Matanho ekugadzira LiveCD - DVD - USB kubva pakutanga muDebian uye nemidziyo yayo.

Kutanga kubva pakudiwa kwekugadzira yangu yega LiveCD iyo yandinogona kugadzirisa nguva nenguva uye kugadzirisa zvandinoda, uye nekuziva kufambira mberi mukombuta tekinoroji mumunda weGNU / Linux, ndakaona kushaikwa kudikanwa kwekuisa mamwe mapikicha emifananidzo.

Kutenda kune anotakurika ini handizodi kuisa mapurogiramu ekushandisa mazuva ese kwandiri seGimp, Inskape, Blender, kunyangwe Libreoffice yeimwe nguva. Pasina aya mapurogiramu akaiswa pane yangu system ini ndinochengetedza akati wandei mega-bits mune software nemaraibhurari.

Mifananidzo yeLinux inogona kutorwa pasi kubva kune inotevera saiti:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/portable/files

Ivo vanogona kutogadzira avo pachavo anotakurika nemapurogiramu anotevera kubva kune imwechete saiti:
- AppDirAssistant: Chishandiso chekuisa mapurogiramu, zvakakosha kumhanyisa AppDirAssistant usati waisa software kuti iiswe ported; software yakadaro haigone kuiswa usati wamhanya AppDirAssistant.
- AppImageAssistant: Chishandiso kumanikidza chimiro mune imwechete inozvikwanisa faira mafaera akagadzirwa na

Kugadzira mifananidzo yeimwe software yatove kuiswa iwe unogona kushandisa inotevera chirongwa:

Zve 32 bit
https://github.com/downloads/pgbovine/CDE/cde_2011-08-15_32bit

Zve 64 bit
https://github.com/downloads/pgbovine/CDE/cde_2011-08-15_64bit

Kugadzira zvinotakurika neiyi nzira hakuzotsvage kutsamira kwakaiswa mune yako sisitimu yekushandisa, uye hakuzochengetedze kumisikidzwa mufaira rako remushandisi kunze kwekunge chinongedzo chinogadzirwa mukati mecde-mudzi kana iyo cde. Sarudzo faira inoratidzwa netambo yakafanana ne izvi:

hanya_prefix = / imba

Kuona izvi isu tichaona kuti tinogona kurodha pasi kana kugadzira izvo zvinotarisirwa, kubvisa kudiwa kwekuisa mamwe maapplication kunze kwenzvimbo yedu yepasi, uye nekudaro tidzore nzvimbo yako kana tichigadzira yedu LiveCD.

Development
Sekutaura kunoita musoro wenyaya, tichaona maitiro ekugadzira yedu yega LiveCD kubva pakutanga iyo ichatibvumidza isu kuisa mapurogiramu atinoda kutanga nekuisa yedu base system, kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuita izvi, imwe nenzira yemavara modhi yekumisikidza pasina kunyatso kuisa graphic system uye imwe tichishandisa debootstrap, iyi yekupedzisira kesi ndiyo yatinozotarisa mubhuku rino nekuti inotibvumidza kuti tigadzire yedu system kubva pakutanga pasina chero chirongwa chekuwedzera kune base system.

Kuve neiyo GNU / Linux system, yatove kuiswa isu tichagadzira partition ine saizi inodikanwa yekumisikidza base system pane zvakataurwa partition, ngatione nhanho nhanho maitiro ekugadzira yedu base system ne debootstrap:

Nhanho 1
Isa debootstrap

 # apt-tora kuisa debootstrap

Nhanho 2
Kwidza chikamu chitsva mu / mnt

 # kukwira / dev / sdax / mnt

Nhanho 3
Isa iyo base system pane icho chikamu:

Zve 32 bit

 # debootstrap --arch i386 kugovera / mnt

Zve 64 bit

 # debootstrap --arch amd64 kugovera / mnt

Kugovera kunofanirwa kuchinjirwa kuzita reiyo vhezheni yeGNU / Linux iyo yatiri kuda kuisa, mafaera aya ari / usr / share / debootstrap / zvinyorwaKana iyo faira ine zita rekuparadzira ravari kuzoshandisa isipo, ingo teedzera iyo yazvino vhezheni ine zita reiyo vhezheni uye vhura iyo neyemavara edhita uye panoratidzwa nekero yewebhu, chinja iyo nyowani , semuenzaniso:

Zvinoitika kwandiri kuti ini ndinotora pasi pekuchengetera kubva kune imwe kero uye kwete kubva kune yepamutemo peji, ndicha / usr / share / debootstrap / zvinyorwa Ini ndinoteedzera yazvino vhezheni yeiyi, mune ino kesi ini ndinoshandisa Ubuntu repository (Oneiric) iri mune iyi folda asi kero yekurodha ndeimwe sezvo iri pane yangu pc's hard drive, isu tinovhura iyo faira uye tinoshandura

default_mirror http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

kubudikidza

default_mirror faira: /// path / to / repo / ubuntu

Kana vakawana kanopfuura kamwechete mutsetse une chimiro ichi, vanofanirwa kuchinjazve.

