IVulkan 1.0: i-API yeqonga lomnqamlezo wokusebenza kwemizobo ephezulu

El Ngomhla we-16 kuFebruwari walo nyaka Iqela leKhronos Intengiso ukukhutshwa kweVulkan 1.0 (ekubeni umhla wokuqaliswa ocwangcisiweyo ekupheleni kwe-20015 awukwazanga ukufezekiswa), emva kweminyaka emibini yomsebenzi onzima ekugqibeleni ulungele ukuphuma kwihlabathi. Umdlalo wokuqala nge Injini yeVulkan ikwanjalo iyafumaneka kwi-beta yoluntu ukususela nge-16/02/16, nangona kunjalo i Imeko yeLinux ayithandeki kwaphela kubasebenzisi bokugqibela kunye nabadlali njengoko uninzi lwabathengisi lusekho ukufumanisa ukuba baya kunceda ngenkxaso yeLinux kwiWindows. Ukungahoyi lo mahluko wenkqubo yokusebenza, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba izinto ozilindeleyo ziyinyani ngaphambi kokuzama i umdlalo omtsha we-vulkan ngelixa unika abaphuhlisi ixesha lokufunda kunye nokuyila le API yemizobo emitsha.

IVulkan 1.0

mlilo yimpendulo ye Iqela leKhronos for IMicrosoft DirectX 12, iApple's Metal kunye ne-AMD Mantle API endala ukunikeza ukusebenza kwemizobo ephezulu. Baqale babhekisa kule AP njenge "inyathelo le-OpenGL lesizukulwana esilandelayo", kodwa yakuba iqanjwe igama elithi Vulkan, isihloko sangaphambili sahlala sikwixesha elidlulileyo. IVulkan ithathwe kwaye yakhiwa ngokusekwe kubuchwephesha be-ADM Mantle. eyiphi yanikelwa yi-AMD ngenjongo yokunika uKhronos isiseko apho qala ukuphuhlisa i-API abanokuthi bayenze emgangathweni kulo lonke ishishini (njenge-OpenGL), kodwa mlilo iye yavela kakhulu ngakumbi, sele Ayibotshelelwanga kuyilo lwehardware ye-AMD ye-GNC kwaye iyakwazi ukulingana zonke iimeko zokusetyenziswa Zonke izinto eziphilayo, i-API iye yavela kakhulu emva kokuphononongwa ngamaqela amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Umongameli waseKhronos, UNeil Trevett, yakwenza kwacaca ukuba mlilo es kakhulu kunendlela eyahlukileyo kwiMantle.

Entre Iinjongo zeVulkan uyayila izicelo ezinemizobo ye-3D ngexesha lokwenyani, njengaye imidlalo kunye nemidiya edibeneyo kuwo onke amaqonga, ngokufanayo, kujongwe ukubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo yeenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye APIs, ukunikela Umphezulu osezantsi, ulawulo oluthe ngqo ngaphezulu kwe-GPU, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu ngokusetyenziswa okuphantsi kwe-CPU, ukukwazi umsebenzi wokusasaza ngcono phakathi kwe-CPU cores ezininzi. Ikwabonakala ngokuba a I-Cross-platform API exhaswa ngamakhadi emizobo aphezulu y Yi-OS agnostic ukuphucula ukuphatheka kwezicelo ezenziwe kusetyenziswa le API.

IVulkan 1.0 Yenzelwe ukulungelelanisa iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe i-smartphone, i-desktop kunye ne-consoles, ngoku yi I-API enobuchule bokuthunga okuninzi, ngentloko esezantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nabaqhubi be-OpenGL kwaye yintoni exhasayo izithunzi eziqulunqwe kwangaphambili nge-SPIR-V. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-APIs ezizezinye, I-Vulkan yi-cross-platform kunye nomgangatho weshishini lokwenyani. Okwangoku ikhona Vulkan SDK ifumaneka Android, Linux kunye neWindows, nangona zisekwisigaba se-beta, AMD kunye neNvidia yazisa oko inkxaso Vulkan. IVulkan 1.0 ayisiyiyo inguqulelo yokugqibela, uhlaziyo lwexesha elizayo luya kuza, kunjalo nje, xa i iqela elisebenzayo lifumene ingxelo evela kwabanye abaphuhlisi.

