Abaphathi beewindows: Ujongano loMsebenzisi weGrafiki yeGNU / Linux
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwe GNU / Linux, ukusetyenziswa nokwahluka kwe Ujongano loMsebenzisi loMzobo (i-GUI) ekhoyo ikhula. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukhuphiswano oluthile lukhulile phakathi kwabasebenzisi, abatsha nabanamava, malunga nokuba yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezikhoyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lwangoku olukhoyo I-GUI ye-GNU / LinuxOko kukuthi, i Abaphathi bewindows (Abaphathi beWindows-WM, ngesiNgesi) ethandwa kakhulu okanye eyaziwa kakuhle, ihlala iza kudityaniswa ngaphakathi kwaziwa kakuhle kwaye igqibelele Ubume beDesktop (Ubume beDesktop - DE, ngesiNgesi) ngelixa ezinye ezininzi, zilungile, kodwa mhlawumbi zingaziwa kakuhle okanye zisetyenzisiwe, zihlala zizimela Imeko-bume yeDesktop ngqo.

Masikhumbule ukuba, phakathi kwe- Imeko-bume yeDesktop kunye Umphathi wewindows umahluko ucace gca xa uthetha nge Inkqubo yokusebenza ye-GNU / Linux.
Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuqaqambisa ubukho be Inkqubo yeX Window (X yeWindows, ngesiNgesi), which Sithathwa njengesiseko esivumela ukuzoba izinto zemizobo kwiscreen. Njengoko, X yeWindows inika inkxaso evumela intshukumo yeefestile, unxibelelwano ngebhodi yezitshixo kunye nemouse, kwaye uzobe iifestile. Kwaye konke oku kuyimfuneko nakweyiphi na i-graphic desktop.
Ngale nto engqondweni, sinokuqonda ngcono ukuba yi Umphathi wewindows kunye Imeko-bume yeDesktop.
Umphathi wewindows
Liqhekeza lephazili elilawula ukubekwa kunye nokubonakala kweefestile. Kwaye oko kufuna X yeWindows ukusebenza kodwa hayi ukusuka ku Imeko-bume yeDesktop, yefom enyanzelekileyo. Kwaye ngokwe I-ArchLinux esemthethweni yeWiki, kwicandelo layo elizinikezelwe kwi «Abaphathi beWindows«, Ezi zahlulwe zaziindidi ezintathu, zezi zilandelayo:
- Ingqokelela: Abo balingisa ukubonakala kunye nokusebenza kweWindows kunye ne-OS X, ke ngoko, lawula windows njengamaqhekeza ephepha kwidesktop, enokubekwa ngaphezulu komnye nomnye.
- Ukuthayipha: Ezo ze "mosaic" zohlobo apho iifestile zingadluliyo, kwaye apho kuhlala kukho ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kakhulu kweendlela ezimfutshane, kwaye ukuxhomekeka kokuncinane ekusebenziseni imouse kufunyenwe.
- Amandla: Ezo zikuvumela ukuba utshintshe ubume beewindows phakathi kwemosisi okanye ukudada.
Imeko yedesktop
Yinto okanye inkqubo edityaniswe ngakumbi kune Umphathi wewindows. Kwaye ke ifuna zombini X yeWindows njenge Umphathi wewindows, ukusebenza. Kungenxa yoko le nto zihlala zibandakanya ezabo kunye / okanye zisebenzise enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwe-WM ezizimeleyo ukusebenza ngokukuko.
Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba a Imeko-bume yeDesktop ngokubanzi kubandakanya iseti yezicelo ezidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo ukuze zonke iinkqubo zazane, ezinje, ngohlobo lwesicelo ipaneli (ibar yomsebenzi) oququzelela imisebenzi ethile njengokubeka encinci izinto (iiwijethi) inyathelo elikhawulezayo okanye ulwazi oluxhasa ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi nge Ubume beDesktop, sicebisa ukuba siphonononge ungeniso lwethu olulandelayo olufumanekayo:
- GNOME
- KDE Plasma
- XFCE
- Cinnamon
- Umtshato
- Lxde
- LXQT
- Deepin, efanisa y Budgie
- UZiqu-zintathu noMoksha
- I-NGI

