[HowTo] Debian Testing + Mate + Dasturlari

Mate - manba kodidan kelib chiqadigan vilka (hosilasi) Gnome 2, hozirgi versiyasida ko'plab eskirgan to'plamlar va kutubxonalar o'rniga GLib-da mavjud bo'lgan yangi texnologiyalar joylashtirildi.

Ko'p sonli Gnome dasturlari Mate-da o'zgartirildi, masalan:

• Box - Fayl menejeri (Nautilus-dan)
• Qalam - Matn muharriri (Geditdan)
• Eye of Mate - Image Viewer (Eye of GNOME-dan)
• Lectern - Hujjatlarni ko'rish (Evince'dan)
• Staple - siqish vositasi (File roller-dan)
• MATE Terminal - Terminal emulyatori (Gnome Terminaldan)

Qo'shimcha ma'lumotni quyidagi manzilda topishingiz mumkin:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATE
http://mate-desktop.org/

Asosan men ushbu ish stoli muhitini tanladim, chunki u yaxshi, yaxshi ... yo'q, juda yaxshi, resurslari kam bo'lgan kompyuterlarga.

Men uni ikki xil noutbukda sinab ko'rdim, biri eski 32Bit 1G RAM HP Centrino, ikkinchisi 64Bit 2G RAM Asus Atom.

Birinchisi Debian Testing bilan, ikkinchisi barqaror versiyasi bilan, haqiqat shundaki, ular o'zlarini ajoyib tutishadi va juda suyuq.

Boshlash uchun biz Debian Netinstall tasvirini tarmoq kartasi dasturiy ta'minoti bilan yuklab olamiz:

Debian Stable uchun bitta faylda 32bit va 64 bit bitli arxitektura:
http://ftp.acc.umu.se/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/current/multi-arch/iso-cd/firmware-7.7.0-amd64-i386-netinst.iso

Debian Testing uchun bir xil, ammo alohida, men nima uchun bilmayman, lekin bu menga ko'p me'morchilik qobiliyatsizligini berdi.

32 bit:
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/weekly-builds/i386/iso-cd/firmware-testing-i386-netinst.iso

64 bit:
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/weekly-builds/amd64/iso-cd/firmware-testing-amd64-netinst.iso

Uni pendrive birinchi ochiq terminaliga nusxalash uchun:

sudo fdisk -l

U shunga o'xshash narsani chiqaradi:

Disk / dev / sda: 1500.3 GB, 1500301910016 bayt 255 bosh, 63 sektor / trek, 182401 tsilindr, 2930277168 sektor jami Birlik = 1 * 512 sektor = 512 bayt Sektor hajmi (mantiqiy / jismoniy): 512 bayt / 4096 bayt I / O hajmi (minimal / optimal): 4096 bayt / 4096 bayt Disk identifikatori: 0x2bd2c32a Qurilma boshlashni boshlash tugatish blokirovka qilish tizimi / dev / sda1 * 2048 83888127 41943040 83 Linux / dev / sda3 83888128 2930276351 1423194112 5 Extended / dev / sda5 167776256 692064255 262144000 Linux / dev / sda83 6 692066304 2917693439 1112813568 Linux / dev / sda83 7 2917695488 2930276351 6290432 Linux almashtirish / Solaris Disk / dev / sdh: 2004 MB, 2004877312 64 32 bayt 1912 bosh, 3915776 sektor / trek, 1 tsilindr, 512 sektor jami Birlik = 512 * 512 sektor = 512 bayt Sektor hajmi (mantiqiy / jismoniy): 512 bayt / 512 bayt I / O hajmi (minimal / optimal): 0 bayt / 74 bayt Disk identifikatori: 3401x1b64f Qurilma Ishga tushirish Ishga tushirish tugatish blokirovka qilish tizimi / dev / sdh581631 * 290784 83 XNUMX XNUMX Linux

Siz yaxshi ko'rasiz, qaysi sizning pendrive, mening holimda / dev / sdh, qizil bilan belgilangan qattiq disk.