Nhanho 4
Isu tinoshandura iyo inoshanda midzi kubva kune iyo terminal ne chroot uye toenderera nekumisikidza yakakosha software zvinoenderana nezvatinoda.
- Kuchinja Cage

# mount -t proc none / mnt / proc # mount -o bind / dev / mnt / dev

- Kwidza dhisiki rekunze rine iro repository

# mkdir / mnt / media / Disk-Zita # gomo / dev / sdax / mnt / midhiya / Dhisiki-Zita # chroot / mnt

- Mukati mekaji imwechete zvinoratidza kuti ndedzipi zvinyorwa zvekushandisa mu /etc/apt/source.list
nano /etc/apt/source.list
mune yangu kesi kubva pc disk yangu

deb faira: /// midhiya / Diski-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / ubuntu / oneiric main akasiyana-siyana anorambidzwa zvakasikwa dhiza faira: /// media / Disk-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / ubuntu / oneiric-backports main multverse inorambidzwa yezvose dhiza faira: /// media / Disk-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / ubuntu / oneiric-yakarongedzwa main akasiyana-siyana anorambidzwa wepasi rose faira refaira: /// media / Disk-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / ubuntu / oneiric -kuchengetedzwa kukuru kwakasiyana-siyana kwakatemerwa zvakasarudzika dhadhi faira: /// midhiya / Dhisiki-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / ubuntu / oneiric-inogadziridza main akasiyana-siyana akadzivirirwa pasi rose faira refaira: /// media / Disk-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / medibuntu / oneiric yemahara isina-yemahara dhidhi faira: /// media / Disk-Zita / Oniric-Ocelot / girazi / canonical / oneiric mudiwa

Kana tikashandisa nzira yechinyakare kubva pawebhu peji uye isu tinoshandisa kero yekumirira, isu tichafanirwa kuiudza kuti ishandise iyi proxy kubva mukeji imwechete nemirairo inotevera:

# kutumira http_proxy = "http: // mushandisi: password@proxy.name.org: 3128" # kutumira ftp_proxy = "http: // mushandisi: password@proxy.name.org: 3128"

Nhanho 5

# apt-tora yekuvandudza # apt-tora kusimudzira # apt-tora kusimudzira # apt-tora kure-kusimudzira

Nhanho 6
Isa nzvimbo (mitauro)

# aptitude yekuisa locales # dpkg-kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzenzvimbo # aptitude yekuisa localepurge # localepurge

Nhanho 7
Isa iyo vhezheni yekernel yatinozoshandisa, semuenzaniso:

# apt-tora kuisa GNU / Linux-mufananidzo-3.0.0-14-generic depmod 3.0.0-14-generic mushandisi-setup

Nhanho 8
Ramba uchiisa yakakosha software yeiyo chaiyo bhuti yesystem uye inotevera kugadzirwa kweiyo LiveCD.

 # apt-tora kuisa aptitude grub2 sysGNU / Linux squashfs-maturusi kasper archdetect-deb mkisofs genisoimage xorriso console-zvishandiso console-keymaps mc blkid yakaparadzaniswa

Nhanho 9
Gadzira mamwe akakosha ekugadzirisa mafaira

 # mcedit / etc / network / inopindirana

uye wedzera izvi:

auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp

Rongedza iyo faira:

 # mcedit / etc / hostname

uye wedzera izvi:
Host-zita

 # mcedit / etc / mauto

uye wedzera izvi:
127.0.0.1 yemunharaundahost Host-Zita

Nhanho 10
Gadzira iyo mtab uye fstab faira.

# grep -v rootfs / proc / mounts> / etc / mtab # grep / etc / mtab -e "/"> / etc / fstab

 / dev / sda1 kutsiva neUUID = uuid saizvozvo: UUID = 476efe22-73ec-4276-915d-c4gga65f668b / ext3 kukanganisa = remount-ro 0 0

Nhanho # 11
Isa iyo graphical nharaunda -Sarudzo kana iwe usingade kuisa graphical nharaunda.

