kuti utore iyo desktop mushure mechinguva:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ kurara "nhamba-ye-masekondi" s; import -window mudzi / –Kune-kwavanoda-kuchengetedza-iyo-kutora--
- » Muenzaniso: kurara 5s; import -window mudzi /home/kzkggaara/window.jpg // Kubatwa kuchaitika mushure memasekonzi mashanu.
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Chinja mifananidzo kubva kune imwe fomati kuenda kune imwe:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ shandura /"Mufananidzo-iwe-unoda-kutendeuka" / «Mufananidzo-uyo-ucha-kugadzirwa-mushure mekutendeuka-iyo-yapfuura imwe»
Muenzaniso: tendeuka /home/kzkggaara/Downloads/render.png /home/kzkggaara/Downloads/render.jpg
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Chinja kukura kwemufananidzo:
Izvi zvinotibatsira kuwedzera kana kudzikisa saizi yechifananidzo, uye izvi zvinogona kutibatsira kudzikisa huremu hwacho.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ chinja -muenzaniso "zvido-zvidimbu" /«Original-mufananidzo» / «Mufananidzo-uyo-ucha-kugadzirwa-mushure mekushanda-iyo-yapfuura»
Muenzaniso: shandura -muenzaniso 800 × 600 /home/kzkggaara/screenshot.jpg /home/kzkggaara/modified-screenshot.jpg
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Chinja mufananidzo wakaita mutema nechena:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ chinja -muenzaniso /«Original-mufananidzo» - monochrome / «Mufananidzo-uyo-ucha-kugadzirwa-mushure mekushanda-iyo-yapfuura»
Muenzaniso: tendeuka /home/kzkggaara/picture.jpg -monochrome /home/kzkggaara/picture_modified.jpg
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Gadzira animated gif ine yakawanda mifananidzo:
Uyu murairo wandichangobva kudzidza maminetsi mashoma apfuura haha, nemurairo uyu tinogona kugadzira mifananidzo (gif) tichishandisa mafuremu kune mimwe mifananidzo ... inokurumidza, yakapusa uye yakanakisa pane zvese, hatidi ndinofanira kuvhura Gimp hapana chakafanana nazvo kuzviita haha.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ chinja -kunonoka "nguva-pakati-furemu-uye-furemu" "mufananidzo # 1" «Mufananidzo # 2» «mufananidzo # 3 »«mufananidzo # 4 » (... uye zvakawanda sezvavanoda) "Gif-zita" .gif
Muenzaniso: chinja -cherira 300 userbar1.jpg userbar2.jpg userbar3.jpg userbar4.jpg userbarkzkg.gif
Cherechedza: Iyo nguva iri pakati pefreyimu uye furemu (mufananidzo nemufananidzo) iri mumamiriseconds, saka zana = 100 sekondi, 1 = 200 masekondi, 2 = 300 masekondi, 3 = 400 masekondi, nezvimwewo nezvimwe.
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Bvisa odhiyo kubva muvhidhiyo:
Uyu umwewo murairo wakandishamisa pandakauwana, haha ​​handichadi chero software yekubvisa odhiyo nekuti neiyi inogona kuburitswa zvirinyore, kune zvakare mukana wekuti mamwe macodec awakaisa ipapo pachave hapana vhidhiyo faira panguva iyo. yausingakwanise kutora odhiyo kubva. Kuti riite kuti ushande iwe unofanirwa kuve neyakaiswa package mplayer uye zvese zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ mplayer -vo null -dumpaudio -dumpfile / "odhiyo-faira-kuti-riburitswe" / «Vhidhiyo-kubva-iyo-iwe-iwe-unowana-iyo-odhiyo".avi
Muenzaniso: mplayer -vo null -dumpaudio -dumpfile /home/kzkggaara/test.mp3 /home/kzkggaara/Videos/Anime/project.avi
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Chinja iyo MPEG faira kune AVI:
Ini ndinoisa izvi pane kuti mumwe munhu azvide nekuti kutaura chokwadi ini handina kunyatso shandura mavhidhiyo kubva pane imwe fomati kuenda kune imwe, saka ini handizive chaizvo zvakanakira kushandisa imwe kana imwe encoding system, nezvimwe. Kuti rishande unofanirwa kuti pasuru iiswe mplayer uye zvese zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ mencoder / "vhidhiyo-yekushandura" -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec = mpeg4: vpass = 1 -oac kopi -o / "vhidhiyo-inoshandura"
Muenzaniso: mencoder /home/kzkggaara/Downloads/kitty.mpg -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec = mpeg4: vpass = 1 -oac copy -o /home/kzkggaara/Downloads/kittyconverted.avi
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Kuvhara PC:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -h izvozvi
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa.