Va ISO fayli joylashgan o'sha papkadan terminalda

$ sudo dd if=firmware-testing-amd64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdh bs=4M

ISO fayllarini USB-ga nusxalashning yana bir usuli - Unetbootin yordam dasturi
http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/

Agar unetbootin dasturiy ta'minot fayllarini pendrive dasturiy ta'minot papkasiga ko'chirmasa, uni yuklab oling
ushbu havola va usb dasturiy ta'minot papkasida ochilmagan nusxalari

Testing
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/firmware/jessie/current/firmware.tar.gz

Barqaror
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/firmware/wheezy/current/firmware.tar.gz

Kompyuterni usb bilan ishga tushirganimizda Debian-ni kerakli versiyada o'rnatishingizni, oddiy rj45 tarmoq kabeli bilan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri modemga yoki Internetni ulashadigan boshqa kompyuterga rj45 o'zaro faoliyat kabel orqali bajarishingizni maslahat beraman.

Tizim o'rnatilgandan so'ng, grafik muhitsiz qayta ishga tushirilganda, siz ulanmasdan qolasiz, wifi tarmog'i opsiyasini (odatda wlan0) debian o'rnatishda signal bo'lmaydi.

Debian-ni o'rnatishni boshlagandan so'ng, men ushbu mavzuda ko'proq ma'lumot bermayman, chunki ko'plab qo'llanmalar mavjud, ammo uni noutbukga o'rnatadiganlarga, agar siz qismlarni ajratish variantlari haqida gap ketganda, «Qo'llanmada - butun diskdan foydalaning va shifrlangan LVM-ni sozlang»

Bu grafik o'rnatishdan qanday ko'rinishga ega

O'rnatish uchun turli xil qo'llanmalar mavjud, ba'zilari:
http://unbrutocondebian.blogspot.com.es/2012/09/instala-debian-7-para-torpes.html
https://blog.desdelinux.net/instalacion-de-debian-6-paso-a-paso/
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2012/05/instalar-debian-gnulinux-squeeze-60.html

Shifrlangan bo'limlari bilan Debian-ni o'rnatish
http://perezmeyer.blogspot.com.es/2011/01/instalando-debian-squeeze-con.html
http://www.ac.usc.es/docencia/ASR/Tema_2html/node7.html
http://wiki.debianchile.org/InstalarDebianParticionCifrada#Instalar_Debian_con_partici.2BAPM-n_cifrada
http://j2sg.wordpress.com/2013/10/03/servidor-debian-montaje-e-instalacion-con-raid-luks-y-lvm/

Vazifalar dasturini tanlash ekraniga kirganingizda, Mate-ni keyinroq qayta ishga tushirganimizda uni o'rnatish uchun fotosuratda bo'lgani kabi "ish stoli muhiti" belgisini olib tashlashingiz kerak.

Tushuntirish ... Qo'llanmadagi omborlar Debian testidan olingan (jessie), agar u debian barqaror bo'lsa edi (xirmonlar)

O'rnatish tugadi va kompyuterni qayta yoqing:
Biz omborlar faylini ochamiz

# nano /etc/apt/sources.list


Biz qo'shamiz

# Mate
deb http://repo.mate-desktop.org/debian jessie main
deb http://packages.mate-desktop.org/repo/debian jessie main
deb http://mirror1.mate-desktop.org/debian jessie main

Repolarni yangilang va mate repo kalitini qo'shing

#apt-get update
#apt-get install mate-archive-keyring
#apt-get update
Agar sizda bog'liqlik muammosi bo'lsa, avval ushbu kutubxonalarni o'rnating

# apt-get install libmatewnck=1.6.0-1 libmatewnck-common=1.6.0-1


Va keyin siz Mate muhitining barcha paketlarini, xorg serverini va ligthdm grafik kirish menejerini o'rnatishingiz mumkin

# apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment xorg lightdm
# apt-get install mate-desktop-environment-extra


Avtomatik ravishda kirish uchun faylni tahrir qiling

# pluma /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

Va "# autologin-user =" -ni o'zgartiring
autologin-user =Mening foydalanuvchim

Biz saqlaymiz
Endi Wi-Fi konfiguratsiyasini osonlashtirish va boshqalar qatori dasturlarni o'rnatish uchun zarur bo'lgan ba'zi imkoniyatlar