 # apt-tora kuisa xserver-xorg-vhidhiyo-yese xorg xserver-xorg

Nhanho 12
Isa iyo grub, kana isu tisina chero grub yakaiswa mubhuot chikamu tinogona kuzviita nenzira inotevera:

Mukana wekushaya chero GNU / Linux system yatove yakaiswa, isu tichaenderera seinotevera:
Isu takasiya keji:

# kubuda # sudo grub-gadza --root-dhairekitori / / mnt / dev / sda

Isu tinodzokera kune keji:

# chroot / mnt # kugadzirisa-grub

- Kana uine grub faira ratove kuiswa, isu tinongogadzirisa iyo faira
Isu takasiya keji:

# kubuda # kugadzirisa-grub

Nhanho 13

Isu tinoisa yedu yakasarudzika desktop nharaunda pamwe neyedu musangano maneja atinoda. Mune yangu kesi, ini ndakaisa iyo desktop desktop e17 (kuvhenekerwa) pamwe neiyo spacefm faira yekutsvagurudza uye nekudaro ndakagadzira yangu yega LiveCD kugadzira makopi ekuchengetedza, uyezve ini ndaisanganisira iyo debootstrap chirongwa chekumisikidza yangu nyowani yekushandisa masisitimu zvakananga kubva kuzvitoro zvisina unoda kushandisa mamwe LiveCDs kana zvinyorwa zvemhando yekuisa.

 # apt-tora kuisa e17 e17-dhata gparted mtools testdisk chengetedza-bvisa chikamu gzip zip unzip tar pkill xterm

Iwe unogona kusarudza nharaunda yedesktop yezvaunoda, pamwe neiyo seti yezvishandiso zvekushandisa.

Mutungamiri wechikamu.

- Mune ino kesi ini handidi maneja wechikamu anondibvunza zita rekushandisa nephasiwedi sezvo chinangwa chayo chiri chekutanga chikamu, nekuti izvi tinogadzira faira faira mu / etc / startX

# bata /etc/init.d/startX # chmod + x /etc/init.d/startX

Kopa zvinotevera mufaira iri

#! / bin / sh. / lib / lsb / init-works PATH = / sbin: / bin: / usr / sbin: / usr / bin kesi $ 1 pakutanga) echo "Kutanga graphical system" echo "Unogona kutarisa iyo LOG mu / var / log / boot_x. danda "X: 0 1 >> / var / log / boot_x.log 2 >> / var / log / boot_x.log & DISPLAY =: 0 su mudzi -c kujekesa_start 1> / dev / null 2> / dev / null & ;; mira) echo "Kumisa zvese X maitiro" pkill X ;; *) echo "Isisiriyo sarudzo"; esac kubuda 0

Kuudza iyo system kuti itange iyi faira nesystem isu tinoita zvinotevera kubva kunyaradzo.

 # kugadzirisa-rc.d startX inokanganisa 99

Uku kudzivirira kusashandisa chero maneja wewindo senge lxdm, gdm pakati pevamwe.

Isu tinotangazve iyo PC nekuisa nyowani.

Sezvo ini ndanga ndaratidza kuisa spacefm yeizvi ini ndinotora kodhi yekodhi kubva papeji ino.

http://spacefm.sourceforge.net/ (el fichero .tar.gz o .tar.xz) al disco de la maquina.

Ini ndinoisa zvinoenderana neiyi software:

# apt-tora kuisa autotools-dev bash desktop-faira-zvishandiso kuvaka-kwakakosha libc6 libcairo2 libglib2.0-0 libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libpango1.0-0 libx11-6 yakagovaniswa-mime-info intltool pkg- gadzira libgtk2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev fakeroot libudev0 libudev-dev

Isu hatina kukwana takataura faira

 tar -xf /path/file/spacefm.tar.xz cd / path / file / spacefm ./configure # make -s # make install # update-mime-database / usr / local / share / mime> / dev / null # gadziridza-desktop-dhatabhesi -q # gtk-gadziriso-icon-cache -q -t -f / usr / yemuno / share / icons / hicolor # gtk-kugadzirisa-icon-cache -q -t -f / usr / yemuno share / icons / Faenza

Nezvo, kana pakanga pasina dambudziko isu tichava ne spacefm yakaiswa.

Nhanho 14

Gadza remastersys.

Remastersys vanogona kuiwana pane yavo yepamutemo webhusaiti http://remastersys.sourceforge.net/, asi ini ndinokurudzira iwe shandisa iyo yaunowana zvakanamatira kuchengetedza kuenderana, sezvo isingaise kana kusunungura chero chishandiso panguva yeiyo LiveCD yekugadzira maitiro, pamwe nekusiya mamwe magwaro ekuisa iyo LiveCD pane usb memory.

