I-10 ephezulu: Ukuhanjiswa kweLinux ka-2015

Ukuqala le-2016, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba ibaluleke kangakanani i-2015 kuluntu lweLinux kunye noMhlaba oVulekileyo woMthombo.

Ngeli thuba singathanda ukukhankanya ezona zisasazi zeLinux zisishiye ngo-2015.

Qalisa i-10 ephezulu!

Ukusasazwa kwekhompyuter kwilifu: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS

Olunye usasazo olwaziwayo, uninzi lwabathandi beLinux luqala ngalo, lusebenzisa iinjongo ezininzi kwaye luqwalaselwe njengomgangatho namhlanje. Isekwe kwi-Debian kwaye iyakwazi ukuqhuba kolu lwakhiwo lulandelayo:

• x86
• I-AMD64
• I-SPARC
• ARM

Ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwiinkonzo zamafu, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba Ubuntu bucetyiswa nguMicrosoft njengoyena usasazo lweLinux lweMicrosoft Azure. Ubuntu buqhutywa yi Ngama-65% amafu e-OpenStack; Enkosi kwi-Canonical yokuhambisa ukuthunyelwa kweeseva ze-Ubuntu kwi-Openstack ngesixhobo I-AutoPilot. Ukongeza kuseto olubanzi lwezixhobo eziphuhliswe yiCanonical yolawulo lwamafu.

Ukongeza inayo UJuju, ikhathalogu yeenkonzo, ekhawulezayo ukuyifaka, elungiselelwe kwangaphambili kulo naliphi na ilifu elixhaswe ngu-Ubuntu.

Abanye babaxumi abasebenzisa le nkonzo yoBuntu baquka: Sky, Yahoo Japan, Deutsche Telekom, Bloomberg, Lexis Nexis, Samsung, EBay, WalMart, Cisco, Live Person, phakathi kwabanye

Iiseva: I-OpenSuse Leap 42.1

Kuthathelwa ingqalelo eyokuqala Uhanjiso "lomxube", Ngokusekwe kwizibinari Sebenzisa iShishini leLinux (SLE), idibanisa eyona nto iphambili phakathi kokhuseleko kunye nozinzo lweNkampani kunye nobuchule kunye nokuyila koLuntu.

Inkqubo yofakelo lwe-OpenSuse incediswa ngokupheleleyo, yimizobo kwaye inomdla. Ukuvumela ukuqwalasela inkqubo ngeenjongo ezithile kwi-installer yayo, eya kwenza ufakelo kunye noqwalaselo lweephakeji ngokuzenzekelayo.

Kufuneka iqatshelwe ukuba sele inezilungiso kunye nophuculo oluya kubandakanywa kwi-SLE 12 SP1, ukongeza kwinto yokuba uSuse uthe ezinye zezinto eziphuculweyo zeshishini ziya kufikelela kwi-OpenSuse, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nozinzo olulindelweyo kulwabiwo lodidi. ishishini.

Ndiyabulela  YaST (Iziko lolawulo elaziwayo) kunye Amashishini (isixhobo senkcazo yenkqubo, ukuphindaphinda kunye nokufuduka), ukudala kunye nolawulo lweeseva kunokwenziwa ngcono kwaye ngokulula.

Enkosi ngenkululeko nozinzo olunikezelayo I-OpenSuse Leap 42.1Ingcebiso yethu ukuba isetyenziswe kwiiseva.

Imidlalo: SteamOS

Iphuhliswe ngumdlalo wevidiyo omkhulu valve, njengenkqubo yokusebenza yeekhonsoli isekwe kwiDebian. Ikhululekile ngokupheleleyo kwaye iphuhlisiwe (ekuqaleni) yeekhonsoli Oomatshini bomphunga; ukudibanisa phakathi kwezixhobo okanye iikhompyuter zokuzisebenzisa, kunye nezixhobo zomdlalo wevidiyo.

Uyakwazi ukudlala ngamaqonga ahlukeneyo okusasaza kwaye uya kuba nokufikelela kumakhulu emidlalo ehambelana neSteamOS.

