Yakazara uye yakazara gwara (ine mienzaniso) kune DD

Ini ndinokusiyira ingori yakanaka chinyorwa icho icho Ndazviwana ini kufambisa iyo webhu, inotiratidza nemimwe mienzaniso uye zvakadzama kuti chii uye chii chingaitwe nemurairo DD.

Ini ndinokusiira iyo izere dudziro yeiyo chinyorwa:

1. Nei dd?:

Takasarudza dd semukwikwidzi wekutanga munhevedzano yedu nekuti chishandiso chinobatsira chine sarudzo dzakawanda, sezvauchazoona. Izvi zvinoita zvinoita kuti ive imwe yeSwiss Army mapanga enyika yeLinux. Hongu, izwi iri (Swiss Army banga) rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura zvarinofanirwa nevanyori vezvinyorwa zveLinux, saka hatina kukwanisa kupfuudza mukana wekuishandisa isu pachedu.

2. General use:

Tisati tatanga taida kukupa zano rekuti rinoshandiswa sei dd. Chekutanga pane zvese, zita rinobva kune duplicator dhata, asi zvinosetsa zvinonzi zvakare zvinoreva diski muparadzi kana data data muparadzi nekuti chishandiso chine simba kwazvo. Saka isu tinokurudzira kuwedzerwa kutarisirwa kana uchishandisa dd nekuti chinguva chekuregeredza chinogona kukudyira iwe data rakakosha. Iyo yakajairika syntax yemirairo dd es:

# dd = = $ yekuisa_data ye = $ kuburitsa_data [sarudzo]

input_data y kubuda_data anogona here kuva madiski, zvikamu, mafaera, zvishandiso? kunyanya zvese zvaunogona kunyorera kana kuverenga kubva. Sezvauchaona, unogona kushandisa dd mune network netiweki kutumira data hova pamusoro peLAN yako, semuenzaniso. Iwe unogona kungove nechikamu chekupinza cheyako dd rairo, kana chete iro rekubuda rairo, uye iwe unogona kana kubvisa zvese zviri zviviri mune dzimwe nguva. Zvese izvi zvichagadziriswa mune inotevera runyorwa.

3. Mienzaniso:

dd kana = / dev / urandom ye = / dev / sda bs = 4k - »Zadza dhisiki neakasarudzika data

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sdb bs = 4096 - » Dhisiki-ku-disk mirroring

dd = = dev / zero ye = / dev / sda bs = 4k - » Chenesa hard drive (zvingangoda kudzokororwa)

dd kana = yekuisa faira ye = / dev / st0 bs = 32k conv = sync - » Kopa kubva pafaira kuenda kune tepi chishandiso

dd kana = / dev / st0 ye = chipfeko bs = 32k conv = sync - » Iyo yekutanga, yakadzoreredzwa

dd kana = / dev / sda | hexdump -C | grep [^ 00] - » Tarisa uone kana diski yakanyatso zerowa

dd kana = / dev / urandom ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / hombe file bs = 4096 - » Gadzira chikamu (Chenjera masystems!)

dd kana = / dev / urandom ye = myfile bs = 6703104 kuverenga = 1 - » Encode faira (pamwe usati wabvisa)

dd kana = / dev / sda3 ye = / dev / sdb3 bs = 4096 conv = notrunc, noerror - » Kopa chikamu kune chimwe chikamu

dd kana = / proc / mafaira masisitimu | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Wona iripo mafaira masisitimu

dd kana = / proc / zvikamu | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Wona zviripo zvikamu mu kb

dd kana = / dev / sdb2 ibs = 4096 | gzip> chikamu.image.gz conv = noerror - » Gadzira gzip mufananidzo wechipiri chikamu chechipiri disk

dd bs = 10240 cbs = 80 conv = ascii, unblock if = / dev / st0 ye = ascii.out - » Kopa zvirimo mutepi kuenda kune faira, uchishandura kubva EBCDIC kuenda kuASCII

dd kana = / dev / st0 ibs = 1024 obs = 2048 ye = / dev / st1 - » Kuteedzera 1KB Bvisa Chishandiso kune 2KB Block Chishandiso

dd kana = / dev / zero ye = / dev / null bs = 100M kuverenga = 100
100 + 0 zvinyorwa mu
100 + 0 zvinyorwa kunze
10485760000 bytes (10GB) dzakateedzerwa,

5.62955 s, 1.9 GB / s

Kopa 10 GB yemazero kubhinha rekudzokorora.

dd kana = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sda bs = 512 kuverenga = 2
fdisk -s / dev / sda
dd kana = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sda tsvaga = (nhamba_ya_sectors - 20) bs = 1k

Bvisa GPT kubva ku disk. Sei GPT inonyora iyo data kusvika pakutanga
Uye pakupera kwediski, mushure mekudzima kubva pakutanga, isu tinofanirwa kuwana huwandu hwezvikamu (wechipiri kuraira), tobva tadzima zvikamu makumi maviri zvekupedzisira.

