Farsamaynta: Teknolojiyada la Heli Karo ee 2019

Virtualization of Operating Systems (OS) asal ahaan waxay ka kooban tahay awood u lahaanshaha in lagu wadaago isla Hardware dhowr Nidaamyada Howlgalka oo ku shaqeeya qaab gebi ahaanba madax banaan. Tan waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyada oo loo marayo softiweer-ku-ficil-sameynta, kuwaas oo ay ku badan yihiin suuqa kombuyuutarka oo ay jiraan dhawr ikhtiyaar oo bilaash ah oo lahaansho leh.

Dhammaan tiknoolajiyada hadda la heli karo waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo dhib ah marka la eego rakibiddooda, qaabeynta, adeegsiga iyo helitaanka iyo marin u helidda dukumiintiyada lagama maarmaanka u ah iyaga inay ka adkaadaan. Laakiin dhammaantood waxay diiradda saaraan fududeynta bisha Maajo ama ka yar ficil ahaanshaha ku dhowaad wax kasta oo OS gaar ah (marti) ama OS ah (martigeliye), si loo tijaabiyo ku dhowaad OS kasta iyada oo aan loo baahnayn dirawal adag oo gaar ah.

Ahmiyada hufnaanta

Ha ahaato mid shaqeynaya OS dhameystiran ama kaliya 1 ama dhowr codsi, ku shaqeysiintu waa baahi lama huraan ah, maadaama ay noo ogolaato in aan balaadhino fursadahayaga iyo awoodeena gudaha madalkeena hadda (computer/network).

Dhammaan kuwa ka shaqeeya ama ku raaxeysta Tiknoolajiyadda, waxaa aad muhiim u ah in lala socodsiiyo isbeddelada ka dhacay., ama si loo kordhiyo horumarinteena xirfadeed, kor loogu qaado wax soosaarka shaqadeena ama kaliya loo fududeeyo barashada iyo / ama barida cilmiga kombiyuutarka ugu dambeeyay.

Xamaasad kumbuyuutar, badanaa isticmaalaha guriga oo badanaa isticmaala OS-ga qaaska ah rabitaanka barashada isticmaalka ama isticmaalka faa iidooyinka OS kale oo la yaqaan ama aan ahayn, adigoon u baahnayn inaad qaabeyso kombiyuutarkaaga

Tignoolajiyada tan suurtagelinayana waa Virtualization of Operating Systems, kaas oo asal ahaan ka kooban awood u lahaanshaha wadaagida isla HW dhowr Nidaamyada Hawlgalka oo ku shaqeeya hab gebi ahaanba madax bannaan.

Tikniyoolajiyadda hadda jirta ee HW waxay ka dhigtay teknoolojiyaddan inay wax badan ka soo baxaan, taasi waa, codsiyada taageera, taas oo maanta noo oggolaaneysa inaan ku shaqeyno hal ama in ka badan Nidaam-hawleed (nidaamyo) ka duwan kuweenna iyo kuweenna, iyadoo si ficil ahaan ah isku awood dhab ah oo mararka qaar xitaa la mid ah ama ka weyn sidii haddii si toos ah loogu rakibay HW-gaaga.

Faa'iidooyinka Virtualization

• Kaydso kharashyada qalabka cusub ee jirka.
• Hoos u Dhigo Arimaha Iswaafajinta Barnaamijka
• Badbaadinta saacadaha / foosha ee Cloning nidaamyada kulul.
• Badbaadinta saacadaha / shaqada ee Socdaalka nidaamyada kulul
• Fududeynta fulinta Deegaanada Imtixaanka
• Hagaajinta go'doominta Qalabka, Codsiyada iyo Adeegyada
• Hagaajinta Amniga iyo Xogta marin-u-helka gaarka ah ee Qalabka iyo Nidaamyada
• Dabacsanaanta iyo kacsanaanta soo celinta Qalabka, Codsiyada iyo Adeegyada.

Faa'iido-darrooyinka ku-habboonaanta

• Soo-celinta hoose ee suuragalka ah
• Xaddidaadda Qalabka suurtagalka ah
• Kordhinta shaqada sababo la xiriira badashada MV
• Khatarta sii kordheysa sababtoo ah bartamaha MV
• Khataraha isku mid ahaanta ama isku dheelitir la'aanta qaababka VM

Teknoolojiyadda Wax-u-qabashada

Tikniyoolajiyad wax ku ool ah oo la heli karo ayaa adeegsada waxa loo yaqaan "Hypervisor" ama "Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)", taas oo aan ka badnayn Platform Virtualization lafteeda, taasi waa, farsamada noo ogolaaneysa inaan adeegsanno, isla mar ahaantaana, OS-yo badan oo marti-geliye ah (Server Server).

