Ini ndichangobva kugadzira chinyorwa pa forum nezvemufananidzo uyu wandinokuratidza
Nezve software yemahara uye software yekudyira, ari pachokwadi. Asi chiratidzo chake cheakavhurika sosi chinoratidzika kwandiri (mumaonero angu) kuwedzeredza. Kutanga ini ndiri kuenda kunonyora zviyero izvo rezinesi rinofanirwa kuve nazvo kutorwa senge yakavhurwa sosi:
1) Iyo haifanire kudzora kuti chero munhu anogona kutengesa kana kupa software, kana kuda kuunganidzwa kwemitero kuitira kuitengesa.
2) Chirongwa ichi chinofanirwa kusanganisira iyo kodhi yekodhi uye ichibvumidza kugoverwa kwayo mune zvese sosi uye kodhi yakanyorwa (mune yekupedzisira kesi, panofanirwa kuve nenzira yekuwana kodhi uye kwete zvinopfuura mutengo unonzwisisika wekubereka).
3) Iwe unofanirwa kubvumidza kugadziridzwa uye mabasa ekuzvitora uye zvakare bvumidza aya kuti agovaniswe pasi pemitemo imwechete yelayisensi yekutanga.
4) Inofanira kubvumira ZVINONYANYA kugoverwa kwesoftware yakagadzirwa nekodhi yakachinjwa. Unogona kudzora kugovera kwakadaro CHETE kana iyo rezinesi ichibvumidza kugoverwa kwezvimedu nekodhi nechinangwa chekugadzirisa chirongwa panguva yekubatanidza. Zvinogona kuda kuti software yakatorwa iine rimwe zita kana vhezheni pane yepakutanga.
5) Haufanire kusarura chero munhu kana boka revanhu.
6) Haufanire kurambidza chero munhu kushandisa software mune imwe nzvimbo yebasa.
7) Kodzero mune rezinesi software dzinofanirwa kunyorera kune chero munhu anozvipa kwauri pasina chikonzero chekuwedzera marezinesi.
8) Rezinesi harifanire kunge rakanangana nechigadzirwa.
9) Iyo rezinesi haifanire kudzora chero imwe software iyo inogoverwa pamwechete neiri rezinesi software.
10) Rezinesi rinofanirwa kunge risingaenderane nehunyanzvi.
Mhedziso:
1) Kurambidzwa kwekushambadzira kushandiswa kweakavhurika sosi ndeye Mhedziso bhora, nekuda kwechiyero 1.
2) Idem yekushaikwa kwevimbiso yekushandurwa kwekodhi, nekuda kwechirevo 3
3) Ditto ye "chete dzimwe nguva" pakugovana software yekutanga, nekuda kwezvinotarisirwa 1, 2, 5, 6 na7.
4) Nezve kushomeka kwevimbiso yekugovana zvigadziriso, ndopaya rezinesi haisi kopyleft, kwete nekuti yakavhurwa sosi.
5) Kupfuura kuenzanisa pakati pemahara uye yakavhurika sosi software, ndizvo fananidzo pakati peGPL uye chero imwe isiri-kopyleft rezinesi.
Rangarira vaverengi mushe: Musiyano uripo pakati pemahara software uye yakavhurwa sosi ndeye maonero. Chekutanga chinosvika zvese kubva pakuona kwe libertad, imwe inotarisana nayo kubva pakuona technical-maitiro.
Uye sezvo isu tiri, ndiri kuenda kuisa imwe chinyorwa pano asi nezve rezinesi. Isu tatoona izvo zvinodiwa izvo yakavhurwa sosi rezinesi inofanirwa kuve nayo. Izvo zvinopera pasina kutaura kuti yemahara software rezinesi inoda izvo zadzisai rusununguko rune. Kazhinji remahara software rezinesi zvakare rakavhurwa sosi uye zvinopesana. Uye zvakafanana mukutendeuka, kana isiri yemahara, haisi yakavhurwa sosi uye zvinopesana. Pane kunze kumutongo uye ndeinotevera:
1) Iyo 4-chirevo BSD (inozivikanwawo seyepakutanga BSD). Haisi yakavhurwa sosi kubva kune chimwe chezvikamu zvacho set kushambadzira kwesangano rakanyora kodhi (kutyora chirevo che8, kuwedzera kuenderana kweGPL). Chikamu chechipiri ne2 BSDs ndeye mahara uye yakavhurwa sosi, uye ese ari maviri anowirirana neGPL.
