ILatex, ukubhala neklasi (icandelo 2)

Siyaqhubeka kunye nokuhanjiswa LaTeX, eyona nkqubo ukwakhiwa kweetekisi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ukuhanjiswa, abapapashi kunye neephakeji Oko imfuno ukusebenza neLaTeX.

I-LaTeX ngummangaliso wekhompyuter, isenokungabi yinkqubo efunekayo kubo bonke abasebenzisi bekhompyuter, kodwa nabani na ogqiba kwelokuba angene ekusebenziseni akazukudana. Ukuba wena, mfundi othandekayo, uphoswe yinxalenye yokuqala, ndiyakumema ukuba ujonge ngaphambi kokuba uqale ufunde olu xwebhu.

Kumsitho kuya kufuneka ukuba sibe nobuchwephesha ngakumbi, kodwa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba yonke into iya kuzama ukuphathwa ngeyona ndlela ikhululekileyo. Makhe siqale.

Unikezelo? Ngaba yile nto ndiyicingayo?

Ukuba ungumsebenzisi we-GNU / Linux (ngokunokwenzeka ukuba ufunda le Bhlog) uyazi ukuba "kwihlabathi" lethu sinentsingiselo ekhethekileyo kulwabiwo lwamagama. Ewe, izinto zihamba ngendlela efanayo.

Uyakhumbula ukuba kwisavenge sokugqibela sathi iLaTeX yayiluseto lweeMacro zeTeX. Ewe, i-LaTeX ayisiyiyo kuphela; Kukho ezinye iiphakheji ezinkulu ezifana neConTeXt, XeTeX, LuaTeX, AMSTeX, teTeX, phakathi kwabanye, abazalwa ngelo xesha benenjongo efanayo neLaTeX kuphela yimibutho eyahlukeneyo nabantu. Kuzo zonke iintliziyo ze-TeX zibetha zomelele kwaye akukho namnye ophikisana nesihloko esithi "ungcono" (Abasebenzisi be-GNU / Linux bayaqaphela). Ngapha koko zonke zibalasele kwaye ziyancedisana. Yintoni engahambi ngaphandle kokutsho, yiyo yonke loo nto, esetyenziswa kakhulu yiLaTeX.

Ngoku iLaTeX iye yafumana iinguqulelo okanye ulwabiwo olunenjongo yayo yokuqala yayikukuxhaswa kumaqonga athile kunye nokunceda kwimicimbi yolawulo lwepakeji: TeX Live ye-GNU / Linux, MiKTeX yeWindows, MacTeX (qikelela ukuba ngubani) ), njl. Kodwa namhlanje ungafaka i-TeX Live kwiWindows nakwiMiKTeX kwi-GNU / Linux.

Ngeenjongo ngokubanzi siza kufaka iTeX Live kwi-linux distro yethu (qaphela ukuba ukhuphelo lunokuthatha ixesha elide kuba iya kuba ngamakhulu e-megabytes ayimfuneko).

Ukufakwa ku-Ubuntu nakwiziphumo

Sudo apt-fumana ukufaka i-texlive

(yinguqulelo ehambelana)

ó

Sudo apt-fumana ukufaka i-texlive-full

(ukuba nayo yonke iiphakheji exhaswa luluntu lwaseTeX Live)

Ukufakwa kwiFedora

yum faka i-texlive

ukuba igophe Ndicebisa ukujonga eli phepha lilandelayo:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/TeX_Live

ukuba otras ulwabiwo ndiyathemba ukuba umsebenzisi uyalufumana ulwazi kwi-Wiki ye-distro yabo. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ngokufaka nje umhleli, iTeX Live ikhutshelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ifakwe.

Iipakeji

I-LaTeX yinkqubo yemodyuli, eyenza ukuba isebenze kakuhle (ewe, into efanayo naleyo yenzeka kwi-GNU / Linux yethu) kwaye ayothusi into yokuba iTeX kunye neLaTeX bazalelwa kwiindawo zeUnix. Iipakeji ziiseti zemiyalelo esekwe kwangaphambili yokuququzelela imisebenzi ethile (enjengokwenza iigrafiki) kunye nokunika amanqaku awodwa kuxwebhu (izitayile), Oko kukuthi, ukunika iLaTeX amandla amakhulu kunye nobubanzi. Xa unikezelo olunqwenelekayo lufakiwe, inani elifanelekileyo leephakeji sele likho (ngokuthe ngqo ngezi unokwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi osisiseko). Nangona kunjalo, inani leephakeji ezinokufikeleleka kwi-Intanethi liyamangalisa (amawaka kunye namawaka, zonke zisimahla).

Kungekudala siza kubona ukuba ngumntu osebenzayo ogqiba ukuba zeziphi iipakeji "zokucela" ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo embalwa elula, kwaye nangona ekuqaleni lo mbandela udidekile, kungekudala yonke into iqala ukuba "yendalo".

Kwaye ndibhala ntoni?

Umcimbi wokuba abanye ubuthathaka ngakumbi ufika. Umhleli weLaTeX okhethiweyo uya kuba yimela yomkhosi waseSwitzerland yomsebenzisi we-texist, aya kuthi asebenzisane nayo ngelixa esenza uninzi lweLaTeX.

Zininzi, kwaye enyanisweni, ukuhlela ifayile yeLaTeX yinto enokwenziwa nangawuphi na umhleli wombhalo ocacileyo. Kodwa sibiza abahleli kuphela ngabo babonelela ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokwenza yonke into eyimfuneko ngokusasazwa kweLaTeX.

