Isikhokelo esiSebenzayo sokuXhasa uMthombo weNkxaso yeMali, yayilwa ekuqaleni ngu UNadia Eghbal, Ukuze kufundiswe abaphuhlisi, abacebisi kunye noosomashishini ukuba Ungayifumana njani inkxaso mali yeeProjekthi zoMthombo oVulekileyo. Injongo kukugcwalisa lonke ulwazi Nadia Uphakamisile kwaye wanika izixhobo ezongezelelekileyo emsebenzini omkhulu asilungiselele wona.
"Ndisebenza nomthombo ovulekileyo, ndingayifumana njani inkxaso-mali?"
Uluhlu olungezantsi zizo zonke iindlela Nadia kwaye ndiyazi ukuze abantu bafumane inkxaso-mali ngomsebenzi wabo ngomthombo ovulekileyo, uluhlu luye lwayalelwa kancinci okanye kancinci ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu. Icandelo ngalinye lenkxaso mali linxulunyaniswe nezifundo ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi ndidi azidibananga. Umzekelo, iprojekthi inokuba ne- isiseko kwaye usebenzise crowdfunding ukunyusa imali. Omnye umntu unokuyenza thethana kananjalo ube neqhosha lomnikelo, kunye nayo yonke indibaniselwano eyimfuneko. Injongo yesi sikhokelo kukubonelela ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lweendlela zonke ungahlawulwa ngokusebenza ngomthombo ovulekileyoKuya kufuneka ukhethe kwaye uvavanye ukuba yeyiphi eyona isebenzele wena, iprojekthi nganye kunye neemeko zahlukile, Oko kukuthi, oko kusisebenzelayo mhlawumbi ngekhe kuyisebenzele iprojekthi yakho.
Iqhosha lomnikelo
Singabeka indawo yomnikelo kwiwebhusayithi yethu. UStripe kunye nePayPal ziinkonzo ezimbini ezilungileyo onokuzisebenzisa ukwamkela iminikelo.
eziluncedo
- Zimbalwa iimeko
- Ukufakwa ngokulula kunye nomsebenzi omncinci wolondolozo obandakanyekayo "Yifake nje kwaye ufumane iminikelo"
Ukuhlawula
- Ngokwesiqhelo ayikhuliswa imali eninzi, ngaphandle kokuba ubeke umgudu omkhulu wokukhuthaza abantu ukuba banikele.
- Kwamanye amazwe nakwimigaqo ethile yeenkonzo zomnikelo, kufuneka ubeneziko elisemthethweni ukuze ufumane inkxaso (I-SFC y I-OpenCollective ngabaxhasi ngezimali onokuthi ubasebenzisele loo njongo).
- Kunzima ukulawula abantu okanye abanikeli bamanye amazwe.
- Ngamanye amaxesha akucaci ukuba ngubani "ofanelwe" yimali kwiprojekthi okanye isasazwa njani.
Amatyala okufunda
Imivuzo
Ngamanye amaxesha iiprojekthi okanye iinkampani zithumela imbuyekezo endaweni yokwenza isoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo (Umzekelo: "Lungisa le bug uqokelele i-100 leedola"). Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi ezinceda ukuququzelela ukubekwa kunye nokuqokelelwa kwemivuzo. 
eziluncedo
- Vula inxaxheba yoluntu
- Imali ibotshelelwe ekwenzeni umsebenzi othile (ngakumbi njengokuhlawula inkonzo kunokunikela)
- Ijolise ikakhulu ekwenzeni umsebenzi wokhuseleko kwisoftware evulekileyo
Ukuhlawula
- Unokudala inkuthazo egqwethekileyo kwiprojekthi (umgangatho ophantsi, ukwandisa ukuphazamiseka)
- Imivuzo ngokubanzi ayiphezulu kakhulu (~ <$ 500)
- Ayiboneleli ngeniso ephindaphindayo
Amatyala okufunda
Ukubuyisa imali (ngexesha elinye kuphela)
Ukuba sinoluvo oluthile esifuna ukulusebenzisa, umkhankaso we crowdfunding Intlawulo enye inokusinceda sinyuse imali esiyifunayo. Bobabini abantu kunye namashishini banokuzimisela ukunikela kwiphulo lakho.
eziluncedo
- Zimbalwa iimeko
- Kukho amaqonga akuvumela ukuba uphathe ngokusemthethweni le minikelo ngokulula nangokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlawula
- Umsebenzi omninzi wentengiso kufuneka wenziwe ukuze iphulo liphumelele.
- Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ibotshelelwe kwiziphumo zekhonkrithi
- Ngokukodwa akukho mali ininzi iphakanyisiweyo (~ $ 50K ngexesha elinye)
- Iinkampani azihlali zikulungele ukunikela kwezi ntlobo zemikhankaso.
Amatyala okufunda
Ukubuyisa imali (okuphindayo)
Ukuba ufuna ukuxhasa ngemali iprojekthi eqhubekayo, ungaseta umkhankaso wokuphindaphinda ukubuyisa imali, ngokuzibophelela ngenyanga okanye ngonyaka okuvuselelwa ngokungenasiphelo (okanye de umnikeli arhoxise). Abo basebenzisa iprojekthi yakho rhoqo (kubandakanya abantu kunye neenkampani) banokuzimisela ukuxhasa ngemali umsebenzi wakho.
eziluncedo
- Zimbalwa iimeko
- Ukuqokelelwa kwemali kunokulawulwa ngokulula nangubani na umzekelo:Preon y I-OpenCollective
Ukuhlawula
- Kunzima ukufumana abanikeli ukuba bazibophelele kwintlawulo ephindaphindayo (ihlala ifuna uphawu lwangaphambili / igama)
- Kunzima ukuchaza iziphumo kunye nezibonelelo eziza nokunxulunyaniswa neminikelo ephindaphindayo
- Ngokwesiqhelo ayisiyo mali ininzi (~ $ 1-4K ngenyanga)
- Amashishini ngokubanzi azive ekhululekile ukunikela kwezi ntlobo zemikhankaso
Amatyala okufunda
Iincwadi kunye nentengiso
Ukuba uyingcali kwisifundo esithile abanye abantu abanokuthi bafumane iluncedo ekufundeni, enye yeendlela onokuthi ukhethe kuzo ukuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi zakho ngokubhala nokuthengisa incwadi okanye uthotho lweencwadi. Unokufumana umshicileli (njengo-O'Reilly) okanye upapashe ngokwakho. Ukongeza ekuthengiseni iincwadi, ezinye iiprojekthi zithengisa izinto ezithengiswayo (umz., I-T-shirts, ii-hoodies) ukuxhasa umsebenzi wazo.
eziluncedo
- Iziphumo zinxulunyaniswa nawe hayi iprojekthi, ke ugcina inkululeko yoyilo
- Ingasebenza njengesixhobo sokuthengisa seprojekthi ngokwayo
- Ingangumthombo ophindaphindiweyo wengeniso, ukusukela kanye xa uqala iprojekthi yakho de uyigqibe
Ukuhlawula
- Ukuthengiswa kwencwadi kuhlala kungenzi mali ngokwaneleyo
- Ngamana unokuphazamisa uphuhliso lweprojekthi esisiseko
- Ukwenza incwadi okanye ukuthengisa ukuthengisa kunokuba neendleko zangaphambili
Unokufunda nengxoxo-mpikiswano ebesinayo kwiintsuku ezidlulileyo malunga nayo AmaXwebhu asimahla xa kuthelekiswa neLungelo lokushicilela kunye nePropathi yeNgqondo! Kuba ayisiyiyo yonke into eyiSoftware yasimahla.
Amatyala okufunda
Intengiso kunye neenkxaso
Ukuba iprojekthi inabaphulaphuli abaninzi, ungathengisa inkxaso-mali kubathengisi abafuna ukufikelela kubo. Uya kuba nabaphulaphuli abathile (umz.