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / bootimage.img ye = / dev / sdc - » Gadzira bootable UDB disk (inoratidzwa pano se / dev / sdc)

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / null bs = 1m - » Nzira yakanaka yekuwana yakaipa mabhuroko. Backup uye system inoenderana

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / fd0 bs = 512 kuverenga = 1 - » Kopa iyo MBR kune floppy disk

dd kana = / dev / sda1 ye = / dev / sdb1 bs = 4096 - » Dhisiki-ku-disk mirroring

dd kana = / dev / sr0 ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / mycdimage.iso \ bs = 2048 conv = nosync - » Gadzira mufananidzo weCD

mount -o loop /home/$user/mycdimage.iso / mnt / cdimages / - » Kwidza mufananidzo unotaurwa munharaunda

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sdb bs = 64k conv = kubvumirana - » Inobatsira kana uchitsiva disc neimwe yehukuru hwakaenzana.

dd kana = / dev / sda2 ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / hddimage1.img bs = 1M kuverenga = 4430
dd kana = / dev / sda2 ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / hddimage2.img bs = 1M kuverenga = 8860
[...]

Gadzira maDVD mifananidzo yekuparadzanisa (inobatsira kugadzira macomputer)

dd kana = / $ nzvimbo / hddimage1.img ye = / dev / sda2 bs = 1M
dd kana = / $ nzvimbo / hddimage2.img ye = / dev / sda2 tsvaga = 4430 bs = 1M
dd kana = / $ nzvimbo / hddimage3.img ye = / dev / sda2 tsvaga = 8860 bs = 1M
[nezvimwe…]

Dzosa kubva kumberi backup

dd kana = / dev / zero kuverenga = 1 bs = 1024 tsvaga = 1 ye = / dev / sda6 - » Paradza superblock

dd kana = / dev / zero kuverenga = 1 bs = 4096 tsvaga = 0 ye = / dev / sda5 - » Imwe nzira yekuparadza iyo superblock

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / fungidziro.doc | clamscan - » Inotarisa iyo faira kune mavhairasi (inoda ClamAV)

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / binary faira | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Wona zvirimo mune yefaera faira (inoda hexdump)

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / bigfile ye = / dev / null
dd kana = / dev / zero ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / bigfile bs = 1024 kuverenga = 1000000

Benchmark iyo hard drive's kuverenga / kunyora kumhanya

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sda - » Ipa hupenyu hutsva kumatatya akare akaoma asina kunge amboshandiswa kwechinguva (madhiraivha anofanira kunge "asina kudzikiswa")

dd kana = / dev / mem | tambo | grep 'tambo_to_search' - » Wongorora zvirimo mundangariro (munhu anoverengwa, ndiko kuti)

dd kana = / dev / fd0 ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / floppy.image bs = 2x80x18b conv = notrunc - » Kopa floppy disk

dd kana = / proc / kcore | hexdump -C | zvishoma - »Inoratidza virtual memory

dd kana = / proc / mafaira masisitimu | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Wona iripo mafaira masisitimu

dd kana = / proc / kallsyms | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Ratidza ma module akatakurwa

dd kana = / proc / kukanganisa | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Inoratidza tafura yekukanganisa

dd kana = / proc / uptime | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Inoratidza nguva yekukwira mumasekondi

dd kana = / proc / zvikamu | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Wona zviripo zvikamu mu kb

dd kana = / proc / meminfo | hexdump -C | zvishoma - » Inoratidza mamiriro ekurangarira

dd kana = / dev / urandom ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / myrandom bs = 100 kuverenga = 1 - » Gadzira 1kb faira reasingaite gibberish

dd kana = / dev / mem ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / mem.bin bs = 1024 - » Inogadzira mufananidzo wezvino mamiriro ehurongwa ndangariro

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / myfile - » Dhinda iyo faira ku stdout

dd kana = / dev / sda2 bs = 16065 | hexdump -C | grep 'zvinyorwa_to_search' - » Tsvaga tambo muchikamu chose; kunyangwe kana yakachengetedzwa, unogona kubhodhi liveCD

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / faira.bin skip = 64k bs = 1 ye = / imba / $ mushandisi / convfile.bin - Kopa faira.bin ku convfile.bin kusvetuka yekutanga 64 kb

dd kana = / imba / $ mushandisi / bootimage.img ye = / dev / sdc - » Gadzira bootable UDB disk (inoratidzwa pano se / dev / sdc)

dd kana = / dev / mem bs = 1k skip = 768 kuverenga = 256 2> / dev / null | tambo -n 8 - » Verenga iyo BIOS.

dd bs = 1k kana = imagefile.nrg ye = imagefile.iso skip = 300k - » Inoshandura iyo Nero mufananidzo kune yakajairwa ISO mufananidzo.
Izvi zvinogoneka nekuti mutsauko chete pakati pezviviri i300 kB yemusoro iyo Nero inowedzera kune yakajairwa ISO mufananidzo.