Uya kuba nokufikelela kwilayibrari yemidlalo, yasimahla kwaye ihlawulwe. Uqwalaselo olulula lwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezinje nge  Link Steam, evumela ukukhangela nasiphi na isixhobo esisebenzisa iStam kwinethiwekhi yakho, ngale ndlela umdlalo uya kuba Idluliselwa ngekhompyuter kwiTV, kunye nedatha yeaudiyo nevidiyo ngexesha lokwenyani. Akukho nto inzima kwaye kulula ukuyenza ukuba ungumthandi womdlalo wevidiyo.

Kufanelekile ukuba ukhankanye inani elikhulu lemirhumo elenziwe yiValve, ukulungisa kunye nokwenza ngcono i-kernel yeLinux ukuyenza kwiziko lokuzonwabisa elikumgangatho ophezulu.

Kubantwana: iswekile

Ngendawo yayo ephuculweyo Python, kunye nelayisensi ye-GPL isaphuhlisiwe, kwaye, ngokungafaniyo nolunye unikezelo, ayinayo inketho yokwenza izinto ezininzi, ke isebenza kuphela ngomsebenzi omnye ngexesha. Ukuxhasa abantwana abancinci ngemfundo yabo yasesikolweni nakwimfundo yamabanga aphantsi.

Ekuqaleni yenzelwe iprojekthi Enye yeLaptop ngomntwana ngamnye; iikhompyuter zexabiso eliphantsi ezilungiselelwe abantwana kwiindawo ezikude okanye ezinengeniso ephantsi. Iprojekthi ephumelele amabhaso iphunyezwe kumazwe amaninzi kwiLatin America, eAfrika naseAsia.

Isekwe kwi Imisebenzi yeswekile, iseti yemisebenzi ethile yokuxhasa abantwana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokufunda. Imisebenzi inokusetyenziswa kwezinye iikhompyuter kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza ezinje ngeWindows kunye neMac OS X.

Isondela njengenkqubo esetyenzisiweyo  abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-6 neli-12 ubudala. Ayinayo i-desktop xa ikhompyuter iqalile kwaye inemibono emine: Iqela labahlobo, Ubumelwane, Mna kunye neDayari yam. Kukusasazwa okufanelekileyo komntwana ukuba anxibelelane nabo afunda nabo kunye nekhompyuter yokugcina umkhondo kwimisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla.

Ukukhupha ukuRola: IManjaro 15.12

Le distro esekwe kwi-Arch Linux ibonakaliswa ngokulula, ukukhanya kunye nomtsalane kwiliso.

Kufanelekile ukukhumbula igama elithi "rolling release" lisetyenziselwa ezo nkqubo zikwinkqubo eqhubekekayo, ehlaziya kuhlobo lokuqala nanini na xa ifuna njalo, evumela ukuba nelayibrari, usetyenziso kunye nazo zonke iipakeji eziyimfuneko zihlaziyiwe.

Ngenani elikhulu leendawo zedesktop ezifumanekayo kufakelo (ukusuka kwi-KDE, iGnome kunye neXfce ukuya kwezinye ezincinci ezaziwa ngokuba yi-BspWM kunye ne-JWM), ii-codec ezifakwe kwangaphambili zokudlala iifayile zemultimedia kunye neepakethe zenguqulelo zamva nje; kwabo bathanda ukuba neempawu zamva nje kunye nokugcina izixhobo zabo kumda wokopha.

Phakathi kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo ngumzamo ababeki bawo abenze ukudala abancedisi bemizobo phantse kuwo nawuphi na umba wenkqubo, ovumela abasebenzisi abanamava abancinci beLinux ukuba bonwabele ukusasazwa okusekwe kwiArch Linux ngaphandle kohleko (kodwa lokufundisa). kwaye icelomngeni) oko kubandakanya ukuyifaka ngesandla. Enye into engenakuhoywa kukukwazi ukutshintsha i-kernel ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-wizard ye-graphical, encedisa kakhulu ukuvavanywa kweenkozo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngaphandle kokufumana ubunzima bokuyenza le nkqubo ngesandla (kwaye vumela inkqubo ayinakusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo).

