Hlaziya kwaye usebenzise iMX-Linux 19.0 kunye ne-DEBIAN 10.2 emva kokufaka

Kolu papasho siza kuqhubeka nokunikezela nge inkqubo eqhelekileyo for hlaziya kwaye ulungiselele, kuzo zombini I-MX-Linux 19.0 njengaye UDEBHANE 10.2 emva kokufaka, njengoko eyakha yakudala.

Ukwenza oku tutorial sisebenzise i Ifayile ye-ISO Okokugqibela Isifinyezo se-MX-Linux, I-64-bit, yomhla kaDisemba 2019, ebizwa MX-19-Disemba_x64.iso, kodwa nabani na unokuzikhuphelela ezangoku ezifumanekayo apha, kunye Ifayile ye-ISO Okokugqibela Uhlobo oluzinzileyo lwe-DEBIAN, I-64-bit, yeDVD, yomhla kaNovemba 2019, ebizwa I-debian-10.2.0-amd64-iDVD-1.iso, kodwa nabani na unokuzikhuphelela ezangoku ezifumanekayo apha.

Oku kuya kuba kokwethu Isifundo sokuqala sokufaka emva kwe-DEBIAN 10-Buster, okoko eyokugqibela idalwayo yayikwinguqulelo yangaphambili, UDEBHANE 9-Yolula. Zizo, ukuba ufuna ukubonana nazo ngendlela enocwangco, oku kulandelayo:

Amanqaku angaphambili kwi-DEBIAN nakwi-MX-Linux

• Uyenza njani inkqubo yethu ye-GNU / Linux? (Jonga ungeniso)
• Uyenza njani inkqubo yethu ye-GNU / Linux? (Jonga ungeniso)
• Guqula i-GNU / Linux yakho ibe yi-Distro efanelekileyo kuPhuhliso lweSoftware (Jonga ungeniso)
• Guqula i-GNU / Linux yakho ibe kwiMultimedia yeeMultimedia (Jonga ungeniso)
• Guqula i-GNU / Linux yakho ibe ngumgangatho weDistro Gamer (Jonga ungeniso)
• Guqula i-GNU / Linux yakho ibe sisiXokelelwano esiSebenzayo esilungele iMigodi yeDijithali (Jonga ungeniso)

Kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, ufuna ukuphonononga amanqaku angaphambili I-MX-Linux, oku kulandelayo kuyafumaneka:

• I-MX-Linux 17.1: I-Distro yangoku, elula, enamandla kunye nobuhlobo (Jonga ungeniso)
• I-MX-Linux 19 -Beta 1: I-Distrowatch Distro # 1 ihlaziywa (Jonga ungeniso)
• MX Linux 19: Inguqulelo entsha esekwe kwi-DEBIAN 10 ikhutshiwe (Jonga ungeniso)

Ngenxa yala manqaku, kunye nabanye malunga Debian y I-MX-Linux, ngubani othetha malunga nokuba banjani kwaye bazifaka njani? Siza kusuka apha siye ngqo kwi amanyathelo okufakelwa emva, kwezi nguqulelo zintsha zifumanekayo ngonyaka ka-2020.

Amanyathelo okufakwa emva kokufakwa kunye neengcebiso zokuphucula, ukwenza ngokwezifiso nokwandisa i-DEBIAN 10 kunye neMX-Linux 19

Khumbula ukuba iintshukumo kunye neephakeji ezikhuthazwayo apha zokuqhuba kunye nokufaka zezi, msgstr "iipakethe kucetyisiwe", kwaye ihleli kuye ngamnye, ukwenza kunye nokufaka zonke okanye ezinye zazo, kutheni kunjalo eziyimfuneko okanye eziluncedo, kwixesha elifutshane okanye eliphakathi, ukuzazi nokuzisebenzisa, ngokuba sele zibalekile okanye zifakiwe.

Kwaye ugcine ukhumbula ukuba ezi ntshukumo kunye / okanye iipakeji zazikhona kuvavanywe ngaphambili kuzo zombini ii-Distros, kwaye sukucela ukukhupha iipakeji ezifakwe ngokungagqibekanga kwezi. Ukongeza, azonyusi ukusetyenziswa kwememori okanye i-CPU, kuba azilayishi iinkqubo okanye iidemon (iinkonzo) kwimemori ngokungagqibekanga. Ukwazi kwangaphambili ukuba iphakheji nganye isetyenziselwa ntoni, cofa apha.

