Yemahara Software Yekuvandudza Model: Iyo Cathedral uye iyo Bazaar

Yemahara Software Development Model

Yemahara Software Development Model

Iyo Cathedral neBazaar idhisiki yerudzi gwaro rakagadzirwa naEric S. Raymond mugore ra1.998 kuyedza kutsanangura kubva mumaonero ake uye neruzivo (Fetchmail Development) izvo zvaakanzwisisa nezvekubudirira kwekusika uye shanduko yeLinux nemapurogiramu ayo anoenderana, kunyanya kubva pakuona mutsauko uripo pakati peSoftware Development Models, iyo yaakadaidza iye pachake: iyo Cathedral Model neBazaar Model.

Uye muchinyorwa chino, isu tinopa ongororo uye pfupiso yemanifesto akadaro akakurumbira pakati pevagadziri veFree Software Movement. Iyo inowanikwa pachena uye inowanika munzvimbo zhinji dzewebhu, asi izvo zvinogona kutorwa pasi kubva kunotevera webhu link kuti uzviwane nekukurumidza: Iyo Cathedral uye iyo Bazaar.

Nhanganyaya kuCathedral neBazaar

INTRODUCCIÓN

Akataura zvinhu «Iyo Cathedral uye iyo Bazaar» inotipa isu nechiono chekuti mukati menyika yeSoftware Injiniya kune "maviri akasiyana zvachose masitaera ebudiriro., yekedhedral modhi, inoshanda kune zvakawanda zvezviitiko zvakaitwa pasoftware yezvokutengesa, zvichienzaniswa neyemabhaza modhi, yakajairika yenyika yeLinux ".

Kusimbisa kuti aya maviri mamodheru anotorwa kubva pakatarisana nemapoinzi ekutanga pane mhando yesoftware debugging maitiro, uye nezveruzivo rwake pamusoro pezvaakadana Mutemo waLinus uyo waiti zvinotevera: "Tichiwana huwandu hwakaringana hwemaziso, zvese zvikanganiso hazvina basa" kana nemamwe mazwi: "Nenhamba yakakwana yemaziso, zvese zvikanganiso zvinhu zvidiki ”.

Uye inosimbisa izwi reHacker, iro mumaonero angu munyori akataura serudzi rweMushandisi wepamusoro-soro anokwanisa kunzwisisa uye kushandisa zvisirizvo chirongwa., uye kuona, kuratidza kana kugadzirisa kururamisa kana kugadzirisa kweanoshanda mafomu uye chinhu kune ese mushandisi nharaunda.

Mune mamwe mabhuku, iri izwi kana pfungwa inonzi Hacker inoreva:

«nyanzvi, ineshungu nezveimwe nharaunda nzvimbo, kunyanya iyo tekinoroji nharaunda, uye ine chinangwa chekutora ruzivo irworwu kuitira zvinangwa. Ndiye munhu iyeye, kazhinji nyanzvi munzvimbo yeruzivo, anofarira ruzivo, kuwana nekudzidza zvinhu zvitsva uye kunzwisisa mashandiro azvo, kusvika padanho rekuzvigadzirisa nemazano anoshanda nezvikumbiro, uye nguva dzose aine chinangwa che kugovana ruzivo kana kudzivirira kutadza kana kusashanda kwechinhu chekudzidza.

Ndeipi pfungwa yepasirese uye chaiyo, nekuti kune "maHacker" munzvimbo dzese dzevanhu ruzivo.

Zvivakwa muKuvandudza Mahara Software

KUKUDZIRIRA

Pakati pevakawanda vakaverenga zvinhu zvakadaro, zvirokwazvo pachave nenhamba hombe vanozobvuma kuti pfungwa yekuti "Linux inopandukira" inonyatsoratidzwa ipapo. Asi nei?

Nekuti kusvika panguva iyoyo paive ne kuwanda kwenzira dzakaomarara dzeSoftware Maitiro kana mamodheru anoenderana ne "nzira yepakati uye yakarongwa kubva pakutanga" nekuti chiitiko chekugadzira Software chakatorwa sechinhu chakabatana nechimwe chinhu chinotungamira kune "kumwe kunetseka kwakanyanya."

Uye izvo kunyangwe hazvo nyika yeUnix yatovepo, inosanganisira maturusi madiki, kukurumidza prototyping uye shanduko kuronga, Kubuda kweFree Software yekuvandudza uzivi pasi peLinux kwakatora nyaya yacho kune imwe nhanho yekunyanyisa.