eziluncedo
- Imodeli yeshishini ehambelana nento abantu abakulungeleyo ukuyihlawulela
Ukuhlawula
- Ufuna ukuba abaphulaphuli bakho babenkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze baxhase inkxaso-mali
- Kuya kufuneka ulawule ukuthembana kunye nokwenza izinto elubala ngesiseko somsebenzisi (umzekelo. Akukho ndlela yokulandela umkhondo)
- Umsebenzi wokufumana nokulawula abathengi unokuba nzima kakhulu
Into yokuphonononga
Ukuqeshwa yinkampani ukuba isebenze kwiprojekthi
Ngamanye amaxesha iinkampani ziqesha abantu ukuba benze uphuhliso lomthombo ovulekileyo. Fumana inkampani esebenzisa iprojekthi ofuna ukusebenza kuyo. Oku kuhlala kulungelelaniswa ngokwamacandelo (umzekelo, i-50% yomsebenzi wenkampani kunye ne-50% yomsebenzi ovulelekileyo). Ngenye indlela ukuba unoluvo lweprojekthi entsha, unokufumana inkampani enomdla wokusebenzisa oko ukuvelisayo. Kule meko, ukuba namava aqinisekisiweyo kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu.
eziluncedo
- Itsala abo banezixhobo (okt amashishini)
- Inokulungelelaniswa kakuhle neemfuno zenkampani
- Ingeniso ezinzileyo
Ukuhlawula
- Ihlala iquka "ukuba nethamsanqa": kukho indlela ecacileyo, enokuphinda ifunyanwe
- Iprojekthi kufuneka sele isaziwa kwaye isetyenziswe
- Unokuba ngumntu onganikeli galelo lingaphantsi kwinkampani, ekwenza ukuba usebenze
- Imicimbi yezolawulo kunye nobunkokeli, inkampani inokuba nefuthe elibi kwiprojekthi
- Inokuchaphazela amandla kunye nokulingana kweprojekthi
Izifundo zamatyala
- UDonald Stufft + Hewlett-Packard kunye nokupakishwa kwePython
- Isityebi seHickey + Cognitect kunye neClojure
Qalisa iprojekthi, ngelixa ungumqeshwa
Uninzi lweeprojekthi zomthombo ovulekileyo ziqale njengeeprojekthi ezisecaleni zabasebenzi. Iprojekthi inokuphelela ekusebenzeni kwenkampani, kodwa ukuqala njengeprojekthi esecaleni kunokuba yindlela elungileyo yokufaka umbono.
Ukuba ulandela le ndlela, qiniseka ukuba uyawuqonda umgaqo-nkqubo wenkampani yakho kwimithombo evulekileyo yomsebenzi. Ezinye iinkampani zikhuthaza abasebenzi ukuba bafake isandla kwimithombo evulekileyo ngexesha lomsebenzi. Abanye banokuyiphatha imisebenzi yabo evulekileyo njengeprojekthi yeshishini. Sukucingela nantoni na; buza umntu kwinkampani yakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale.
eziluncedo
- Inkululeko yokuzama izimvo ezintsha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngomvuzo
- Inokulungelelaniswa kakuhle neemfuno zenkampani
- Ilungele iimbono ezintsha, kuvavanyo
Ukuhlawula
- Kufuneka uyenze njengeprojekthi esecaleni okanye uvunyiwe ukuze usebenze kuyo ngexesha lomvuzo
- Umngcipheko wempembelelo engafanelekanga yenkampani
- Ingakhokelela kulawulo olunzima emva komgca
Amatyala okufunda
Inkxaso
Izibonelelo yiminikelo emikhulu engadingi kuhlawulwa. Iinkampani ezinkulu zihlala zifumana ezinye izibonelelo ngokuxhasa umsebenzi wazo, njengokwazi izakhono zabo, ukubonisa ifuthe lezenzo zabo, ingxelo yomsebenzi wabo okanye ikakhulu izibonelelo zerhafu.
Iminikelo inokuvela kwiindawo ezininzi, kubandakanya iinkampani zesoftware, iziseko, iziseko zokunceda abantu, kunye norhulumente. Imiba yezobugcisa neyomthetho yesibonelelo yahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kubani oyenzayo. Umzekelo, inkampani inokukunika "isivumelwano" kodwa isthathe ngokusemthethweni njenge-invoice yokubonisana. Isiseko sobubele sinokwenza kuphela iminikelo kwizinto ezingenzi nzuzo, ke kuya kufuneka ukuba ibe yinto engenzi nzuzo okanye uhlala kufuneka ufumane into engenzi nzuzo ukuze uyixhase. Ukuba awuqhelananga nezibonelelo, eyona ndlela yokuqonda indlela eziphatha ngayo izibonelelo kukuthetha nomntu owakhe wazifumana ngaphambili.