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, olu lwabiwo lubonakaliswa ngesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ikhokela uyilo lwayo nayo yonke into ebandakanya ukugcinwa kwayo, kwinkqubo elula kwaye elula yokuziqhelanisa, engathinteli umsebenzisi, ethi yona ikhuthaze ukwenziwa kweenkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuqhubekekayo.

Uyilo: Elementary OS

Yinkqubo emele ukuba uyilo olunomtsalane, eneqonga elilula nelikhawulezayo.

Ulwabiwo lokuqala kukwenza uphando olubanzi malunga ne uyilo lobunjineli. Ukuqonda kunxibelelwano nomsebenzisi ukuba ufezekise njani homogenize izicelo ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukujolisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kwesidingo seencwadana. Ebavumela ukuba bafumane usetyenziso oluyimfuneko ngokujonga iindidi ezilungiselelwe zona. Ikwanayo injini yokukhangela ebalaseleyo evumela ukwenziwa kweodolo, okanye ukujonga, nganye nganye, usetyenziso kwimbonakalo efana negridi, elungelelaniswe ngokwealfabhethi. Zonke ziyilelwe ukukhangela ngobunono into oyifunayo ngendlela elula.

Umzamo otyalwe kolu sasazo unjalo kangangokuba iqela elisemva kwawo lenze ulwimi lwenkqubo Vala, ejolise ekuphuhliseni usetyenziso lweGnome nges syntax efanayo neC # nge i-binary to C ikhowudi yokuhambelana, eyenza ikhawuleze kwaye isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

I-Aesthetically yenye yezona zinto zisasazekayo, kunye neepateni kunye nokuhlangana kweyona Windows okanye isitayile seMac OS, kodwa eyona ilungileyo I-Linux ngasemva kwemiboniso. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyonwabisa ukusebenzisa olu hambo.

Ejolise kwiinkonzo zamafu: Chrome OS

Kukusasazwa okujolise kumava akhawulezayo, alula kwaye akhuselekileyo kwabo basebenzisi ixesha elininzi kwiwebhu.

Kufuneka iqatshelwe ukuba olu lwabiwo luzalwe njengentliziyo yee-Chromebook, iikhompyuter ezinexabiso eliphantsi (ngokuthelekiswa neetafile) eziphuhliswe Uphando. Akukho mathandabuzo malunga nomgangatho wecandelo ngalinye esinikwa leli shishini likhulu lecomputer kwaye iChannel ye-OS ayinjalo.

Kufunyenwe Inikwe amandla yi-Chrome ecosystem, ukuze sikwazi ukufaka zonke iiapps kunye nezandiso ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokulula. Ukongeza, ezinye zeziapps zandisile ukusebenza kweChannel OS. Kukhanya kakhulu, kuyakhawuleza kwaye kulula, ukuze ivumele ukucima ngokukhawuleza, ukugcina imeko yezicelo, kwaye emva koko uqale ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba inike umbono wokuba kuphela isikrini sicinyiwe.

Kufuneka siyiqonde into yokuba amandla ayo asetyenziswa gwenxa kuphela xa ixhumeke kwi-intanethi, nangona kunjalo uninzi lwabasebenzisi alwenzi zinto ziphambili kwiikhompyuter zabo xa bengenalo uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, usetyenziso olusetyenziswa kakhulu lixesha iiphequluli zewebhu kunye neofisi (evumela i-Chrome OS ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kwe-intanethi), ke i-Chrome OS imele ukhetho olufanelekileyo kweli qela labasebenzisi.

Yonke into ebandakanya amaxwebhu, useto kunye nokusetyenziswa kubanjelwe efini, eyenza kube lula ukufumana kunye nokufumana kwakhona nganye kwezi zinto nakwesiphi na isixhobo. Olu luluncedo olunikezelayo ngenxa yomthamo wokugcina, kunye nendawo ekulula kuyo yonke idatha yakho egciniweyo. Izicelo zemveli azisekho kule nkqubo, kwaye, yonke into oyifunayo iya kudlula kwiwebhu kwaye igcinwe kuyo, nawo onke amanyathelo okhuseleko ayimfuneko.

Kukho konke oku kungasentla, i-Chrome OS yinkqubo elungileyo yalo naluphi na uhlobo lwekhompyuter, eshiya ubudlelwane behardware kwixesha elidlulileyo.