Nguva Munyika yePrivate Software Development zvakaitwa nenzira "yakanyarara uye inoremekedza", sekuvakwa kweKathedral, muWorld of Free Software Development (Linux) zvakaitwa ne "nzira ine mheremhere uye nemajenda akawanda (nzira) nemaitiro (mazano)", sekunge iwe waive mune hombe bazaar.

Iyi huru manifesto inotipa nzvimbo dzinoverengeka kudzikamisa mazano akataurwa ipapo, maererano neFree Software Development Model, ayo ari:

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 1

YOSE MITAMBO YAKANAKA IN SOFTWARE INOTANGA KUEDZA KUFADZA DAMBUDZIKO ROMUNHU REMUDZIMBISI WAKE.

Icho chiri chokwadi chisingarambike nekuti Vazhinji veavo vanoshanda muFree Software Development vanowanzo tanga nekuda kwekuda kugadzirisa dambudziko rako kana iro reboka kana boka, kana kukwidziridza maitiro atoitwa nenzira inononoka uye / kana inodzokorora, iyo inowanzo kuve inonetesa uye / kana kufinha kune avo vanotora chikamu mazviri, kuyedza kuwedzera nguva uye kuyedza kweavo vanobatanidzwa.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 2

VANOGADZIRA ZVAKANAKA VANOZIVA ZVEKUNYORA. VANHU VAKURU VANOZIVA ZVEKUNYORA UYE KUSHANDISA.

Chero mugadziri anoziva kuti kutanga kubva pakutanga hapana chakaipa kana kusakosha kana zvasvika pakugadzira chirongwa kana kunyorera. Nekudaro, kune vazhinji vari kutanga uye kune vamwe vatove neruzivo mune iyi nyaya, zvinonyatso kuzivikanwa kuti dzimwe nguva "Inventing the Wheel" zvakare haina kunyatsoshanda, asi zvirinani kungoigadzirisa uye kuiendesa kune zvako zvaunoda. Ndokureva kuti, zvirinani kunyora zvekare nekufungidzira kodhi dzese dzinogona kubva kune dzimwe nyanzvi mumunda dzinotinetsa kugadzirisa software yedu pachedu.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 3

"FUNGA NEZVEKUKANDA PASI PASI PASI - UNOGONA KUZVIITA ZVIMWE ZVIMWE."

Iyo yakanaka Software Mushambadzi inofanirwa kuziva nzira yekuteerera zvakadzama kune zvinotaurwa nevashandisi vezviitiko zvavo kana kuratidza kana kupa zano, sezvo chirongwa icho chatove kushanda, chinogona kuramba chiri chinhu chakakura kwazvo, kunyangwe chiri kushanda, chimwe chinhu chinorasikirwa kuchamhembe, a chinoshanda chikara chinoita zvese kune wese munhu, uyezve chimwe chinhu chisiri kunakidza. Saka kuteerera kuti udzokere kumidzi, kuhwina zvakare vakarasika vashandisi, wedzera mashandiro matsva, bvisa zvisina basa, ita kuti chirongwa chive chidiki, chakanyanya kujekesa uye zvakajairika, inogara iri tsika yakanaka.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 4

KANA UNE PANZVIMBO YEMAHARA, DAMBUDZIKO DZINONYANYA ZVINOKUWANA

Shanduko yakanaka pamafungiro uye nenguva ingangoreva shanduko huru kune mumwe neumwe programmer kana mushambadzi wesoftware mune zvavo zvazvino kana zvitsva zvinoita kuti zvireve zvitsva zvinobatsira zvenguva, mari kana nyaradzo kune vashandisi vezvigadzirwa zvavo. Iva nekutarisa kutsva nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ari kuzviratidza muchiratidzo chakanaka munzira kwayo.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 5

KANA CHIPANGANO CHISINGAKUFANSI, BASA RAKO ROKUPEDZISIRA NDEROKUPASIRA KUNE ANOGONESA ANOBUDIRIRA.

Kune vazhinji vanogadzira mapurogiramu kana vanogadzira software, pamwe nemamwe matekinoroji, hazvishamise kuda kupa nguva nyowani kumapurojekiti matsva. Asi munyika yeFree Software fungidziro ndeyekupfuudza batoni, kune vamwe vangade kuenderera mberi nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakatosiiwa, izvo zvavanofanira kubvumidza chero munhu kubiridzira (kunatsiridza) chirongwa chavo kana che kubatsirwa kwevashandisi venharaunda yechirongwa.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 6

KURAPA VASHANDI VAKO SEVABATANISI NDIMAI DZIMWE YAKANYANYA KUNYANYA NZIRA YOKUDZIDZA NOKUDZIDZA NOKUDZIDZA DZIDZO YEMAHARA.