Uhlaziyo

Kuphela kukuhlaziya iMX-Linux

A.- Qhuba Umhlaziyi weMX kwimenyu yebar okanye kwimenyu yokuqala

B.- Baleka ukusuka kwi- Ukuqala kwesiphelo "iseshoni yengcambu", ukufakwa kwezi phakheji zilandelayo ngalo myalelo ulandelayo:

apt install mx-clocky mx-findshares mx-switchuser mx-timeset-gui mxt-app

Ukuhlaziya i-DEBIAN / MX-Linux

Baleka usuka kwi- Ukuqala kwesiphelo "iseshoni yengcambu”(Ingcambu @ iicomputer $), ukufakwa kwezi phakheji zilandelayo ngalo myalelo ulandelayo:

apt update; apt full-upgrade; apt install -f; dpkg --configure -a; apt-get autoremove; apt --fix-broken install

apt install aptitude apt-xapian-index apt-transport-https; apt update; update-apt-xapian-index

aptitude clean; aptitude autoclean; apt-get autoremove; apt autoremove; apt purge; apt remove

apt install deborphan localepurge prelink

cp /etc/default/prelink /etc/default/prelink.bck-`date +"%d_%b_%y"`

sed -i 's/PRELINKING=unknown/PRELINKING=yes/' /etc/default/prelink

prelink -all

localepurge; update-grub; update-grub2; aptitude clean; aptitude autoclean; apt-get autoremove; apt autoremove; apt purge; apt remove; apt --fix-broken install

Amanyathelo okhetho

1.- Guqula umsebenzisi owenziweyo abe ngumsebenzisi wesudo ukusuka kumsebenzisi wengcambu

adduser myuser ingcambu nano / njl / sudoers myuser BONKE = (BONKE: BONKE) BONKE

Qaphela: Faka umgca wokugqibela ongezantsi komgca othi: root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

Hlaziya i- $ PATH eyahlukileyo kwifayile ephezulu ye-.bashrc: ye-DEBIAN 2 kuphela

Qaphela: Khumbula ukuba kuhlobo lwe "UDEBHANE 10" ukuba ayiqali "iseshoni yengcambu" ngomyalelo wokuyalela «su -» endaweni ye «su ingcambu» kuyakufuneka uhlaziye umxholo wokungafaniyo "$ INDLELA" Ukuthintela iingxaki zokwenza umthetho, njengaxa usebenzisa lo myalelo "I-Dpkg". Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba ulungise okwethutyana le ngxaki ngokudibanisa "INDLELA" iyafuneka ngomyalelo «Rhweba ngaphandle» ngoku Landelayo:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

Ukuba ufuna ukuyisombulula ngokusisigxina, kuya kufuneka ufake ifayile "INDLELA" ifuneka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Imowudi 1: Ngomyalelo we-echo

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin' >> /root/.bashrc

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin' >> /home/miusuario/.bashrc

Indlela yesi-2: Ngomyalelo we-nano

Qhuba:

nano /root/.bashrc

Yongeza ekugqibeleni lo mgca ulandelayo:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

Qhuba:

nano /home/usuario/.bashrc

Yongeza ekugqibeleni lo mgca ulandelayo:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

Isikhumbuzo: Ukuba ungena ngomyalelo "yakhe -" njalo, ungatsiba le nkqubo.

Yenza ngokwezifiso

Ukudalwa kwesiqulatho sefolda yomxholo okanye usetyenziso lwangaphandle «/ opt /»

mkdir -p / opt / ifolda yam chmod 777 -R / opt / yam ifolda chown myuser. -R / opt / ifolda yam

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso iinketho zoqwalaselo lwePaneli kunye nezinto zayo

Kwiimeko ekubhekiswa kuzo kwesi sifundo, I-DEBIAN kunye neMX-Linux distros nge Imeko zeDesktop yeXFCE nge Imenyu ye whisker, La manyathelo alandelayo anokwenziwa:

• Imenyu ye whisker: Guqula ubungakanani, i-icon yemenyu, uluhlu lwezicelo ozithandayo, kunye nezinye iindlela zeethebhu ze "inkangeleko nokuziphatha" ezinqwenelekayo kwiipropathi zayo.
• Ibha yemenyu: Yongeza kunye / okanye ususe iiWijethi eziyimfuneko okanye ezinqwenelekayo kwaye utshintshe indawo yazo kunye neepropathi.