2) La CECILL (CEA CNRS INRIA Mahara Logiciel) Iyo yemahara uye inoitirwa kuve GPLv2 inoenderana asi zvichibva pamutemo wechiFrench.
3) Rezinesi re cryptix (inoshandiswa mu cryptix projekiti, inozivikanwa nekuwedzera kwayo kweJava cryptography). Ndiyo 2-chidimbu BSD, asi yakanangana nechigadzirwa.
4) Ita izvo fuck iwe yaunoda kuPublic License (Iyo rezinesi reiyo ita zvaunoda nekodhi yangu. Iyo haidi tsananguro zhinji) Chikonzero nei vasina kuisa kuti yakavhurika, imo nekuti sekutaura kwaMartin Michlmayr (uyo akaongorora chete ndima yerezinesi) muEurope hamuna Public Domain. Nenzira, uyo akaigadzira aive Sam Hocevar, mutungamiri wechirongwa cheDebian pakati pa2007-08.
5) Rezinesi Netscape. Rezinesi remahara risingabhadharwe iro FSF rinokukurudzira kuti usashandise HAPANA, ne KUSARURWA inopenya kune vashandisi. Ndiwo musiyano mukuru pakati peiyo rezinesi uye rezinesi reMozilla (rinova rakavhurika sosi uye yemahara).
6) Rezinesi OpenSSL. Izvi zvinosanganisira a kushambadza chikamu, kunyanya nekuti yakavakirwa pane iyo Apache rezinesi vhezheni 1.0 (haina kuvhurwa) uye kwete 2.0 (yakavhurika).
7) Rezinesi XFree86. Zvakafanana nechikamu chechina BSD.
8) Iyo Kudzokorora Ruzhinji Rezinesi. Kusiyana neiya atove akanyorwa, irisosi yakavhurwa sosi asi kwete yemahara. Zvakafanana neGPL izvo anosungirwa kushambadzira chero shanduko inoitwa nekambani, kunyange uyu achizviita muchivande.
Ikozvino, kune zvakare mimwe mibvunzo nezve yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi marezinesi, sekuenderana kwayo neGPL, kana iri copyleft kana kwete, kana kana ichibvumidzwa neDebian general mirayiridzo. Mahara uye akavhurika masosi marezinesi asingapindirane neGPL iEclipse, Mozilla (shanduro pamberi pa2.0), Apache (zvakafanana neMozilla), IBM, LaTeX, PHP uye Zuva pakati pevamwe. Mahara uye akavhurika sosi marezinesi asiri copyleft ndeaya BSD, MIT, Python, PHP uye Apache uye Artistic pakati pevamwe. Uye pamitsetse yakajairika yeDebian, vanoramba iyo yeGNU Yemahara Gwaro Rezinesi kana gwaro racho richisanganisira zvikamu zvisingawanzo.
Tinogona zvakare kutaura nezve zvimwe zvinorambidzwa zvinotenderwa mukati memahara software, senge yakasimba sei iyo copyleft inofanira kuva. La LGPL (weak copyleft) yaiitirwa kuti ma module ari chikamu che GPL (yakasimba kopyleft) chirongwa, chaizoshandiswawo mune zvisiri-GPL zvirongwa (LibreOffice ine rezinesi ne LGPL).
Chimwe chinorambidzwa ndeche iyo patent kutsiva, ndiko kuti, kodzero dzako semushandisi wechimwe chirongwa chinopera kana iwe ukaenda kudare uchipesana nekambani iyo yakagadzira iyo software yenyaya yepatent. Fungidzira iyo Yemahara uye Yakavhurika Sosi rezinesi iyi chiyero inosanganisira, mukuwedzera kuMozilla neApache marezinesi.
