Kulabo abangayazi iCanonical le yinkampani esekwe e-United Kingdom, eyasekwa yaxhaswa ngezimali nguMark Shuttleworth onemvelaphi yoMzantsi Afrika. Inkampani inoxanduva lokuphuhlisa isoftware yeekhompyuter kunye neenkonzo zentengiso ezijolise kuyo Ubuntu, Inkqubo yokusebenza IGnu / iLinux kunye nezicelo ezisekwe kwisoftware yasimahla.
Kwimeko yeGRUB okanye GRAND Unified BootloaderSingatsho ukuba isetyenziselwa ukuqala enye okanye ezingakumbi iinkqubo zekhompyuter efanayo, yinto eyaziwa ngokuba ngumphathi webhuthi, umthombo ovulekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
Ngoku, siza kuthetha ngefayile ye- Ukuba semngciphekweni kosuku lweZero kwiGRUB2. Oku kwafunyanwa okokuqala ngu-Ismael Ripoll kunye noHector Marco, abaphuhlisi ababini abavela kwiDyunivesithi yaseValencia eSpain. Ngokusisiseko kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwesitshixo sokucima, xa ubumbeko lokumiliselwa luphunyezwa ngokhuseleko lwegama eligqithisiweyo. Kukusetyenziswa ngokungachanekanga kwendibaniselwano yebhodi yezitshixo, apho ucofa khona naliphi na iqhosha elinokugqithisa ukungena kwephasiwedi. Le ngxaki ibekwe ngaphakathi kwiiphakheji phezulu kwaye ngokucacileyo benza ukuba ulwazi olugcinwe kwikhompyuter lusengozini kakhulu.
Kwimeko Ubuntu, iinguqulelo ezininzi zibonisa oku kusilela, njengonikezelo oluninzi olusekwe kuyo.
Phakathi kweenguqu ezichaphazelekayo Ubuntu esinazo:
- Ubuntu 15.10
- Ubuntu 15.04
- Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
- Ubuntu 12.04 LTS
Ingxaki inokulungiswa ngokuhlaziya inkqubo kwiinguqulelo zezi phakheji zilandelayo:
- Ubuntu 15.10: grub2-eqhelekileyo a 2.02 ~ beta2-29ubuntu
- Ubuntu 15.04: grub2-eqhelekileyo a 2.02 ~ beta2-22ubuntu
- Ubuntu 14.04 LTS: grub2-eqhelekileyo a 2.02 ~ beta2-9ubuntu
- Ubuntu 12.04 LTS: grub2-eqhelekileyo a 1.99-21ubuntu3.19
Emva kohlaziyo, kufuneka uqalise ikhompyuter ukwenza lonke utshintsho olufanelekileyo.
Khumbula ukuba obu bungozi bunokusetyenziselwa ukugqithisa iphasiwedi ye-GRUB, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze uhlaziyo ukuze uzigcine ukhuselekile.
Ngokungafaniyo neWindows kunye ne-OS x apho ezi mpazamo zilungiswa khona kumcimbi weminyaka [http://www.cnnexpansion.com/tecnologia/2015/02/12/Microsoft-corrige-falla-critica-en-windows-15-anos -emva koko), ukuba semngciphekweni kwi-GNU / Linux kulungiswa kwimizuzu nje okanye iiyure (bayilungisa xa befumanisa ukuba sesichengeni)
Kubonakala ngathi khange ufunde nditsho nekhonkco lakho.
Umngcipheko wawukho kangangeminyaka eli-15, kodwa wafunyanwa kunyaka-1 odlulileyo
Kwi-Linux kuye kwakho nobungozi obufihliweyo amashumi eminyaka, nangona ukushumayela kuqinisekisile ukuba ubungozi bufunyenwe ngokukhawuleza okanye kwangoko kuba umthombo uvulekile.
Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingxelo yokuba semngciphekweni kuxelwe, iMicrosoft yaqala ukusebenza kwisisombululo esasicotha ukuphuma ngenxa yokuntsonkotha kwesisombululo esikhuselekileyo nesisebenzayo kunye novavanyo, kwaye kwakungekho kungxamiseka njengoko kwakungaziwa ngabahlaseli.
Into elungiswe ngokukhawuleza kuthetha kuphela ukuba ukwenza isiciko bekungekho nzima okanye akukho QA isetyenziswayo xa kukhutshwa naluphi na utshintsho lwekhowudi, akukho nto iyenye.
Kodwa i-canonical ayifumananga nantoni na .. .. Ichaphazela nje i-distros yazo enye into
Intoni?