Ukungaziwa kunye nemfihlo: Umsila

Inkqubo ebukhoma yeAmnesic Incognito (Imisila), eyilelwe abo bafuna ukungaziwa kunye nemfihlo, Imisila yeyona nkqubo ifanelekileyo yokusebenza kwale misebenzi. Unxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi lwenziwa ngokungaziwa kwaye kusetyenziswa i Inethiwekhi yetor, Ke akukho mkhondo wonxibelelwano ushiyekileyo (i-Incognito), kunye nesixhobo sakho sokugcina kuphela Imemori ye-RAM (Ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi abonise enye into), ecinyiweyo xa ikhompyutha icinyiwe, ke akukho hlobo lwefayile lushiyekileyo emva kokuba isetyenzisiwe (Amnesic). Konele iphathekayo kwaye ixhotyisiwe eya kusetyenziswa nakweyiphi na iPC ngo phila isiqalo ukusuka kwi-USB okanye kolunye uhlobo, kwaye urhoxe ngaphandle komkhondo.

Kukhuseleko olungakumbi, kuye kwanjalo izixhobo zokubhala eziphambili ukugcina yonke into ebandakanya ii-imeyile okanye iifayile zikhuselekile. Ukongeza kubandakanya izixhobo ze ukususwa ngokusisigxina (sula) iifayile kwi-hard drive okanye kwenye indawo yokugcina.

Inebhodi yezitshixo ebizwa ngokuba Florence, ebonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu kuwo onke amagama okugqitha, ukuthintela isidingo sokuwachwetheza kwibhodi yezitshixo. Oku HTTPS Naphi na, ekusalela kwezona webhusayithi zikhuselekileyo nezona zinobungozi. Inokuqwalaselwa kwakhona ukuba isebenzise uthungelwano olusemthethweni I2P (enye indlela eya kwiTor), ebonelela ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokukhangela ngokungaziwa, kunye PW Gen, evelisa kwaye ilawule amagama agqithisiweyo.

Ukuba umnqweno wakho kukusebenzisa ikhompyuter kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ubukhona (kwaye akukho mntu waziyo ukuba ubusenza ntoni), kuya kufuneka usebenzise oluhambisa.

Kumashishini: I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2

Ngokuqinisekileyo a umgangatho kwinqanaba le Ishishini IT. I-Red Hat inikezela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye neemfuno zalo naliphi na ishishini. Inikezela ngeenkonzo zolawulo lwelifu okanye ledatha, JBoss middleware, kunye neqonga leLinux ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.

Ngenkxaso esemgangathweni ekhoyo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, inkqubo yezokhuseleko enikezela iimpazamo ezichanekileyo, isiseko sedatha yeCVE (oMngcipheko oQhelekileyo kunye nokuBhengeza), kunye nezilumkiso zokuba le nkqubo iphosa xa ibona ubuthathaka obukhoyo. Yonke into oyifunayo kwinkampani efuna ukuba nolawulo olucacileyo lweenkqubo zayo zangaphakathi kunye nokukhusela iiasethi zayo ze-IT.

I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) ijolise kwiiseva zeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ukusukela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwekhompyuter, imikhosi yeekhonteyina, iinkqubo zexesha lokwenyani, kunye noqwalaselo olukhethekileyo kulwazi oluthile okanye usetyenziso.

Phakathi kwezixhobo abazinikelayo sinazo Smart ulawulo, evumela ukuhlaziywa okanye ukulawula inkqubo, Isethelayithi ebomvu inoxanduva lokwandisa unxibelelwano kunye nolawulo phakathi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zeRHEL. Ukufumaneka okukhulu, ukumisela ngokukhawuleza iinkonzo ezifuna ukufumaneka okuphezulu kunye nokulinganisela umthwalo kumaqela eseva; kwaye Ukugcina okuQinisekisiweyo apho iinkqubo zeefayile ekwabelwana ngazo zinokusekwa zibonelele ngokungafunekiyo kulungiselelo lwedatha nakwiseva. Zonke ziyilelwe iimeko ezahlukeneyo zeshishini ze-IT.