Abaphathi be Window xa kuthelekiswa neemeko ze Desktop
Ungumnikazi weNdalo esingqongileyo ethile yeDesktop
- IMetacity: Ukusuka kwi-GNOME
- Mutter: Ukusuka kwi-GNOME Shell
- KwinUkusuka kwi KDE kunye ne KDE Plasma
- XFWM: Ukusuka kwiXFCE
- Muffin: Isuka kwiCinnamon
- Marco: Matte
- Ubunzulu beWM: Ukusuka kwi-Deepin
- Gala: Ukusuka Pantheon
- Uludwe lweWM: Ukusuka eBudgie
- UKWM: Ukusuka eUKUI
Ezizimeleyo kweNdawo esingqongileyo yeDesktop
- 2BWM: https://github.com/venam/2bwm
- 9WM: https://github.com/9wm/9wm
- AEWM: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/aewm
- Emva kwexesha: http://afterstep.org/
- WM eyoyikekayo: https://awesomewm.org/
- BerryWM: https://berrywm.org/
- Ibhokisi emnyama: https://github.com/bbidulock/blackboxwm
- I-BSPWM: https://github.com/baskerville/bspwm
- Byobu: https://byobu.org/
- Qulunqa: http://www.compiz.org/
- I-CWM: https://github.com/leahneukirchen/cwm
- I-DWM: http://dwm.suckless.org/
- Ukhanyiselo: http://www.enlightenment.org
- UbubiWM: https://github.com/nikolas/evilwm
- I-EXWM: https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm
- Ibhokisi yeFlux: http://www.fluxbox.org
- I-FLWM: http://flwm.sourceforge.net/
- I-FVWM: https://www.fvwm.org/
- Inkungu: http://www.escomposlinux.org/jes/
- Herbstluftwm: https://herbstluftwm.org/
- I3WM: https://i3wm.org/
- I-IceWM: https://ice-wm.org/
- Iyon: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/ion/
- IJWM: https://joewing.net/projects/jwm/
- Umdlalo weBoxhttps: //www.yoctoproject.org/software-item/matchbox/
- Imetisihttp://insitu.lri.fr/metisse/
- IMusca: https://github.com/enticeing/musca
- MWM: https://motif.ics.com/
- Ibhokisi evulekileyo: http://openbox.org/wiki/Main_Page
- Pekwm: https://github.com/pekdon/pekwm
- I-PlayWM: https://github.com/wyderkat/playwm
- Qtile: http://www.qtile.org/
- Ubungozi: http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/
- I-Sawfish: https://sawfish.fandom.com/wiki/Main_Page
- Isikhangeli: https://github.com/conformal/spectrwm
- Umphungahttps: //github.com/ValveSoftware/SteamOS/wiki/steamcompmgr
- IstumpWM: https://stumpwm.github.io/
- Ushukela: https://sugarlabs.org/
- I-SwayWM: https://swaywm.org/
- I-TWM: https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.6/doc/man/man1/twm.1.xhtml
- EkugqibeleniWM: http://udeproject.sourceforge.net/
- VTWMhttp://www.vtwm.org/
- Indlela: https://wayland.freedesktop.org/
- Wingo: https://github.com/BurntSushi/wingo
- WM2: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wm2/
- I-WMFS: https://github.com/xorg62/wmfs
- WMX: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wmx/
- Umenzi wewindows: https://www.windowmaker.org/
- IfestileLebhuhttps: //github.com/nickgravgaard/windowlab
- Xmonad: https://xmonad.org/

Isiphelo
Siyathemba ukuba oku "Uncedo oluncinci" malunga «Gestores de Ventanas», esele isetyenzisiwe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwe «Entorno de Escritorio»Oko kukuthi, ukuxhomekeka okanye ukuzimela kwenye yezi, kunomdla omkhulu kunye nokusebenziseka, kuko konke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kunye negalelo elikhulu ekusasazekeni kwendalo emangalisayo, enkulu kunye nokukhulayo kwezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».
Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, sukuhlala ungathandabuzi ukutyelela nayiphi na Ilayibrari ekwi-Intanethi njengaye VulaLibra y IJedIT ukufunda Iincwadi (iiPDF) kwesi sihloko okanye abanye iinkalo zolwazi. Okwangoku, ukuba uyithandile le «publicación», Sukuyeka ukwabelana ngayo nabanye, kwi Iiwebhusayithi ozithandayo, amajelo, amaqela, okanye uluntu zonxibelelwano zentlalo, ngokukhethekileyo zisimahla kwaye zivulekile njenge IMododon, okanye ukhuselekile kwaye uyimfihlo ngathi yocingo.
Okanye tyelela nje iphepha lasekhaya apha UkusukaLinux okanye ujoyine iShaneli esemthethweni Umnxeba ovela kwiDesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvota oku okanye ezinye iimpapasho ezinomdla «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» kunye nezinye izihloko ezinxulumene «Informática y la Computación»kunye «Actualidad tecnológica».