eziluncedo
- Ngaphantsi amaqhina
- Imali yesibonelelo inokunceda ukugxila kwiprojekthi kangangexesha elingenakuphazanyiswa
- Inika ithuba lokuyila ngokutsha kunye nokuvavanya iprojekthi
Ukuhlawula
- Akukho zininzi iziseko zabanikeli ezinxulumene nesoftware
- Inkxaso-mali iphelile. Abakafumani uzinzo ngaphaya kobomi besibonelelo
Izifundo zamatyala
Iinkonzo zonxibelelwano
Ukubonisana kunokuba yindlela eguqukayo yokuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi zomthombo ovulekileyo. Unenkululeko engakumbi yokuhlela ixesha lakho nangona ufuna (umzekelo, ukubonisana iiyure ezingama-30 ngeveki kunye nokuchitha iiyure ezili-10 ngeveki kwiprojekthi yomthombo ovulekileyo). Abacebisi banokuhlawulisa ngaphezulu ixesha labo kunabaqeshwa kuba umsebenzi awuzinzanga, abafumani zibonelelo, njl. Ukuba ufuna ukucwangcisa ukwenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi rhoqo, kuyakufuneka wenze uhlobo oluthile lwesazisi esisemthethweni ukuwuxhasa kwakhona (i-LLC okanye elingana ngaphandle kwe-US).
Ukuba iprojekthi yakho ithandwa kakhulu, unokubonelela ngokubonisana kunye neenkonzo zayo yonke iprojekthi ngokwayo. Umzekelo, umthengi angahlawula ukumilisela iprojekthi, ayenzele isiko, okanye abaqeqeshe ngendlela yokuyisebenzisa.
eziluncedo
- Imodeli yeshishini ehambelana nento abantu abakulungeleyo ukuyihlawulela
Ukuhlawula
- Ukubonisana kufuna ulungiselelo oluninzi, ngokubanzi akukubi kakuhle kuba kufuna izakhono zabantu.
- Iimfuno zeshishini zinokufuna ixesha elingaphezulu kunelo lifunwayo ukuze ikhowudi yokubhala okanye eminye imisebenzi enxulumene neprojekthi ngokwayo inokuba sengozini
- Ngaba unokuchasana nokwenza isoftware ekulula ukuyisebenzisa
- IProjekthi kufuneka ithandwe ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba abantu bazimisele ukuhlawulela iinkonzo ezinxulumene noko
Amatyala okufunda
SaaS
I-SaaS ithetha isoftware njengenkonzo. Kule modeli, ikhowudi yesiseko ngokwayo ingumthombo ovulekileyo, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezongezelelweyo ezihlawulelweyo ezenza kube lula kubantu ukuba basebenzise iprojekthi yakho. Enye yeendlela ezithandwayo kakhulu ukwenza iprojekthi yomthombo ovulekileyo ibe yinzuzo, ukongeza ekuvumeleni ukukhula kwakho kuhlaziywa rhoqo.
eziluncedo
- Unokwakha uluntu olujikeleze iprojekthi evulekileyo kwaye wenze imali ngenkcitho yeenkonzo ezizodwa kunye nokusebenza okubonelelweyo
- Ivumela iprojekthi yomthombo ovulekileyo ukuba ijolise kubasebenzisi kunye neemfuno.
- Unokulinganisa ngenani labasebenzisi
Ukuhlawula
- Rhoqo kuthetha ukuba indawo yokuhlala mayibe ngexabiso eliphantsi kunokuqasha umphuhlisi sebenzisa iprojekthi.
- Ukuba "namanqanaba amabini enkxaso" ayinakuba ngabo bonke abasebenzisi bemithombo evulekileyo abaya konwaba.
Amatyala okufunda
Ilayisensi ezimbini
Ngamanye amaxesha iiprojekthi zibonelela ngesiseko sekhowudi efanayo kunye neelayisensi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: Inye inentengiso kwaye inobuhlobo ayisiyiyo (GPL Umzekelo). Le yokugqibela isimahla ukuba umntu ayisebenzise, kodwa iinkampani zihlawulela iphepha-mvume loshishino ukunqanda naziphi na iingxaki zomthetho.