Ngokuqinisekileyo bayaqhubeka bephambili kunikezelo lwentengiso olujolise kushishino, ukuba yeyona nto ibathandayo abathengi abaninzi ababonelela ngokuziqhelanisa nemimandla eyahlukeneyo yoshishino.

Ukubala ngokwakho: IsolusOS 1.0

Ngaphandle kokuphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni phantse ekupheleni konyaka (nge-27 kaDisemba, 2015),  SolusOS Sisabelo esilawula ngokukhawuleza ukufumana indawo kolu luhlu.

Lulwabiwo yaphuhliswa phantse kwasekuqaleni, kuba ayisekelwanga kwenye. Ukusukela oko yaqalwa, yazalwa inombono wokugcwalisa eso sithuba sasifuneka kulwabiwo lweLinux, indawo esekwe kwiikhompyuter ezinokusetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi ngaphandle kwamava eLinux.

Ukujongwa ngokuchanekileyo ukubala komntul, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iipakeji ezinikezelwe kwimisebenzi yeseva, ngokudityaniswa ngokulula kubaqhubi bezorhwebo, ezilungiselelwe imisebenzi yomsebenzisi kwaye ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwisiphelo somyalelo.

Uyilo lwayo lwalujolise ikakhulu kwimeko-bume yedesktop, esekwe kwi-GTK, ebizwa Budgie. Oku ukuze unikeze umsebenzisi amava angcono. U-Budgie uvavanyiwe waphuculwa ukuqinisekisa a umxholo ophezulu. Imenyu yeBudgie yenzelwe inqanaba lokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwimiboniso yakho, ngombono odibeneyo. Kufanelekile ukukhuphisana neenkqubo zokusebenza zangoku zorhwebo.

Ngeziko lokwenziwa ngokwezifiso, elibizwa ihlungulu, Unako ukulawula ivolumu yesandi, ulawulo lwesidlali semidiya, ukufikelela ngokulula kwikhalenda, nangaphezulu, enkosi ngokufakwa kweeapplet. Unokulawula iiapps kwaye wenze uBudgie ngokwezifiso

Umphathi wephakheji yakho eopkg Ixhasa ukukhangela kwephakheji, ukufakela, uhlaziyo kunye nokususa, kunye nokukhangelwa kwendawo yokugcina izinto kunye nolawulo lokugcina.

Phakathi kwezinye zezicelo ezibandakanyiweyo sifumana:

• Firefox 43.0.2
• Nautilus 3.18.4
• I-Rhythmbox 3.2.1
• Thunderbird 38.5.0
• VLC 2.2.1

Ngokuqinisekileyo ubeko olukhazimlisiweyo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuqwalaselwa kweenkcukacha, ngaphandle kokulahleka kwithagethi, iiPC zekhompyuter. Ekuqaleni ayisebenzisi kwaphela malunga ne-400 MB ye-RAM! Umzobo okhuthazayo ulungile kwaye ugqibezele idesktop yakho.

Kucwangciselwe ukuba ngo-2016 uphuhliso lwe IsolusOS 2.0. Ukuba namanqaku aliqela ekugxilwe kuwo: inkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, izixhobo zokufuduka zabasebenzisi abavela kwiWindows okanye kwi-Mac OS, kunye nolawulo lwe-backup. Ke akukho nto ilahlekileyo yokuba nazo zonke ezi zinto zintsha ziphucukileyo.

Kucetyiswa kakhulu abo basebenzisi abafuna amava amnandi, alula kunye anamandla kwii-PC zabo ze-desktop. Njenge-anecdote yobuqu, ndiyakuxelela ukuba xa usasaza olu nikezelo kubasebenzisi beLinux abangafundanga, izimvo zabo bezikhona Leyo "Windows" intle kakhulu kwaye iyakhawuleza. Ngaba iPC yam iyayixhasa?. Izimvo ezikhuthazayo ngokwenene, njengoko iLinux inegama lokuba nzima ukuyisebenzisa ngabo badibana nayo okokuqala.

Ulinde ntoni ukuqala kulo nyaka ka-2016 ngalo naluphi na ulwabiwo?