Ngokubanzi iimpawu zabahleli ziyafana. Ziyahluka ngokusisiseko kwinqanaba lokunceda umsebenzisi, oko kukuthi, banceda kangakanani ikhowudi, iisimboli kunye nabanye. Nazi ezinye:

I-Texmaker (http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/)

Yeyona nto ndiyithandayo. Ngoba? Igqibelele kakhulu, inendawo ecocekileyo nenobuhlobo, ineewizard kwaye iyigqibezela ngokuzenzekelayo imiyalelo, iyaqwalaseleka ngokulula kwaye inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso.

Kile (http://kile.sourceforge.net/)

Ukuba okusingqongileyo kuyi KDE unganomdla kwi Kile. Ilula kwaye igqibelele. Inenani elikhulu labasebenzisi abonwabileyo.

LaTeXila (http://projects.gnome.org/latexila/)
Indawo yokusebenzela yeLaTeX kodwa yenzelwe ukudibanisa neGnome. Ilula kwaye igqibelele.

TeXworks (http://www.tug.org/texworks/)
Inamandla kakhulu kodwa ayisebenziseki lula. Iphuhliswe yi-TUG (Iqela labasebenzisi be-TeX, umbutho ophambili kuphuhliso lweTeX).

Gummi (http://dev.midnightcoding.org/projects/gummi)
Umhleli olula ofanele ukuqwalaselwa. Ayinamandla amakhulu kodwa inenqaku elinomdla: isiphumo sento ehleliweyo sinokubonwa ngexesha kwi-pdf kwiwindow esecaleni.

TeXstudio (http://texstudio.sourceforge.net/)
Ingumhleli osekwe kwiTeXmaker kwaye yonke imihla ifumana abalandeli abaninzi. Ungumenzi weTeXmaker kwii-steroids.

I-LyX (http://www.lyx.org/WebEs.Home)

Ukuba usenamathandabuzo malunga nokuzama kweLaTeX ngenxa yoloyiko kwikhowudi, iLyX sisisombululo. Ifilosofi yayo kukuba ngumhleli weWYSIWYM (lumka, ayisiyi-WYSIWYG) kwaye ke inobuhlobo kakhulu kwinqanaba lokugcina ikhowudi, ikhulula umsebenzisi kolo xanduva. Fumana abalandeli ngokukhawuleza njengoko ukukhula kwakho kukhula. Inamandla kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Uninzi lwabahleli abadweliswe apha ngasentla bakwisiseko sezona zixhobo zaziwayo.
Ngeenjongo zesi sikhokelo siza kusebenzisa iTeXmaker kunye neLyX.
Sizifaka njani? Ewe, kwiziko lesoftware ye-distro ekuthethwa ngayo, okanye ukuba akunjalo, kwiphepha elisemthethweni elifanelekileyo uya kuyifumana imiyalelo.

Ifayile yeLaTeX ijongeka kanjani?

Ixesha lokuqalisa umsebenzi liyasondela, kwaye ngaphambi kokuthatha inyathelo lokuqala kufuneka sazi ukuba siza kufumana ntoni. Sele sithethile into ebaluleke kakhulu: siya kufumana ikhowudi (ngaphandle kokuba uthatha isigqibo sokuya kwicala laseLyX).

Amandla ekhowudi sisiseko seLaTeX (ikwayinto entle ukusebenza kunye nemiyalelo) kwaye ke okokuqala ukubonwa kwethu kuya kuba koku kulandelayo: Uxwebhu lweLaTeX yifayile yokubhaliweyo ecacileyo (.tex) eyahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini ahluke kakuhle; intshayelelo nomzimba woxwebhu. Kwintshayelelo siza kunika izikhombisi ezisisiseko zoxwebhu (uhlobo, isihloko, umbhali, iipakeji eziyimfuneko, njl.njl.). Umzimba uqulethe uxwebhu ngokwalo kunye neenkcukacha ezisisiseko ngobume balo.

Ukucaca ngakumbi (kwaye ungahlali kangako kwesi sitolimende) Ndikucebisa ukuba ujonge olu xwebhu lulandelayo ngolwazi olufanelekileyo ngokoluvo lwam likuvumela ukuba uqonde into esiza kujongana nayo:
http://thales.cica.es/files/glinex/practicas-glinex05/manuales/latex/Cap2.pdf

Kwixesha elizayo siya kucacisa zonke ezi zinto.

Uxwebhu lwam lokuqala, "linyathelo elincinci lomntu ..."

Ewe, ixesha lifikile kwaye liza kuvelisa ukungathandabuzeki, siya kushiya kwisithuba sesithathu. Njengalo naluphi na ulwimi lweLaTeX, iphatha isimboli sayo esingafanele kuthathwa kancinci. Ekupheleni kwesavenge esilandelayo, ndiyathembisa ukuba siza kuba neziphumo zethu zokuqala zekhonkrithi kwiLaTeX kwaye, ukuba kuyenzeka njengoko ndinethemba, naluphi na uloyiko olunokuthi luqhubeke luza kushiyeka, luyehliselwa kumandla kunye nobuhle ngokuqinisekileyo, mfundi othandekayo, andizange ndicinge ngaphambili.
Kude ibe lilixa elizayo.

<< Yiya kwinxalenye yangaphambili  Yiya kwinxalenye elandelayo >>