¿Kwaye kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwi-OpenGL?

Ngexesha IVulkan 1.0 iphambili kwi khathalela imizobo ephezulu, I-OpenGL ayilahlwa liQela leKhronos, abaphuhlisi abaphethe le projekthi baya kuhlala kwaye kufuneka bavele. Vulkan hayi kuyimfuneko ngokungqongqo kuyo yonke imidlalo kunye nabaphuhlisi beapp, oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwindlela oyikhathalele ngayo ukusebenza, ukuba ufuna uncedo oluvela kwikhadi lemizobo, ukuba ukhangele i-API efikeleleke ngakumbi, ukuba umsebenzi wakho awukwazi ukulinganisa, njl.

Kukwathethwa ngako inkxaso yokongeza I-SPIR-V ye-OpenGL kunye nolunye uphuculo kulo mphambili. Nangona kunjalo i Iqela leKhronos khange ibhengeze ngokusesikweni iinkcukacha ezintsha okanye uhlaziyo lwe I-OpenGL, kodwa ngumbandela wokunikela ingqalelo kwiinyanga ezizayo.

Enye ye Izandiso ze-OpenGL (engekho semthethweni) evezwe ngu Umqhubi weNVIDIA nguGL_NV_draw_vulkan_image. Olu lwandiso lubonelela DrawVkImageNV ukukwazi ukuzoba uxande oluvumela ukuboniswa konke okanye imixholo ye VkImage kwiVulkan ngendlela enamacala amabini. Olu lwandiso luya kubonelela imisebenzi yokuzoba ungqamaniso phakathi kweVulkan kunye ne-OpenGL, ngokusisiseko ulwandiso luya kubonelela ngendlela umxholo wangoku de Vulkan dNdifaka umxholo I-OpenGL.

Imidlalo kunye neVulkan

NgoFebruwari 16 wokugqibela I-Croteam iqalise iTalos Principle, ilayishwe kwi Iqonga lomphunga usebenzisa i Injini yeVulkan. Ngelishwa uguqulelo yale game for I-Linux ayikafumaneki kuluntu, kodwa kungekudala kuya kwenzeka

El lag Kungenxa yokuba khangela abaqhubi bokuhambelana. Ezi Vulkan 1.0 abaqhubi iya kuba ikhutshwe kungekudala kuba siyazi ukuba I-beta yeWindows iyafumaneka kwiSteam. Ukusuka kwiValve, kukwalindeleke ukuba I-Dota2 hlala ulungile ikhona Ngenkxaso mlilo, ngokunjalo neminye imidlalo iya kuvela kwixesha elizayo.

UMichael Larabel, umbhali weforam Phoronix igqabaze ngelithi “njengomphuhlisi womdlalo owaba nenxaxheba kwangethuba mlilo wayelunyukisiwe hayi zenzisa lindela ummangaliso kunye nokusebenza kweVulkan yokudlala”. Oku kungenxa yokuba IVulkan API ibonelela ngamathuba amaninzi okusebenza ngcono kunye nokwandisa ngakumbi, imidlalo kunye neenjini zabo zilungiselelwe iDirectX 11 kunye ne-OpenGL.. Ayizukubakho de kuvele imidlalo emitsha okanye iinjini ezihlaziyiweyo zijikeleze mlilo ukuba kuya kubakho a ukusebenza ngcono kwi-OpenGL/DX11. Kungenxa yoko le nto i midlalo iyafumaneka ngoku mlilo inokuba zicotha kunezo zikhoyo kwiprosesa ye-OpenGL, oku ngelixa usebenza kwiibhugi ezahlukeneyo kwimidlalo kunye nabaqhubi.

Nangona kunjalo abaphuhlisi yemidlalo yimincili ne amathuba anikezelwa nguVulkan, les kuya kuthatha ixesha lo nto guqula ngokupheleleyo. Imeko efana nale yenzeka xa Ukulawula3D 11 khululwa kwaye ndaqala Ukuxhasa imidlalo, ixesha elithile kamva imidlalo yaqala ukubaleka ngokukhawuleza kunakwi-Direct3D 9.