Dhawunirodha remastersys uye gadza.

 # dpkg -i /path/a/remastersys.deb

Nhanho 15

Kugadzirwa kweLiveCD nema remastersys.

Remastersys ine 2 LiveCD modhi yekugadzira, imwe ichichengetedza kumisikidzwa kwevashandisi vese uye imwe ichibvisa zvese kumisikidza uye kunyoreswa kwemumwe mushandisi, zvinova izvo zvatajaira kuona mune echinyakare Ubuntu LiveCDs.

Kugadzira LiveCD kuchengetedza yako marongero.

 # remastersys backup

- Kugadzira LiveCD isina vashandisi kana masisitimu (Yakakurudzirwa).

# remastersys dist cdfs # remastersys dist iso tsika.iso

Nhanho 16

Kuiswa kwechero Debian LiveCD kana zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nema remastersys.
Kutanga tarisa kuti chikamu chako chinoratidzirwa sechikepe ne gparted kana kupatsanurwa seinotevera:

# yakakamurwa / dev / sdb seta 1 bhuti pa - Kuti iite iyo # yakaparadzaniswa / dev / sdb seta 1 bhuti kubva - Kuimisa

- Isu tinoisa iyo iso pane cd dvd, kana kana iwe uchida pane usb chishandiso nenzira inotevera (Zvese izvi semidzi):

mkdir -p / mnt / cdrom mkdir -p / mnt / usb mount -o loop / path / file.iso / mnt / cdrom mount / dev / sdbx / mnt / usb cp -r / mnt / cdrom / * / mnt / usb cp -r / mnt / cdrom / isoGNU / Linux / * / mnt / usb mv /mnt/usb/isoGNU/Linux.cfg /mnt/usb/sysGNU/Linux.cfg umount / mnt / usb umount / mnt / cdrom

# CHENYENZO tarisa kukamurwa kweshare yako yeUSB kana chikamu chawakasimudza chiri / dev / sdb1 chikamu chebhutsu chinofanirwa kuiswa mu / dev / sdb

# kati / usr / lib / sysGNU/Linux/mbr.bin> / dev / sdb # sysGNU / Linux - kuisa / dev / sdb1

Nhanho # 16.1.

Kutanga tinotanga kubva kuLiveCD kana usb kana tiinayo mundangariro.

Kana zvidimbu zvinodikanwa senge chinja (swap nzvimbo) zvisina kugadzirwa, pamwe nechikamu chinopfuura 1 GB kana kupfuura zvichienderana nesaizi yeiyo livecd.

Nhanho # 16.2.

Kwidza chikamu chakagadzirwa mu / mnt

# fsck -a / dev / sdax # gomo / dev / sdax / mnt

16.3 nhanho.

Kopa mafaera ese mukati me / rofs dhairekitori ku / mnt

 # cp -r / rofs / * / mnt

Ongorora: izvi zvese semidzi mushandisi.

Nhanho # 16.4.

Isa grub

 # grub-gadza --root-dhairekitori / / mnt / dev / sda

Nhanho # 16.5.

Gadzirira iyo sisitimu kubhowa grub nemazvo.

mount -t proc none / mnt / proc mount -o bind / dev / mnt / dev chroot / mnt update-grub

Nhanho # 16.6.

Pasina kusiya chroot cage isu tinogadzirira akakosha mafaera / etc / fstab uye / etc / mtab

grep -v rootfs / proc / mounts> / etc / mtab grep / etc / mtab -e "/"> / etc / fstab

useradd -m -c "Administrative Mushandisi" -G adm, admin, sudo, dialout, cdrom, plugdev, lpadmin, sambashare -d / imba / mushandisi -s / bin / bash mushandisi

CONCLUSIONS

Nezve izvi, zvakapamhama asi zvakapusa gwara zvapera, izvo iwe zvaunogona kuisa mukuita kana iwe uchida uye ugovane yako wega livecd neshamwari dzako, hunhu hwese livecd / dvd hunogara pazita remushandisi chairo, kumisikidzwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva iyo inoponesa hard disk space.

Sezvo iwe waona zvisina kukosha kushandisa unetbootin kushandura LiveCD kuita live usb, kana iwe ukashandisa spacefm iwe unenge uine zvese zvaunoda maererano ne graphic application, kungave kushandura mavhidhiyo, odhiyo mafaira pakati pevamwe, iwe unongoda chete chirongwa icho chinoita izvi kubva ku raira mutsara uye gadzira kana kurodha pasi plugin kuti uite aya mabasa.