Sezvo "yemahara" inowanzo dudzirwa se "yemahara" mukugadzirwa kweFree Software, vazhinji programmers vanowanzo batana pamwechete kuti vadzivise kusabhadharwa kusakara nekubvaruka nekubatana nevamwe vanogadzira kana vashandisi vemberi vezviitiko zvavo, kuenderera ivo kana kuti vamwe vaenderere mberi ivo, mukutsinhana nekutambira "zvikwereti" mukuvandudzwa kwemangwana kodhi zvigadzirwa uye kuona kuti ramangwana zviitiko zviri pamutemo zvinosanganisira kumwe kupihwa marezenisi, kudzivirira kuishandisa zvisirizvo.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 7

RELEASE IT PASI PEDYO. TANGAI KANA. UYE TEERERA VASHANDI VAKO.

Kusiyana nenyika yekudyara software kuvandudza, mune yemahara software zvinowanzoitika kuti zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza zviri nani. Sezvo hwaro hwakazara hwevashandisi nevagadziri vanowanzo shandisa nekuvandudza chirongwa munharaunda uye vozobatana pamwe chete, kutaurirana kusahadzika kwavo, mazano, zvirevo, zvichemo uye / kana zvirevo, zvinogona kuve sosi yakakosha ye ruzivo rwekukurumidza kuchinja chirongwa kumatanho akakura ekuvandudza.

Chirevo chekutanga: Kedhedral uye Bazaar

CHIKAMU # 8

KUPIWA YAKAKWANA BASI YAKANAKA BASI YEMAITESI NEVANOBATSIRA, ANENGE MATAMBUDZIKO ESE ANOGONESWA PASI PASI uye MHINDURO YAVO ICHANGOZIVIKANIRA MUMWE MUNHU.

Izvo zvinhu zvinopera nekuita kuti muverengi apedzise, ​​kazhinji kuti iyo Software Development Method yakavakirwa paBazaar Model, inoshanda kwazvo. Nekuti iro rakawedzera simba, rusununguko kana ruzivo Software Inogadziridza inopa Vashandisi nezvechirongwa chavo, ndipo pavanonyanya kupa mazano ane hungwaru kana shanduko dzinobatsira, chete nechinangwa chekubatsira pamwe.

Uye izvi zvinoratidzwa zvakanakisa mune inotevera chikamu kubva pane zvinyorwa:

"Uku ndiko, ini ndinofunga, musiyano wakakosha pakati pekedhedral uye bazaar masitaera. Zvinoenderana nemaonero anoita kereke huru kuchirongwa, zvikanganiso uye matambudziko ekuvandudza anonyengera, akadzika uye akamonyoroka zviitiko. Zvinotora mwedzi yekutarisisa nenhamba diki yevanhu vakazvipira kuve nechivimbo chekuti vakabviswa. Nekudaro nguva refu dzinodiwa kuti kuburitswe shanduro nyowani, uye kuora mwoyo kusingadzivisike kunoitika kana izvo izvo zvakamirirwa kwenguva yakareba zvisina kukwana.

Nekuda kweiyo bazaar modhi, zvisinei, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvikanganiso zvinowanzo kuve zvidiki zvinhu kana, zvirinani, kuti vanozove vakadaro nekukurumidza kana vangoburitswa kumeso anodisa ezviuru vashoma vakazvipira vanobatana kuti vaise kurudyi uye imwe nzira yakatenderedza yega yega vhezheni. "Saka unoramba uchisunungura mavhezheni kazhinji kuti uwane mamwe magadziriso, uye sechinhu chinobatsira parutivi unowana zvishoma zvaungarasikirwa nazvo kana ukakanganisa nguva imwe neimwe mune imwe nguva."