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Kudzima PC mushure menguva yakatarwa:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -h + "inoda-nguva"
Unofanira kuchinja ""Nguva yakatarwa"”Kuti uverenge kana kuti maminetsi amirire usati wavhara system.
Muenzaniso: sudo kudzima -h +10 // Iyo sisitimu ichavhara pasi maminetsi gumi mushure mokupinda mutsetse wekuraira.
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa.
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Kudzima PC pane imwe nguva:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -h "yaunoda-nguva"
Unofanira kuchinja ""Nguva yakatarwa"”Nedzidziso nguva yavanoda kuti system idzime. Clock mune 24 awa fomati, ndiko kuti; kubva 0 kusvika 23.
Muenzaniso: sudo kudzima -h 22:30 // Iyo sisitimu ichadzima pa22: 30 pm, ndokuti; na10: XNUMX husiku.
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa.
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Kuti utangezve PC:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -r izvozvi
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo reboot
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa. Zvakare, chero eaya maviri apfuura mitsara ita zvakafanana; tangazve PC.
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Kuti utangezve PC mushure menguva yakati:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -r +"Nguva yakatarwa"
Unofanira kuchinja ""Nguva yakatarwa"”Kuti uverenge kana huwandu hwemaminitsi kuti umirire usati watangazve sisitimu.
Muenzaniso: sudo kudzima -r +10 // Iyo sisitimu inotangazve maminetsi gumi mushure mokupinda mutsetse wemirairo.
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa.
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Kuti utangezve PC pane imwe nguva:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo kudzima -r "Nguva yakatarwa"
Unofanira kuchinja ""Nguva yakatarwa"”Nezvakanaka nguva iyo yavanoda kuti iyo system itangezve. Clock mune 24 awa fomati, ndiko kuti; kubva 0 kusvika 23.
Muenzaniso: sudo kudzima —r 22:30 // Iyo sisitimu inotangazve pa22: 30 pm, ndokuti; na10: XNUMX husiku.
Cherechedza: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuisa yedu midzi password nekuti marezinesi ekutungamira anodiwa.
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Uchishandisa karukureta:
Ngatitii isu tinoda kuita kuverenga kwakanyanya kuoma kuzviita nepfungwa, kana isu hatinzwe sekufunga hahaha, mhinduro yeiyi ingave "bc"
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ bc
Mushure mekunyora iwo mirau yakapusa, tinogona kunyora kuverenga kwatinoda kuita:
Muenzaniso: 1 + 49/25
Uye kana uchimanikidza [Pinda] mhedzisiro yaunoda haizoonekwa. Kuti tibude macalculator isu takangoisa kurega.
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Inoratidza zvivakwa uye hunhu hwemufananidzo:
Uyu murairo uchatitaurira chaizvo akasiyana maitiro emufananidzo, sekuwedzera kwayo, saizi, nezvimwe.
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ Ziva "mufananidzo"
Muenzaniso: ziva /home/kzkggaara/banner.png
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Maitiro ekugadzirisa network:
Iyi mirairo yandinosiya pazasi ndinoshandisa yakawanda kugadzirisa iyo network mumaseva uye chaiwo network makadhi.