Kwakhona, kunye neapp Imenyu ephambili (Alacarte) banga Yenziwe yasebenza ayasebenza izicelo ezibonakalayo nezinqwenelekayo kwifayile ye- Qala Imenyu.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso iiDesktop

Kwicandelo (usetyenziso) olubiziweyo Idesktop yeXFCE ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokwenziwa okanye utshintsho lunokwenziwa:

• Imvelaphi: Khetha imvelaphi okanye uninzi kwaye ukhethe imowudi yokubonisa efanayo okanye yonke.
• Imenyu: Khetha ukhetho olufunekayo okanye oluyimfuneko kwiindidi: Imenyu yeDesktop kunye neMenyu yoLuhlu lweWindows.
• Iimpawu: Khetha ukhetho olufunekayo okanye oluyimfuneko kwiindidi: Inkangeleko kunye neempawu ezimiselweyo.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-GRUB

• Kwimeko I-MX-Linux Ungawuguqula umfanekiso ongasemva ngokwenza utshintsho kwi Umxholo weGRUB "Ilinen" eza ngokusilelayo.
• Kwimeko Debian Ungawuguqula umfanekiso ongasemva ngokwenza utshintsho kwi Umxholo weGRUB "SIthafa" eza ngokusilelayo.

Qaphela: Olu tshintsho lunokwenziwa ngesandla usebenzisa i ukuhlela iifayile zoqwalaselo ye Izihloko zeGRUB isetyenzisiwe, kodwa kungcono ukufaka usetyenziso "Ulungelelwaniso loMgangatho lweGRUB" kunye nokwenza olu tshintsho, kwaye uthathe ithuba lokwenza ulungelelwaniso kwimigca yegalelo GRUB.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-Desktop Desktop

En I-MX-Linux isicelo sele sifakiwe (Umphathi weConky), kodwa ngaphakathi Debian kungayimfuneko ukuyifaka. Nje ukuba ifakwe kwaye iqulunqwe, kuya kufuneka ukhethe kwaye Yenza ngokwezifiso iConky yokhetho lwethu.

Nika amandla

apt install neofetch figlet toilet lolcat

Injongo

Ukuququzelela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwe Iifayile zebashrc ingcambu kunye nomsebenzisi.

apt install autoconf automake build-essential dkms fastjar g++ gawk gcc gcc-multilib gettext gettext-base intltool intltool-debian jarwrapper gtk-recordmydesktop linux-headers-$(uname -r) mawk mesa-common-dev minizip nasm perl perl-base perl-modules-5.28 pkg-config python-apt python-glade2 python-gtk2 python-libxml2 subversion wx-common wx3.0-headers x11proto-record-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev

Injongo

Nika inkxaso kwizenzo ezihambele phambili, ezinje ngokudityaniswa kwekernel okanye ezinye iinkqubo.

apt install libalien-wxwidgets-perl libbz2-dev libc6 libcdio-cdda-dev libcdio-dev libcdio-paranoia-dev libcurl3-gnutls libgcc1 libgl1-mesa-dev libglade2-0 libglade2-dev libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libglib2.0-dev libglibmm-2.4-1v5 libglibmm-2.4-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libgmp3-dev libgtk-3-dev libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libgtk2.0-dev libguichan-sdl-0.8.1-1v5 libjack-jackd2-dev liblocale-gettext-perl libpcre16-3 libmodule-pluggable-perl libpng16-16 libsdl-console-dev libsdl-gfx1.2-dev libsdl-image1.2-dev libsdl-mixer1.2-dev libsdl-net1.2-dev libsdl-ocaml-dev libsdl-pango-dev libsdl-perl libsdl-sge-dev libsdl-sound1.2-dev libsdl-ttf2.0-dev libsdl1.2-dev libsdl2-2.0-0 libsdl2-dev libsdl2-image-dev libsdl2-mixer-dev libsdl2-net-dev libsdl2-ttf-dev libsigc++-2.0-dev libsndfile1-dev libstdc++6 libtool libvorbisenc2 libwx-perl libwxbase3.0-dev libxcb-xtest0 libxcb-xv0 libxml2 libxml2-dev libxml2-utils libxtst-dev libxv-dev libxv1 libxvmc1 libxxf86vm-dev

Injongo

Nika inkxaso kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo kubasebenzisi abaphambili (i-multimedia, i-gamers, abaphuhlisi, phakathi kwabanye).