Iko zvakare kune nyaya yemalayisensi ayo anotarisa Hardware kurambidzwa (senge iyo zviitisation). Shanduro 3.0 yeGPL yakasikwa chaizvo kurwisa tivoisation, nekuti TiVo inoshandisa mahara software yemashini yayo, inogovera kodhi iri pasi peGPLv2, asi haitenderi kodhi yakashandurwa kuitiswa, pasina mvumo kuburikidza nesiginicha yedhijitari yekambani (chimwe chinhu chakafanana zvinoitika neBike Yakachengeteka). Linus iri handibvumirane neshanduro 3, kutanga nekuti anofunga kuti rezinesi re software harifanirwe kuwedzerwa kune Hardware uye chechipiri nekuti iye pachake anotarisa masiginecha edhijitari sechishandiso chekuchengetedza chinobatsira.
Uye ndaneta nekunyora. Ndinovimba chinyorwa ichi chinobatsira nano kune yako Linux YeDummies mharidzo. Kune inotevera ini ndinoita imwe yekuti ungashambadzira sei mahara software.
Zvinobatsira zvinongedzo:
Tsanangudzo ye Open Source: http://opensource.org/osd
Nei OSI isingagamuchire iyo Ita izvo fuck iwe yaunoda kuPublic License: http://opensource.org/minutes20090304
RMS inotora rezinesi reNetscape: http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/netscape-npl.es.html
Ko iyo girafu yakabva kupi? Iko kushamisira kukuru kwechokwadi kuita izwi rekuti "Mahara Software" mukomana akanaka mumuvhi. Iyo GPL i "Open Source" rezinesi, saka fananidzo yakadaro inonakidza haina musoro.
"GPL i" Open Source "rezinesi, kuitira kuti fananidzo inonakidza irege kuita mushe."
Aha ... tarisa iwe ...
GPL ndiyo FSF rezinesi reMAHARA SOFTWARE.
Yemahara Software inotsvaga kuchengetedza software kuvandudza uye kuita kuti ivhurike uye igovewe sezvo iine zvemagariro, huzivi uye kana iwe uchida utopian chinhu.
OSS rairo yekugadzira software pachena, izvo chete, izvo zvakazvarwa mukupindura "kurambidzwa" kweGPL.
Tarisa kuRevolution OS uye rega kutaura kune yekare fart, mambure azere neruzivo rwakanaka.
http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical
Marezinesi anotenderwa neOpen Source Initiative, nekuti anosangana nezvinodiwa zvataurwa. Pakati pavo, iyo GPL 2 uye 3. Ergo, iyo GNU GPL IS zvakare Open Open rezinesi
Sekutaura kwa @diazepan, iyo GPL rezinesi iri chikamu chemhuri ye "Open Source". Naizvozvo iro girafu rinorara kana richiti kushandiswa kwekutengeserana kwakarambidzwa, nekuti marezinesi emahara software anowira mukati meOSI, vanosangana nezvinodiwa. Uye zvakare mifananidzo dzinoyambuka sezvavanoda, pasina nzira, vachiwedzera magwaro asina kunaka akadai sekuti "hazvina kuvimbiswa", "chete dzimwe nguva" uye "zvishoma". Hupenzi nechinangwa chakajeka: Kusiya izwi rekuti "Vhura Sosi" pakati nepakati pasoftware neyemakambani (chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka zvachose).
Unogona kutaura nezve yakavhurwa sosi kana yemahara software, asi haugone kupatsanura marezinesi mumabhasikiti maviri (imwe yeiyo FSF uye imwe yeOSI) nekuti kune mamwe anowira mune ese ari maviri.
Ndima yekupedzisira iri kutsausa. Kujekesa, izwi rekuti "vamwe" rinofanira kushandurwa kuti "vangangoita vese". Iyo FSF inonyora nhamba yakakura yemalayisensi semahara software asi inongokurudzira mashoma (ndosaka ndichiisa "mamwe" mukati ndisingazvizive). Kune mamwe marezinesi ayo OSI anotambira uye FSF inoramba (seNASA Vhura Chibvumirano Chibvumirano) asi idzi kashoma kesi.