Mhedziso: Iyo Cathedral uye iyo Bazaar

KUPUPA

Ini pachangu, ruzivo rwangu rudiki mumunda weFree Software Development pasi peBazaar-mhando Model inondisiira mhedzisiro inotevera:

  • Vashandisi vanofanirwa kubatwa seyakakosha sosi, uye mune yakanakisa kesi sevabatsiri vanokosha pakubatana kwavo mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa.
  • Pfungwa yega yega yakanaka kana kuti inofanirwa kuongororwa, nekuti dzimwe nguva iyo isinganyanyo fungidzirwa inogona kunge iri mhinduro hombe kana kugadzirisa kuvandudza.
  • Izvo zvakanaka kana zvingangoita kuti zano rekutanga ripatsanure, riwedzere kana kusimuka kubva pane yepakutanga pfungwa, asi chakakosha ndechekuti inotariswa sei munhu maererano nemhando yemusika wemushandisi waunoda kushandira, kushandira kana kubatsira.
  • Kuti ugone kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwesimba nekuda kwekupararira.
  • Yakanakisa idiki, yakanangana, yakapusa, asi inoshanda kodhi iyo inokwanisa kukosheswa nenharaunda seyakarurama.
  • Chirongwa chakatokura kuCommunity yevashandisi, kana pasina chimwezve chekubvisa, nekuti kuwedzera kunogara kuri mukana wakanaka wekufunga.
  • Chero chirongwa chinogona kushandiswa (muchidimbu kana chakazara) kuti chishandiswe zvakare mumabasa anga asina kutanga kubatwa.
  • Yese Software inofanirwa kutakura marezenisi uye matanho ekuchengetedza kuitira kuvanzika kwekushandisa kweData remushandisi.
  • Izvo hazvidikanwe kutanga kubva pakutanga, mumwe munhu agara achigadzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana neyedu pfungwa yepamuviri.
  • Iwe unofanirwa kushanda pane chimwe chinhu chaunoda, iwe unofanirwa kunzwa kuda kweiyo budiriro kwaunozozvipira iwe muFree Software kuitira kuti ugadzire mukati mepfungwa yekubatana nezvakatsanangurwa, usinga svike kune kwakanyanya kwekuvandudza pfungwa yevaridzi pamusoro pazvo. .
  • Panofanirwa kuve neakanakisa uye kazhinji nzira dzekutaurirana pakati peVagadziri neVashandisi (Vabatsiri), kuitira kuti basa rifambe nekukurumidza uye shanduko zvinobudirira.

Ndinovimba makafarira uye mukawana ruzivo urwu rwunobatsira, nekuti Kuverengwa kwe "Iyo Cathedral neBazaar" inongedzo inosungirwa kune avo vese vanoronga chero Mahara Software Kuvandudza, zvisinei hazvo kuti ingave yakakura sei kana diki.


Makomendi gumi, siya zvako

Siya yako yekutaura

Your kero e havazobvumirwi ichibudiswa. Raida minda anozivikanwa ne *

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  1. Inotarisira iyo data: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Chinangwa cheiyo data: Kudzora SPAM, manejimendi manejimendi.
  3. Legitimation: Kubvuma kwako
  4. Kutaurirana kwedata
  5. Dhata yekuchengetedza: Dhatabhesi inobatwa neOccentus Networks (EU)
  6. Kodzero: Panguva ipi neipi iwe unogona kudzora, kupora uye kudzima ruzivo rwako

  1.   naciiboy akadaro

    pfupiso yakanaka / maonero, ini ndaizongobvisa yakawandisa mufananidzo we «yekutarisa nekodhi» zvekuti haina kuuya kune chero chinhu

    1.    Linux Tumira Kuisa akadaro

      Ivo vaitaridzika kunge vakakodzera kwandiri nenyaya yeSystem Development, uye zvaisazove zvakanaka kuvabvisa asi ndinokutendai nekucherechedza kwako!

  2.   BAYRON akadaro

    Yakanakisa pfupiso uye fananidzo.

    1.    Linux Tumira Kuisa akadaro

      Ndatenda Bayron nekutaura kwako kwakanaka uye kwakanaka.

  3.   Eduardo anobva kuTrinidad akadaro

    Kwayedza, makorokoto pachiziviso chakakosha ichi. Ini ndinofunga kuti "Muhumambo hwaMwari" ZVESE ZVIRI (ZVICHAVA) Mahara uye Mahara ... zvikasadaro vagadziri vacharamba vachiurairwa kana kurovererwa nevapanduki, nevaya vasinganzwisise kana vasingade kunzwisisa kuti isu "tinofanirwa kupa kuna Kesari zvinhu Kesari… uye kuna Mwari zviri zvaMwari »… Kubhadhara (KWEMAHARA) humwari hunhu sechiedza chezuva kana mweya waunofema… Rusununguko rwunodiwa, asi parizvino rwakashatiswa neMUSIKA WENhamo sepropetiary software.

    1.    Linux Tumira Kuisa akadaro

      Kwazisai, Eduardo de Trinidad. Ndatenda nekomendi yako uye mupiro.