Bishii Maajo ee la soo dhaafay, waxaan halkan ku wadaagnay blog-ka wararka ku saabsan isbeddelada ay NVIDIA u diyaarisay Linux, maadaama sida aan ku sheegnay qoraalka, soo daynta xigta ee darawaladeeda Milkiilayaasha "NVIDIA 560", Qaybaha kernel-ka furan ee Linux waxa loo isticmaali doonaa si caadi ah.
Hagaag, hadda NVIDIA waxay ku dhawaaqday qorshayaasheeda ay ugu wareejinayso darawalladeeda gaarka ah si ay ugu wareejiso cutubyada kernel-ka caadiga ah ee Linux, laga bilaabo Turing microarchitecture (GeForce GTX 1600 iyo RTX 2000).
Waxaa xusid mudan taas Qaybaha Linux waxaa la furay gu'gii 2022 iyadoo la raacayo shatiga MIT iyo GPLv2, qorshahana loogu isticmaalo sidii khaladaad ayaa la shaaciyay laba bilood ka hor. Isbeddelkan Waxay tusinaysaa in xirmada darawalka ee caadiga ah ay isticmaali doonto cutubyada furan ee jira, oo hore loogu soo bandhigay ikhtiyaar ahaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqaynta firmware-ka asaasiga ah iyo qaybaha goobta-isticmaalka, sida maktabadaha CUDA, OpenGL, iyo Vulkan, waxay ahaan doonaan kuwo leh.
Laba sano ka dib, waxaan ku gaadhnay waxqabad codsi u dhigma ama ka wanaagsan annagoo adeegsanayna ishayada GPU kernel modules-ka waxaanan ku darnay awoodo cusub oo la taaban karo:
Taageerada maaraynta xusuusta kala duwan (HMM).
-Kombuyuutar qarsoodi ah
-Habka xusuusta joogtada ah ee aaladahayada nimcada
-Iyo qaar kaloo badan
Hadda waxaan joognaa heer si buuxda loogu guurayo isha furan ee GPU kernel modules ay tahay go'aanka saxda ah, waxaanan sameyneynaa isbedelkaas sii deynta darawalka R560 ee soo socda.
Ilaa hadda, koontaroolayaasha lahaanshaha waxaa ku jiray noocyo kala duwanaansho ah Ilaha iska leh iyo kuwa furan labadaba, si isku mid ah loo cusboonaysiiyay, laakiin modules-ka lahaanshaha ayaa loo isticmaalay si caadi ah.
Farqiga ugu weyn Waxaa ka mid ah fursadaha jira Qaybaha furan waxa kaliya oo loo isticmaali karaa GPU-yada ku qalabaysan GSP microcontroller (Processor-ka Nidaamka GPU goonida ah). Kantaroolka yar-yar wuxuu u oggolaanayaa bilaabista GPU-ga iyo hawlgallada xakamaynta in laga raro kontaroolaha loona wareejiyo firmware-ka lahaanshaha. GSP waxa laga helaa kaadhadhka fiidyaha ee ku salaysan dhismayaasha yaryar sida Turing, Ampere, Ada iyo Hopper.
Marka lagu daro GPU-yada cusub, Qaybaha lahaanshaha ayaa wali taageera GPU-yada da'da ah ee aan ku qalabaysan GSP, sida kuwa ku salaysan Maxwell, Pascal iyo Volta microarchitectures. NVIDIA waxay damacsan tahay inay joojiso hirgelinta taageerada GPU-yada cusub ee qaybaha lahaanshaha oo ay diiradda saaraan oo keliya horumarinta qaybaha furan. Tusaale ahaan, taageerada qalabka cusub ee NVIDIA Grace Hopper iyo NVIDIA Blackwell ayaa hadda laga heli karaa qaybo furan, kuwaas oo aan taageerin qaybaha lahaanshaha.
Ma aha dhammaan GPU-yada ay taageerayaan unugyada GPU kernel-ka ee isha furan.
Meelaha jiilka soo socda sida NVIDIA Grace Hopper ama NVIDIA Blackwell, waa inaad isticmaashaa qaybaha asaasiga ah ee GPU. Darawalada gaarka ah laguma taageero goobahan.
GPU-yada cusub ee Turing, Ampere, Ada Lovelace, ama Hopper architectures, NVIDIA waxay ku talinaysaa in loo beddelo qaybaha kernel GPU ee furan. GPU-yada da'da weyn ee Maxwell, Pascal, ama Volta architectures, ilaha furan ee GPU-yada muhiimka ah lagama taageero goobtaada. Fadlan sii wad isticmaalka darawalka gaarka ah ee NVIDIA.
Ku darida isku dhafka ah ee GPU-yada hore iyo kuwa cusub ee isku nidaamka ah, sii wad isticmaalka darawalka gaarka ah.
Iyadoo la sii daayay darawallada NVIDIA 560 loogu talagalay GPU-yada ku salaysan Turing microarchitecture iyo farsamada GPU-da ee ku salaysan Ada, Noocyada furan ee cutubyada ayaa la sii deyn doonaa ee kernel ku rakiban by default iyo nvidia-peermem.ko xaaladaha ay suurtagal tahay isticmaalkeeda. Qaybinta Ubuntu, Debian, SUSE iyo openSUSE, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo xirmada "nvidia-open". si loo rakibo nooca moduleka furan ee darawalada NVIDIA. Qaybinta ku salaysan RHEL, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo "nvidia-darawal«.
Waxaa xusid mudan taas NVIDIA waxay bixisaa qoraal cusub «nvidia-driver-caawiyet» gargaarka ogaanshaha, kaas oo fududeeyaa xulashada nooca ugu fiican ee modules kernel. In kasta oo, dhanka kale, dadka isticmaala kuwaas oo doorbidaya inay ku sameeyaan amarrada, haddii ay rabaan inay ku rakibaan cutubyada kernel-ka ee nidaamka, waa inay qeexaan ikhtiyaarka «-kernel-module-type=hanti» markaad ku shaqaynayso faylka rakibaadda darawalada NVIDIA.
ugu danbeyn hadii aad tahay xiisaynaya in aan wax badan ka ogaado, waxaad ka eegi kartaa faahfaahinta xiriirka soo socda.