Chinyorwa chakanaka. Izvo zvinogara zvakakodzera kujekesa mhando idzi dzezvinhu kuitira kuti nyonganiso iderere, kunyanya pakati pevashandisi vatsva. Uye hongu, Open Source software ndeye mahara, ingori mashoma mashoma misiyano kubva pane izvo zvinogamuchirwa neFSF.
Izvo zvakanaka kuti iwe ujekese, ndinovimba kuti chinyorwa chako chinopera neakawanda ehurukuro dzisina musoro idzo dzakaitwa mumaforamu mazhinji nemablog. Kwaziso uye yakanaka posvo.
«Mhedziso:
1) Kurambidzwa kwekushandisa kwekushambadzira kweyakavhurika sosi ndeyechokwadi, nekuda kwechikonzero 1. »
Hahaha, ko turnip !!! xD
Izvo zvinenge zvave _Your_ mhedziso usati wakuzivisa nemazvo 😀
Iyo F / LOSS haina kumbobvira yarambidza kuti inogona kutengeswa, kutaura zvazviri * inokurudzira * kuti ive inobatsira pamusoro pezvikamu zvemarezinesi akanangana.
Ahhhh -sigh-…. : facepalm:
Uri kundipa chikonzero. Ini ndakati kurambidzwa kwekushandisa kwekutengesa kune bummer. Kana iwe hauzive kuti chii bhora?
chii chinonzi bhora?
Bolazo: Goof kure, zvisina maturo. (Rwizi Plate term)
Bhora = Nhema
Bolazo = Nhema huru kwazvo.
🙂
Handizive kana ichishandiswa kune dzimwe nyika, asi kuSpain inonzwisiswa. 🙂
Zvakanaka asi kuve wakanyanya kuvhiringidzika, muArgentina zvakapusa zvisina maturo uye muSpain zvinoreva nhema? pamagumo ndedzipi tsanangudzo mbiri idzi?
Ivo vaviri vakafongora.
Zvinotaridza kwandiri kuti iwe unofanirwa kuisa zvipikisheni zvepasirese, nekuti, zvirinani munyika yangu, hatizive chirevo bolazo, yeuka kuti iyi blog inoverengwa zvakanyanya muLatin America nekupfuura.
Mhosva yangu. Aya ndiwo maratidziro atinoita isu maUruguay / maArgentina.
Tiri kuenda kuenderera nekusiyanisa iyo Open Source / Yemahara Software nharaunda? Ombe, kwete! Parizvino vhezheni yesoftware yemahara yakasununguka pane iyo yemahara ichabuda. Ipapo vakasununguka vachave vakaipa uye "vakasununguka vakasununguka" vanozove vakanaka. Isu takafanana mumhando dzemimhanzi here? Ko kana Nhema Simbi, Metalcore, Popcore ... tarisa, macompad, METAL uye nguva. Dai ndaizotorwa nezvose zvavanotaura nezvemahara software, kwete mahara uye nedzidziso dzese idzodzo, zvirinani kuti ndigare munyika musina chero chinhu chemagetsi chinotenderedza kuti ndigare ndakasununguka.
Hahaha, shasha !! xD
Kuombera maoko, nyaya yemalayisensi inogona kuvhiringidza uye zvinogara zvakanaka kujekesa hukama pakati peOpen source vs Soft Libre, iyo sezvaunotaura iri "ideological" kana "filosofi". Iyo poindi isinganzwisisike kwandiri ndeyeye-4 -chikamu BSD nekuti ini handina kunzwisisa point 8 yeOSD "Rezinesi harifanire kunge rakanangana nechigadzirwa." Izvi zvinorevei? Uye chii chine chekuita ne: "chimwe chezvikamu zvacho chinosimbisa kushambadzira kwesangano rakanyora kodhi" yeBSD? Ita kuti pfungwa yacho ijeke kwandiri. Zvido.