Kuchinja iyo IP kero isu yatinoisa:
kzkggaara @ tsamba-server: ~ $ ifconfig ethx XXXX
Muenzaniso: ifconfig eth0 192.168.191.1
Cherechedza: eth0 ndiyo default network kadhi (yebhodhi) asi kana iwe uine chero imwe network kadhi saka inenge iri eth1.
Kuchinja iyo netmask:
kzkggaara @ tsamba-server: ~ $ ifconfig netmask XXXX
Kuchinja kero yekutepfenyura:
kzkggaara @ tsamba-server: ~ $ ifconfig nhepfenyuro XXXX
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Tarisa email yako:
Izvi zvisinei nekuti nzira yainoratidzwa haina kunyanya "kunaka", inobatsira nekuti tinochengetedza kuve nekugadzirisa maneja weemail.
Chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita kubatana kune sevha kuburikidza neTELNET:
kzkggaara @ tsamba-server: ~ $ Telnet «server» 110
Muenzaniso: telnet mail.interaudit.cu 110
Cherechedza: Port 110 ndiyo POP3 yekuwana chiteshi.
Chinhu chechipiri ndechekuti isu tichaona inogamuchirwa meseji kubva kuseva, izvo zvino zvinotevera kupinda mukati medu mushandisi:
mushandisi "wedu-mushandisi"
Muenzaniso: mushandisi kzkggaara
Chinhu chechitatu kuisa password kuti upedze iyo login:
pasa «password»
Muenzaniso: Penguin kupfuura
Uye takagadzirira isu tatova mukati, ipapo zvichatiudza kuti mangani maemail atinawo, ndinosiya mirairo inodiwa:
runyorwa: inodzosera runyorwa rwe mameseji uye izvo mumwe nemumwe anogara mumabheti
stats: inotiudza mangani mameseji atinawo uye kuti mangani mabheti avanogara, mune ese
retr "tsamba ID": Ratidza email inoenderana neID yawakanyora.
ipa "tsamba ID": Delete iyo email inoenderana neID yawakanyora.
rset: Dzosa meseji yatakamaka kuti ibviswe neele, usati wavhara musangano.
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Kutarisa paInternet:
Pano ini ndinosiya imwe yedzakawanda nzira dziripo dzekutsvaira internet kubva kune koni kana terminal. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa sezvo isu tichaisa browser rinoshanda pasina X server, mune ino kesi isu toshandisa zvinongedzo2 asi kune mamwe akawanda.
Kuti tiise iyo isu tangoisa:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ sudo apt-tora kuisa zvinongedzo2 (mune nyaya yekushandisa distros yakavakirwa pa Debian)
Uye voila, ikozvino zvangosara kuwana webhusaiti:
kzkggaara @ geass: ~ $ link2 «web»
Muenzaniso: link2 www.mcanime.net
Uye kunyangwe ichitaridzika sechakasiyana nemaitiro atajaira kuchiona, zvinotibatsira kushanyira saiti kana kuwana rumwe ruzivo nekukurumidza Izvo zvakanaka kuti uzive kuti hazvizoregedze CSS kana mifananidzo kana java zvinyorwa haha. Pazasi ini ndinosiya ma shorcuts:

ESC : Ratidza Menyu
^ C, q : Bvisa
^ P, ^ N : Slide kumusoro, slide pasi.
(,) : Rova zvakasimba kuruboshwe, kurudyi, kumusoro, pasi, sarudza chinongedzo.
-> : Tevera chinongedzo.
<- : Dzokera.
g : Enda kuURL.
G : Enda kuURL kunoenderana neazvino URL.
/ : Tsvaga.
? : Tsvaga kumashure.
n : Tsvaga zvinotevera.
N : Tsvaga yapfuura.
= : Gwaro ruzivo.
\ : Gwaro rekodhi kodhi:
d : Kudhaunirodha.

Compress uye decompress ese marudzi emafaira:
Kuti urege kuita kuti ichi chinyorwa chinyanye kureba, ini ndinongosiya chinongedzo kuchinyorwa chatakaburitsa tichitaura pamusoro peichi: Ine iyo terminal: Compress uye decompress mafaera