Umphathi Wokubonisa: Baphi abaphathi bokungena kwiLinux?

Ngesi sihlandlo, emva kokwenza uphononongo olubanzi lwezona zaziwa kakhulu nezisetyenziswa kakhulu Ubume beDesktop (DE) y Abaphathi be Window (WM), siyakumisa kwenye indawo okanye icandelo le-GNU/Linux abathi abanye abasebenzisi abanomdla badla ngokukhetha, bakhethe kunye/okanye bazenzele kwiiDistros zabo.

Kwaye le nto okanye inxalenye yeLinux ayikho enye ngaphandle kwe "Abaphathi bokuBonisa", okanye njengoko zaziwa ngesiSpanish, phantsi kwamagama ka Abaphathi besikrini sasekhaya y Ngena Abaphathi.

Ngaphambi kokuba singene kulo mbandela, siza kucacisa ngokufutshane ingcamango yento nganye kwezi zi-3 ukwenza yonke into icace.

Iimpawu zeLinux OS

Ubume beDesktop (DE)

"Imeko-bume yeDesktop ayikho enye into ngaphandle kweseti yesoftware eyimfuneko ukunika wonke umsebenzisi weNkqubo yokuSebenza ethile indlela ebonwayo, enobuhlobo kunye nekhululekileyo yokunxibelelana. Oko kukuthi, kukuphunyezwa kwe-Graphical User Interface (GUI) elungiselelwe ukubonelela ukufikelela kunye nezixhobo zokucwangcisa, ezifana nezixhobo zezixhobo kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kwezicelo, kunye nemisebenzi efana nokudonsa nokulahla, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi.". Bona ngakumbi apha.

Abaphathi be Window (WM)

"Liqhekeza lephazili elilawula ukubekwa kunye nokubonakala kweefestile. Kwaye oko kufuna X yeWindows ukusebenza kodwa hayi ukusuka ku Imeko-bume yeDesktop, yefom enyanzelekileyo. Kwaye ngokwe I-ArchLinux esemthethweni yeWiki, kwicandelo layo elizinikezelwe kwi «Abaphathi beWindows«, ezi zihlulwe zibe ziindidi ezi-3, ezi zilandelayo: Ukupakisha, ukuTiling kunye neDynamics". Bona ngakumbi apha.

Abaphathi beSkrini sasekhaya (DM)

"Lujongano lomzobo oluboniswa ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokuqalisa, endaweni yeqokobhe elingagqibekanga. Kukho iindidi ezininzi zabaphathi bomboniso, njengokuba kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabaphathi befestile kunye nemeko-bume yedesktop. Aba baphathi babonelela ngenqanaba elithile lokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye nokufumaneka komxholo ngamnye.". Bona ngakumbi apha.

Umphathi Wokubonisa: Abaphathi bokungena

Abakhoyo Abaphathi bomboniso

Ii-DMs zinokuba zolo hlobo CLI (Console) o I-GUI (iMizobo). Phakathi kwezo zohlobo lwe-CLI sinokuzikhankanya I-CDM y Getty kunye nezinye ezifanayo ezifana URungetty, uFgetty kunye noMingetty. Ngelixa, phakathi kwezona ziyaziwa kwaye zikhethwayo Abaphathi bomboniso Imizobo Singakhankanya oku kulandelayo:

• Umphathi we-GNOME wokuBonisa (GDM): Ichazwe kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni njengenkqubo elawula iiseva zokubonisa imizobo kwaye ibambe ukungena kwabasebenzisi begraphical UKUSUKA kwiGNOME.
• Umphathi Womboniso we KDE (KDM): Yayiyi-DM endala ye UKUSUKA KDE4, eyayisekwe kwi-XDM ngoko ke yabelane ngeenketho zayo ezininzi zoqwalaselo. Uninzi lwezi khetho zichazwe kwi kdmrc.
• Umphathi oMboniso weDesktop olula (SDDM): Yi-DM yangoku ye-X11 kunye ne-Wayland enenjongo yokukhawuleza, elula kwaye enhle. Ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi yi-KDE Plasma, ngakumbi kuba isebenzisa iitekhnoloji zangoku ezifana neQtQuick, ethi yona inike umyili amandla okwenza ujongano lomsebenzisi olugudileyo nolwenziwayo.
• Umphathi wokuBonisa ukukhanya (LightDM) : I-DM elula kakhulu kwaye elula, esebenza njenge-daemon (inkonzo) ekwazi ukusebenza phakathi kwezinto ezininzi, iiseva zokubonisa (umzekelo. X) apho kuyimfuneko kunye nabaphathi bokungena ngemvume ukuze bavumele abasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe ukuba yeyiphi iakhawunti yomsebenzisi kunye nohlobo lweseshoni abaza kulusebenzisa.
• Umphathi wokuNgena olula (SliM): I-DM endala kunye nephelelwe lixesha, kodwa ilula kwaye kulula ukuyiqwalasela, efuna ukuxhomekeka okuncinci, kwaye izimeleyo kwi-Desktop Environments.
• Umphathi we-LX wokuBonisa (LXDM): I-DM elula eyenzelwe i-LXDE, kodwa enokusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo kuyo.

Baninzi abanye, ingakumbi endala, ephelelwe lixesha okanye ayaziwa ngokubanzi okanye eyaziwa njenge: XDM, WDM, MDM, kunye neQingy.

Isiphelo

Siyathemba ukuba oku "Uncedo oluncinci" malunga «Display Managers (DM)» ekhoyo GNU / Linux, ukufunda okungakumbi ngazo nzulu, kanye njengoko besisenza malunga ne Ubume beDesktop (DE) kunye Abaphathi be Window (WM); Inomdla omkhulu kwaye iluncedo kuyo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kunye negalelo elikhulu ekusasazekeni kwendalo emangalisayo, enkulu kunye nokukhulayo kwezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, sukuhlala ungathandabuzi ukutyelela nayiphi na Ilayibrari ekwi-Intanethi njengaye VulaLibra y IJedIT ukufunda Iincwadi (iiPDF) kwesi sihloko okanye abanye iinkalo zolwazi. Okwangoku, ukuba uyithandile le «publicación», Sukuyeka ukwabelana ngayo nabanye, kwi Iiwebhusayithi ozithandayo, amajelo, amaqela, okanye uluntu zonxibelelwano zentlalo, ngokukhethekileyo zisimahla kwaye zivulekile njenge IMododon, okanye ukhuselekile kwaye uyimfihlo ngathi yocingo.