Nceda ulungise eso sihloko kuba bubuxoki obukhulu… buxoki kwinyani yeendaba kwaye buxoki kumxholo wenqaku…
Kufunyenwe ubungozi kwiGRUB, kodwa iCanonical ayinanto yakwenza nayo. Obu bungozi buchaphazela nayiphi na into efana nokusasazwa kweLinux, hayi Ubuntu kuphela.
Ukuthetha ngasemva, ubungozi obunjalo abuyongozi, kuba ukusebenzisa igama eligqithisiweyo kwiGRUB kukhuselekile njengokusebenzisa iphasiwedi kwi-BIOS. Ukuba umsebenzisi ufuna ukhuseleko, kuyacaca ukuba uya kuba negama eligqithisiweyo lomsebenzisi kunye ne-disk encryption (kwimeko apho umhlaseli enokufikelela kwisixhobo).
Oku akuyi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-anecdote.
Phendula nge quote
Ayikho lula le nto ufuna ukuyikholelwa.
Apha bacacisa kancinci ukuba kutheni iphasiwedi ibalulekile kwi-GRUB kwaye ayisombululi ngamagama okugqitha omsebenzisi okanye ngokufihla izinto.
https://blog.desdelinux.net/como-proteger-grub-con-una-contrasena-linux/
Ngokuqinisekileyo.
Nanini na xa kukho into eyenzekayo kwiLinux, ngokukhawuleza ihliswa kuqala ize ilityalwe.
PD: ¿han endurecido la censura en desdelinux que ya los comentarios no salen al enviar?.
Intoni?. Ufundile ungeno lokuba iikowuti zakho ... azithethi kwanto malunga nokubethelwa kwediski okanye iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi, ichaza kuphela ukuba yeyantoni kunye nendlela esetyenziswa ngayo iphasiwedi kwiGRUB2 ... Ikwaqinisekisa ukuba kufuneka ube nokufikelela kwisixhobo ukuphula ukhuseleko yeqela (zininzi ezinye iindlela ezisebenza ngakumbi kune-GRUB ...)
Nokuba ungafikelela phi njengomlawuli ngeGRUB, ukuba uneemvume zesahlulelo, izitshixo zomsebenzisi kunye ne-LUKS encryption esekwe kakuhle (phakathi kwezinye izinto), abayi kuyifumana idatha yakho (ukuba banokufikelela kwisixhobo sakho kunjalo).
Ke ngoko, andikaboni ngqondo kuyo. (Ngaphandle kokuba uthembela kuphela igama eligqithisiweyo le-GRUB ukukhusela idatha yakho).
Ngempendulo yakho entsha, uyangqina ukuba awuyiboni intsingiselo yengxaki kuba uhlala ulula kwaye awukwazi nokucinga amathuba alula kuloo msantsa.
Ewe ndiyifundile, kodwa ndiyayiqonda.
Okanye mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba ndiyazibona iimpembelelo kunye nomda wokuvula nasiphi na isikhewu.
Umsantsa ongafanelanga ukubakho, umsantsa kwindlela yokhuseleko eyayikho ngenxa yento ethile.
Ukuba ufunda ikhonkco uya kufumanisa ukuba njengoko oku kungena kokukhuseleka kunokwehla, kunokwenzeka ukufikelela kwinkqubo njengengcambu, kunye negama lakho lokugqitha elingasasebenziyo. Kwaye ukuba unento oyaziyo malunga nokuhlomla ngayo, akufuneki ndikuchazele ukuba xa ungena njengengcambu kuya kuba lula ukujonga okanye ukuhlela i-password hashes, ukuhlela abasebenzisi, ukuguqula inkqubo ukuba ilayishe okanye ithathe indawo yeenkqubo ezibeka iliso kuyo yonke imisebenzi yomsebenzisi xa iqinisekisiwe. ezinokuhamba ekuthatheni iipaswedi zazo ukuya ekuthatheni idatha yazo efihliweyo nokuthumela konke oko "ekhaya"; phakathi kwamawaka ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka kumhlaseli onolwazi oluninzi kunabantu abafana nawe abahlala kumaqamza wokungakhathali, ukhuseleko lobuxoki kwaye "ngekhe baphumelele ukuba umise kakuhle bla bla bla."
Kungenxa yokuba awukwazi ukucinga ngezinto akuthethi ukuba awukwazi ukwenza izinto.
Kwaye akunamsebenzi ukuba zininzi iindlela "ezisebenza ngakumbi", ingxaki kukuba ngoku kukho enye indlela, ekungafuneki ukuba ibekho ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni.