Criterion 8 inoti kodzero dzesoftware yakapihwa marezenisi haifanire kuvimba nenyaya yekuti chirongwa ichi chikamu cheimwe software. Kushambadzira iyo chaiyo software kana iyo kambani inoita kuti ityore izvo zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso muchikamu chechina BSD, chikamu chechitatu chinoti:
3. Zvese zvekushambadzira zvinotaura maficha kana kushandiswa kwesoftware iyi inofanirwa kuratidza kubvuma kunotevera: Ichi chigadzirwa chinosanganisira software yakagadzirwa neYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley nevanopa.
Saka zvingaite se "ne" yemarezinesi ekugadzira zvisikwa?
Kutenda nekujekeswa, inyaya yakakosha, tinogara tichitarisa nekutsvinya kune avo vasinga vere Windows EULA, tinofanirwa kutanga kumba 🙂
Zvinoshamisa sei, panguva ino ndinozvinzwisisa sekuti hazvigone kuti "module iyi yakasununguka chero bedzi ichishandiswa pamwe uye iri chikamu chese software iyi."
Pane here chikamu panotsanangurwa chirevo chega chega uye zvirevo zvacho zvasimbiswa?
Sezvandataura mu foramu, zvinondipa ini kunzwa kuti girafu iri rakachinjika 😀
Pane chero munhu anoziva nei rezinesi reCDDL risingapindirane neGPL, asi inozivikanwa se rezinesi remahara neFSF
CDDL yakavakirwa pane rezinesi reMozilla 1.1. Iyo vhezheni haisi GPL inoenderana. Mune ino link pane tsananguro yekusaenderana pakati peMPL 1.1 neGPL 3
http://www.tomhull.com/ocston/docs/mozgpl.html
Kana iyo FSF ichifunga kuti rezinesi rakaneta kopyleft, inoonekwa isingaenderane neGPL.
Kwete hazvo. Iyo 2- uye 3 -chikamu BSD inoenderana neGPL, uye haisi copyleft.
Ne `` copyleft '' isina kusimba ndinoreva kuti haina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, uye inoisa zvimisikidzo zvinopesana nemweya weGPL kana kuti inopesana nezvikamu zvayo nekushayisa simba koponi ye software inosanganisira zvese izvi.
yakanakisa chinyorwa, aiziva iyo marezinesi aya ... .. asi kwete zvakanyanya saka xD ndinokutendai zvikuru!
Che, asi iyo GPL inodzivirira kushandisa kodhi yacho kune chero chinangwa kana chinangwa. Chaizvoizvo, iyo inokutadzisa iwe kubva kugadzira proprietary software nayo.
Saka tinoramba tichiwedzera zvikanganiso pachati.
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PS: zvakanaka ipapo, tichizivisa mazwi isu atinoshandisa kubva kuRwizi Plate. Isu tatoita kuti "iwe uri groso, ziva iyo" inozivikanwa ... handei kune zvimwe 😛
Zvinotaridza kwandiri kuti izvi zvinoreva kushandisa iyo Software (nevashandisi) chero chinangwa, kwete iyo Code (nevagadziri) kune chero chinangwa. Kunze kwezvo, "rusununguko" runopedza dzimwe dzese rusununguko runenge rusina musoro.
Iyo WTF PL inoshandura se "Ruzhinji Rezinesi Ita zvaunoimba mabhora." 🙂
Nhasi ndichapa hurukuro uye chifananidzo chako chinoita kunge chakamiririra, ndichitora chirevo "chifananidzo chinotaura zvakawanda kupfuura mazwi chiuru", zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti chicha shandiswa pakudzidzisa, nevadzidzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yePanama, mukati mehurongwa yemahara software yakanaka, ndichaisa zvakare chinongedzo kumablog ako kuti ndivakurudzire kushanyira blog yako, uye kuwedzera vateveri vanofarira kushandiswa kwepachena software, ndinodzokorora kwaziso dzangu nekutenda,
Kutendeseka,
Muzvinafundo Angel Samaniego Pineda