# apt-get install network-manager-gnome gdebi xdg-user-dirs synaptic

Foydalanuvchi papkalarini yaratish uchun: (Yuklamalar, hujjatlar, musiqa, rasmlar va hk)
xdg-user-dirs-update

Sudo qo'shing:

# apt-get install sudo

# nano /etc/sudoers

Biz "root ALL = (ALL: ALL) ALL" tagiga quyidagi qatorni qo'shamiz

mi_usuario    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

Va biz Ctrl + O va Ctrl + X yordamida tejaymiz.

Mate grafik muhitini ishga tushiring
startx

Eslatma: siz ildiz ekanligingizni unutmang, yaxshisi endi foydalanuvchi bilan yoping va qaytadan boshlang

Debian 7 Wheezy-dan ko'p me'morchilik
AMD64 tizimida birinchi narsa i386 arxitekturasini qo'shishdir:

$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && apt-get update


keyin i386 kutubxonalarini o'rnating:

$ sudo apt-get install ia32-libs

Arxitekturani olib tashlash uchun:

$ sudo dpkg --remove-architecture i386


Deb-multimedia reposlarini qo'shing va kodeklarni o'rnating

Terminaldan: Alt + F2 tugmachalari bilan keyin mate-terminal yozasiz

$ sudo pluma /etc/apt/sources.list


# Deb-multimedia
deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org jessie main non-free

Biz saqlaymiz, keyin paketlarni yangilaymiz va deb-multimedia ombori kalitini o'rnatamiz

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install deb-multimedia-keyring
$ sudo apt-get update


- omborlarda autentifikatsiya kaliti mavjud. Agar apt-get yangilanishini amalga oshirishda ular ushbu turdagi bir yoki bir nechta xabarlarni "NO_PUBKEY D6B6DB186A68F637 "Yechim root yoki sudo bilan:

$ sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com D6B6DB186A68F637


Kodeklarni va boshqalarni o'rnatish

$ sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2 faad gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-x gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3 gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly ffmpeg lame twolame vorbis-tools libquicktime2 libfaac0 libmp3lame0 libxine1-all-plugins libxine2-all-plugins-libdvdread4 libdvdnav4 libmad0 libavutil51 sox libxvidcore4 libavcodec53 libavcodec54 libavdevice53 libavdevice54 libstdc++5 build-essential checkinstall make automake cmake autoconf git git-core flashplugin-nonfree x264


64-bitli tizimlar uchun:

$ sudo apt-get install w64codecs

32-bitli tizimlar uchun:

$ sudo apt-get install w32codecs

Bepul haydovchilar:

$ sudo apt-get install firmware-linux-nonfree


OpenJDK, ochiq manba java

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre icedtea-7-plugin

Siqish / dekompressiya vositalari

$ sudo apt-get install rar unrar zip unzip unace bzip2 lzop p7zip-full p7zip-rar

Tipografik shriftlar

$ sudo apt-get install fonts-freefont-otf texlive-fonts-extra ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Mikro va harorat sezgichlari

$ sudo apt-get install lm-sensors
$ sudo sensors-detect

Agar siz qattiq diskdan birini xohlasangiz

$ sudo apt-get install hddtemp
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure hddtemp

Tizim ma'lumotlari va vositalari

$ sudo apt-get install hardinfo disk-manager gparted bleachbit wine parcellite unetbootin htop xterm mc testdisk foremost cryptkeeper gtkhash fslint keepass2 gnote mat deja-dup samba


antivirus

$ sudo apt-get install clamav clamtk


Xavfsizlik devori

$ sudo apt-get install ufw gufw


multimedia

$ sudo apt-get install audacious audacious-plugins soundconverter devede audacity vlc clementine gnome-mplayer xfburn acetoneiso isomaster


Rasm va fotosurat

$ sudo apt-get install gimp-gap gimp-resynthesizer gimp-dcraw gimp-ufraw gimp-texturize gimp-data-extras inkscape pinta