echo -n "hello nyika yakatwasuka" | dd cbs = 1 conv = unblock 2> / dev / null - » Edza, zvakachengeteka. 🙂

dd kana = / dev / sda1 | gzip -c | kupatsanurwa -b 2000m - \ /mnt/hdc1/backup.img.gz - » Gadzira iyo gzip mufananidzo weiyo partition uchishandisa split

kati /mnt/hdc1/backup.img.gz.* | gzip -dc | dd ye = / dev / sda1 - » Dzosera backup yapfuura

dd kana = / dev / zero ye = myimage bs = 1024 kuverenga = 10240 - » Gadzira isina dhisiki mufananidzo

dd ibs = 10 skip = 1 - » Split yekutanga gumi mabheti e stdin

dd bs = 265b conv = noerror kana = / dev / st0 ye = / tmp / bad.tape.image - » Inoita mufananidzo we tepi ine nzvimbo dzakaipa

dd kana = / dev / sda kuverenga = 1 | hexdump -C - » Wona yako MBR

dd kana = / dev / sda | nc -l 10001 nc $ system_to_backup_IP 10001 | dd ye = sysacackupsda.img - » Fast network backup uchishandisa netcat

dd kana = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sdX bs = 1024000 kuverenga = 1 - » Chenesa yekutanga 10MB yechikamu

dd kana = / dev / zero ye = tmpswap bs = 1k
kuverenga = 1000000
chmod 600 tmpswap
kuchidzw
swapon tmpswap

Gadzira yenguva pfupi yekutsinhana nzvimbo

dd kana = / dev / sda ye = / dev / null bs = 1024k kuverenga = 1024
1073741824 bytes (1.1GB) dzakateedzerwa,
24.1684 s, 44.4 MB / s

Inosarudza iyo inoteedzana I / O kumhanya kwediski rako.

dd kana = / dev / zvisina kuverenga kuverenga = 1 2> / dev / null | od -t u1 | \ awk '{dhinda $ 2}' | musoro -1 - » Gadzira yakasarudzika nhamba

dd kana = / dev / mem ye = myRAM bs = 1024 - » Kopa RAM ndangariro kune faira

dd kana = / dev / sda bs = 512 kuverenga = 1 | od -xa - » Wona zvirimo muMBR yako mune hex uye ASCII fomati

dd kana = / yangu / yekare / mbr ye = / dev / sda bs = 446 kuverenga = 1 - » Inodzoreredza iyo MBR isina kushandura iyo partition tafura rekodhi iri pakati pe447 - 511 byte

dd kana = / dev / sda1 | kupatsanuka -b 700m - sda1-mufananidzo - » Gadzira kopi yekuparadzanisa uye chengetedza mifananidzo uko huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu huri 700MB

ls -l | dd conv = ucase - » Inoshandura kuburitsa kwemirairo kune yepamusoro

dzokorora "YANGU YEMAHARA KESI NYAYA" | dd conv = lcase - » Chinja chero chinyorwa kuve chidiki

dd = = / etc / passwd cbs = 132 conv = ebcdic ye = / tmp / passwd.ebcdic - » Inoshandura iyo password password faira kune EBCDIC fomati yakagadziriswa urefu faira

dd kana = zvinyorwa.ascii ye = zvinyorwa.ebcdic conv = ebcdic - » Chinja kubva ASCII kuenda kuEBCDIC

dd kana = myfile ye = myfile conv = ucase - » Chinja iyo faira kuita yepamusoro (yakapusa SED kana tr kutsiva)

4. Mhedziso:

Ichi chinongova chikamu chidiki cheicho dd chingaite uye tinotarisira kuti chinyorwa ichi chakavabirira kuvhara mienzaniso yakanyanya kushandiswa kune akajairika mushandisi Nekudaro, usati waenda kumberi, tinokurudzira kuti iwe uverenge rako rakaomarara dhiraidhi zvinyorwa, uchitsvaga zvinhu senge LBA zvisingakwanisike, uye utore hanya zvakanyanya kana uchishandisa dd mune midzi midzi. Ehezve, iwe uchitova nema backups, asi kungwarira kwekuwedzera kutarisira kuchakuchengetera maawa ebasa risingakoshi

Uye ipapo chinyorwa chinopera.

Nezve rekodhi, ini handina kuyedza chero mirairo yakaratidzwa muchinyorwa chino, saka kana mumwe munhu akashandisa zvisirizvo (kana zvisirizvo) mirairo iyi, zvinowanzoitika kuti kana vakanganisa chimwe chinhu pakombuta yavo ini handizokwanisi kukubatsira.

Hapana icho, zvishoma nezvishoma ini ndichaedza mirairo hehe, kana ndikawana chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndinochigovana.

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