Hadda, hypervisors waxaa loo kala saari karaa laba nooc:

• Nooca 1 (Dhalad, Baadi-bir): Kuwani Hypervisors waa xal Software fuliyay toos toos ah HW dhabta ah ee martida loo yahay (Server Server) si loo xakameeyo HW loona kormeero OS-ga badan. Nidaamyada farsamaysan waxay ku shaqeeyaan heer kale oo ka sarreeya Hypervisor.

Qaar ka mid ah kuwa sida fiican loo yaqaan Nooca 1 Hypervisors waa kuwan soo socda:

1. Citrix XenServer
2. Citrix Hypervisor
3. Microsoft Hyper V Server
4. Promox VE
5. VMware: ESX / ESXi / ESXi Bilaash / Hypervisor vSphere
6. Xen
7. Xtratum

Hypervisors nooca 1 markiisuna wuxuu noqon karaa laba nooc:

1. Kali ah
2. Waxaa qoray Microkernel

• Nooca 2 (Martigeliyey): Hypervisors-kaani waa xal Software ah oo ku shaqeeya OS-ka caadiga ah (Linux, Windows, Mac OS) si loo habeeyo Nidaamyada kale ee Hawlaha. Sidan oo kale, virtualization waxay ku dhacdaa lakab ka fog HW haddii aynu barbar dhigno Nooca 1 Hypervisors.

Qaar ka mid ah Hypervisors nooca 2 aad loo isticmaalo waa kuwan soo socda:

1. wax qabad
2. Sanduuqyada Gnome
3. Mashiinka Virtual-ku-saleysan Kernel (KVM)
4. VMware: Goobta Shaqada, Server, Ciyaaryahan iyo Fusion
5. Microsoft: PC Virtual, Virtual Server
6. Muuqaalka Muuqaalka
7. QEMU
8. Casriyeynta Hat Enterprise Virtualization
9. Sandboxie
10. VM Lite
11. Maamulaha Virt-ka
12. VirtualBox
13. Virtuozzo Hypervisor

Hybrid Virtualization waxaa badanaa lagu sheegaa suugaanta qaarkood, taas oo, sida magaceedu sheegayo, ay ka kooban tahay hirgelinta 2 nooc ee Nidaamyada Nidaamyada Nidaamka Hawlgalka ee kor ku xusan ee ku jira isla marti-geliye isku mid ah. Teknoolojiyadaha kale ee caanka ah ee caan ku ahaanshaha la xuso ayaa ah kuwa inta badan la xiriira daruurta ama Kunteenarada. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Cloud Virtualization

1. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
2. IBM PowerVM
3. OracleVM
4. Windows Azure

• Hantidhowrka Weelka

1. Docker
2. Kubureteska
3. linux-vserver
4. LXC
5. Furan
6. Panamax
7. podman
8. Desktop-ka Rancher
9. rt
10. Maqalka
11. Vagrant
12. Weelka Windows

Resumen

Go'aaminta nooca Teknoolojiyadda Virtualization-ka ee ugu fiican waxay kuxirantahay baahida iyo moodeelka ganacsi ee Urur iyo awoodaha Shaqaalaha IT-ga ee halkaas ka shaqeeya. Laakiin marka la soo koobo waxaa la ogaan karaa in nooca 1 hypervisor uu ka dhakhso badan yahay nooca 2 hypervisor, tan iyo markii ugu horreysay uu si toos ah ula xiriiro HW server-ka. Nooca 1 Hypervisor uma baahna inuu wax ka qabto OS-ga iyo lakabyo kala duwan oo caadi ahaan yareeya awoodaha martigeliyaha Hypervisors.

Waxaan ku soo gabagabeynayaa nooca 1 Hypervisor waxaan ku heli doonnaa waxqabad wanaagsan, miisaan iyo xasillooni. Laakiin, ka soo horjeeda, waxaan haysanaa in tiknoolajiyada noocaan ah ee la taageerayo HW ay aad u xaddidan tahay, maadaama ay caadi ahaan ku dhisan tahay darawalo xaddidan oo hirgelintiisu aad u adag tahay.

In kasta oo nooca 2-aad ee 'Hypervisors' ee caan ka ah caanna ku ah qof walba isla markaana dardar geliyay dhaqdhaqaaqa suugaanta waxaad helaysaa iswaafajin badan sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah in ay leeyihiin matrix HW weyn, maadaama ay isticmaalaan software-ku-saleysan ku-saleysan. Tusaale ahaan, nooca 2 Hypervisor ayaa lagu rakibi karaa laptop aad uga sahlan nooca 1 Hypervisor. Sidoo kale, nooca 2 Hypervisor ayaa sahlan in la habeeyo sababtoo ah waxay si toos ah ula shaqeeyaan OS.

Haddii aad qabtid su'aalo dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan mowduucan, waxaan kugula talinayaa inaad aqriso warqadda shaqada ee la xiriirta tan laga helay isku xirka.