Xabarlar va elektron pochta xabarlari

$ sudo apt-get install pidgin pidgin-encryption icedove icedove-l10n-es-es

Agar siz icedove-dan engilroq elektron pochta mijozini xohlasangiz

$ sudo apt-get install sylpheed


Internet

$ sudo apt-get install iceweasel iceweasel-l10n-es-es browser-plugin-vlc uget remmina remmina-plugin-nx qbittorrent

Ular shuningdek:

- Spotify:
Arxitektura paketlarini yuklab oling va gnome mijoz uni gdebi bilan o'rnatadi
http://repository.spotify.com/pool/non-free/s/spotify/
Sizga libssl0.9.8 kutubxonasi kerak, uni arxitektura bo'yicha yuklab oling.
http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl0.9.8_0.9.8o-4squeeze14_amd64.deb
http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl0.9.8_0.9.8o-4squeeze14_i386.deb

Agar kutubxona kerak bo'lsa, uni qidiraman http://www.debian.org/distrib/packages#search_packages

- Skype:
http://www.skype.com/es/download-skype/skype-for-linux/downloading/?type=debian32

- Teamviewer:
http://www.teamviewer.com/es/download/linux.aspx

- Vuala:
https://www.wuala.com/es/download/linux

- Dropbox:
https://www.dropbox.com/install?os=lnx

- Sopcast:
https://sopcast-player.googlecode.com/files/sopcast-player-0.8.5.tar.gz
http://download.easetuner.com/download/sp-auth.tgz
http://www.sopcast.com/download/libstdcpp5.tgz

Ular joylashgan papkalarda va terminaldan fayllarni oching

$ tar -zxvf sopcast-player-0.8.5.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf sp-auth.tgz
$ tar -zxvf libstdcpp5.tgz

Kutubxonalarni / usr / bin-ga nusxalash va gettext python-glade2-ni o'rnatish

$ sudo cp ./sp-auth/sp-sc-auth /usr/bin/
$ sudo cp -a ./usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5* /usr/bin/
$ sudo apt-get install gettext python-glade2

Compila e instala desde la carpeta sopcast-player

$ cd sopcast-player/
$ sudo make && sudo make install


- Jdownloader:
Faylni yuklab oling (MULTIOS ZIP)
http://jdownloader.org/download/index

Siz uy papkasida ochasiz, u ishga tushirilganda yangilanadi va menyuda buyruqlar maydonida to'g'ridan-to'g'ri havolani yaratasiz:
java -jar '/home/username/Jdownloader/JDownloader.jar'

- Wifiguard:
http://www.softperfect.com/products/wifiguard/

Agar sizga dasturiy ta'minot kerakligi sababli Wi-Fi ishlamasa, ularni qo'llanmada yuqorida aytib o'tilgan firmare.tar.gz paketida mavjudligini unutmang.

Siz uni papkaga uzatasiz, ochasiz va gdebi bilan kerakli paketni grafik yoki konsoldan o'rnatasiz.
Kompyuteringizda qaysi simsiz kartani terminaldan foydalanayotganini ko'rish uchun:

$ lspci | grep -w Wireless
ó
$ lsusb | grep -w Wireless

Siz uni buyruq bilan o'rnatasiz

$ sudo dpkg -i xxx-paquete-xxx.deb


Ati va nvidia drayverlari (nima uchun takrorlash kerak, uni bu erda o'qishingiz mumkin)
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2007/06/instalar-driver-libre-ati-aceleracin-3d.html
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2012/07/ati-radeon-hd-3200-series.html
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2012/08/nouveau-con-aceleracion-3d.html
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2007/06/instalar-driver-de-nvidia-aceleracin-3d.html
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2011/01/nvidia-driver-privado-oficial.html
http://usuariodebian.blogspot.com.es/2012/07/debian-squeeze-instalar-driver-nvidia.html

Haqiqat shundaki, Debian bilan ushbu muhit mukammallik bilan chegaralanadi.

Shubhasiz men orqada bir narsani qoldirganman, eslaymanki, uni qo'shaman.

http://foro.desdelinux.net/viewtopic.php?id=3001