Kwaye yeyona ndlela ifikelelekayo kwaye kulula, ikalwe ngabantu abavavanya ukuba semngciphekweni.
Awusadingi ii-Livecds, ii-USB, ukuvula i-BIOS, iibhokisi ezivulekileyo, susa ii-hard drive, ubeke ii-drive zangaphandle, njl. yima nje phambi kwebhodibhodi kwaye ucofe iqhosha elinye.
Kwaye ungakhathazeki, ukuba ngomso xa iindaba zisithi ii-LUKS zakho ezinkulu namhlanje zinobungozi, abantu abanjengawe baya kuphuma bathi "umntu waseScotman onyanisekileyo" akayithembi i-disk encryption kodwa ezinye izinto (njengeGRUB nkqu) .
Kunjalo …. rhoqo isihloko: "I-Canonical ifumanisa ukuba semngciphekweni kwi-GRUB2." Kwaye yeyiphi indlela yokubhala iindaba. Ngezi ndaba ekugqibeleni kuya kubonakala ngathi iCanonical / Ubuntu kuphela kwabo benza izinto zesoftware yasimahla. Iphakheji igcinwa yi-colin watson ye-Debian, kwaye ngelishwa iyilayishe ku-Ubuntu, njengoko kubonisiwe kuhlobo lwepakeji. Kwaye akukho ngcaciso malunga nokuba umngcipheko ubangelwa njani, oko kukuthi, ngokucinezela iqhosha elingasemva lamaxesha angama-28.
Ukubulisa
Into eyoyikekayo kum kukuba kuyatshiwo, kwaye ngendlela ephindaphindiweyo, ukuba sesichengeni kungenxa yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwekhibhodi. Oko kuvakala njalo: "babambe i-iPhone ayilunganga."
Hayi, ukuba semngciphekweni kubangelwa ziinkqubo ezimbi, njengesiqhelo, ixesha. Akunakuxolelwa ukuba ucofe amaX amaxesha isitshixo sitsibe ukungena ngemvume kwezokhuseleko.
Uthini umxholo, baya kuthi ngelixa i-grub iqale i-bug ifunyenwe icinezela u "e", ndizamile kwi-linux mint kwaye akukho nto yenzekayo kubuntu.
I-PS: Kuqala kufuneka bangene endlwini yam ukuze basebenzise elo liso lokuba sesichengeni kuqala xa bekhupha i-mint kwaye bafake ubuntu.
Upelo lwakho lushiya lukhulu ukuba lunqweneleke
Ukuba semngciphekweni kwendawo kukusilela emva kwayo yonke loo nto.
Kwiindawo zokusebenzela, iinkampani kunye nezinye iindawo ezibucayi azizukuhlekiswa ukuba nobungozi kwaye ngakumbi zisebenzisa "i-linux ekhuselekileyo". Kodwa ndidlala kakuhle kuba abangeni endlwini yakho.
U-e naye ngumngcipheko ekufuneka uvaliwe. Andazi ukuba ubusazi na.
Hahaha Paco22, ubukhusela njani obu bungozi ...
Ndikholelwe ukuba kwinkampani enzulu kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokukhusela a) ukufikelela kwisixhobo esibonakalayo b) ukukhusela ukufikelela kwidatha.
Kwaye ukuba umdla wakho useyi-GRUB, kulula ukuyivimba ukuze ungafikeleli kuyo ...
@Hugo
Akungombuzo ukuba "umntu waseScotman oyinyaniso" angasebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo zokhuselo, kodwa ukuba le yenye yezo protocols kwaye NGOKUYASILELA, ixesha. Kwaye ngelishwa, ukusilela kunokubeka esichengeni okuseleyo, njengaleyo uyithethileyo ufunga ukuba sisiqinisekiso esikhulu.
Obu bungozi abudingi ukuba ndibukhusele, kuba kwafunyanwa kwaye kwaqeqeshwa ziingcali ezaziyo malunga nokhuseleko kunye nokuhla kwe-wannabes bayaqonda ukuba banolwazi oluninzi ngokusebenzisa i-distro ayisebenzi.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba kuyabenzakalisa ukuba kancinci kancinci loo ntsomi ye "linux ekhuselekileyo" iyaqhekeka, nkqu ngokucofa isitshixo esinye.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, azitshintshi, zihlala zifana ukunciphisa iziphene ze-superlinux.
umntu akahlali ku-Ubuntu kuphela