apt install arj bzip2 gzip lhasa liblhasa0 lzip lzma p7zip p7zip-full p7zip-rar sharutils rar unace unrar unrar-free tar unzip xz-utils zip

Injongo

Nika inkxaso epheleleyo kwimisebenzi yoxinzelelo / yokwehla kwenkqubo yokusebenza.

apt install alien curl debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring htop lynx net-tools nmap rpm rpm-i18n screen ssh sudo testdisk w3m w3m-img

Injongo

Faka iiplagi kunye nokusetyenziswa okuyisiseko (kubalulekile kunye / okanye kuluncedo) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Terminal Interface (CLI).

apt install alacarte baobab bleachbit brasero brasero-cdrkit camera.app cdrskin cheese chromium chromium-l10n converseen dcraw dvd+rw-tools dvdauthor evince ffmpegthumbnailer file-roller firefox-esr firefox-esr-l10n-es-es fslint gdebi gedit gedit-plugins gimp gimp-gmic gimp-data-extras gimp-gap gimp-gutenprint gimp-plugin-registry gimp-help-es gnome-disk-utility gnome-orca gparted gphoto2 gpicview gufw imagination kodi libdvdread4 libdvdnav4 libmimic0 libxm4 lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings lsb-release lsdvd menu-l10n menulibre mirage onboard pitivi ooo-thumbnailer plymouth plymouth-themes plymouth-x11 rhythmbox rhythmbox-plugins rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder software-properties-gtk seahorse simple-scan shotwell software-properties-gtk sound-juicer synaptic thunderbird thunderbird-l10n-es-es totem totem-plugins update-notifier vlc vlc-plugin-notify vokoscreen xarchiver xscreensaver zipper.app

Injongo

Faka ii-add-ons kunye nezicelo ezisisiseko (eziyimfuneko kunye / okanye eziluncedo) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Graphical Interface (GUI) echaphazelekayo.

apt install game-data-packager games-minesweeper games-tetris games-thumbnails gnome-cards-data gnome-games

Injongo

Faka isiseko (esifanelekileyo kunye / okanye esiluncedo) sokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa (imidlalo) iiphakheji zesicelo sabasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo (i-office automation).

Iziphumo

Kwimeko yam, sebenzisa le nkqubo kwi I-MX-Linux Distro 19 yam ukuvelisa eyam entsha ephathekayo kunye ne-ISO enokutsha nge ulwenziwo olugqithisileyo kunye nokwenza ngconooko ndihlala ndikubiza "Imimangaliso", ngoku kwi 2.0 version. Okuqhotyoshelweyo izikrini ukuze ubone iziphumo:

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli candelo lokuqala lesi sifundo. Kwinxalenye yesibini siza kuphawula ukuba ezinye iipakeji (usetyenziso) ziyacetyiswa ukuba ziqhubeke nokwenza ngcono (ukugcwalisa) iDistros I-DEBIAN 10 kunye neMX-Linux 19.

Isiphelo

Siyathemba ukuba yi "Uncedo oluncinci" malunga «DEBIAN y MX-Linux», kwiinguqulelo zayo zamva nje nezangoku zonyaka ka-2020, ukufezekisa «actualizarlas y optimizarlas», Inomdla omkhulu kunye noluncedo, iyonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kunye negalelo elikhulu ekusasazekeni kwendalo emangalisayo, enkulu kunye nokukhula kwezicelo kunye «GNU/Linux».

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, sukuhlala ungathandabuzi ukutyelela nayiphi na Ilayibrari ekwi-Intanethi njengaye VulaLibra y IJedIT ukufunda Iincwadi (iiPDF) kwesi sihloko okanye abanye iinkalo zolwazi. Okwangoku, ukuba uyithandile le «publicación», Sukuyeka ukwabelana ngayo nabanye, kwi Iiwebhusayithi ozithandayo, amajelo, amaqela, okanye uluntu zonxibelelwano zentlalo, ngokukhethekileyo zisimahla kwaye zivulekile njenge IMododon, okanye ukhuselekile kwaye uyimfihlo ngathi yocingo.

Okanye tyelela nje iphepha lasekhaya apha DesdeLinux okanye ujoyine iShaneli esemthethweni ITelegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvota oku okanye ezinye iimpapasho ezinomdla «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» kunye nezinye izihloko ezinxulumene «Informática y la Computación»kunye «Actualidad tecnológica».