eziluncedo
- Imodeli yeshishini ehambelana nento abantu abakulungeleyo ukuyihlawulela
- Unako ukunyuka kakuhle ukuba uphumelele
Ukuhlawula
- Isenokuba kukuphikisana nokwenziwa kwesoftware yokufikelela evulekileyo
- Iprojekthi kufuneka ibenkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze kubekho imfuneko yokuba umthengi ahlawule iLayisensi yeShishini
Amatyala okufunda
Umxholo ovulekileyo
Malunga nemodeli ye undoqo ovulekileyo, ichaza ukuba ezinye iinkalo zeprojekthi zisimahla, kodwa ezinye izinto zez weprojekthi kwaye zifumaneka kuphela kubasebenzisi abahlawulwayo. Ngokwesiqhelo oku kuyasebenza xa kukho imfuneko evela kwishishini yeprojekthi.
eziluncedo
- Imodeli yeshishini ehambelana nento abantu abakulungeleyo ukuyihlawulela
- Unako ukunyuka kakuhle ukuba uphumelele
Ukuhlawula
- Kufuneka ube nento enokuhlawuliswa (oko kuthetha ukwenza izinto ezithile ezizodwa).
- Isenokuba kukuphikisana nokwenziwa kwesoftware yokufikelela evulekileyo
- Ukuba "namanqanaba amabini enkxaso" ayinakuba ngabo bonke abasebenzisi bemithombo evulekileyo abaya konwaba.
Amatyala okufunda
Iziseko kunye ne-consortia
Isiseko ngumbutho osemthethweni onokwamkela kunye / okanye ukuhlawula iminikelo. Kuba injongo yayo ayikokungenisa nzuzo, kunokuba yinto elungileyo ukubonakalisa ukungathathi cala kweprojekthi. 
eziluncedo
- Ubundilele. Isiseko sikhusela ikhowudi kwaye sinceda uluntu olulawulayo
- Impembelelo isasazwa kubanikeli abaninzi
- Ngaba inokumisela ngokusemthethweni iprojekthi, iinkampani ziziva zikhululekile ukunikela ngeziseko kunabantu
Ukuhlawula
- Kufanelekile kuphela kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu
- Kunzima ukuyila ngokwemithetho nemigaqo yelizwe ngalinye.
- Ifuna iinzame zoluntu kunye nokwenziwa kwezakhono ezahlukeneyo
Amatyala okufunda
Imali yokuqala okujikayo
Inkunzi yeVenture yindlela yokuxhasa ngemali iinkampani ezikhula kakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo nemali-mboleko yebhanki okanye ezinye iindlela zokufumana imali yamatyala, oonobumba abakhulu bathatha ubulungisa (ipesenti enye yobunini kwishishini lakho) endaweni yokufumana imali. Icala elisezantsi kukuba ngokungafaniyo nokuthatha imali mboleko, awunyanzelekanga ukuba uhlawule abo ubatyalayo kodwa ishishini lakho. Ukuba iprojekthi yakho iphumelele, abatyali mali bakho baya kufumana isixa esihle seenzuzo ezenziwe.
Imali yokurhweba "ngumngcipheko omkhulu, imveliso ephezulu", iifemu zorhwebo zinokunyamezela kunokuba, yithi, yibhanki, kodwa bafuna umvuzo omkhulu ukuba baphumelele. Ukuba awuqhelananga nenkqubo yemali eyinkunzi, eyona ndawo onokuthi uqale kuyo kukuncokola nabanye abaphuhlisi okanye oosomashishini abenze ukuba iprojekthi yabo ibe yimpumelelo ngenxa yenkampani eyinkunzi.
eziluncedo
- Inkxaso yeziko inokuba luncedo ekukhuliseni ishishini lakho
- Izixa ezikhulu zemali ezikhoyo
Ukuhlawula
- Imali yeentengo iza nolindelo lwe-ROI ephezulu (Oko kukuthi, ukubuyisela imali yakho ngokukhawuleza kunye nembuyekezo enkulu). Imbali icebisa ukuba oku kunzima ngokwenkampani yemithombo evulekileyo ukuba iphumelele.
- Imali yeentengiso inokutshintsha inkuthazo kwaye iphazamise izinto eziphambili
Amatyala okufunda
- Npm
- Ukudibana
Ewe kunjalo, eyona njongo iphambili yesoftware yasimahla kunye noluntu oluvulekileyo loluntu kukwabelana ngolwazi lwayo kunye nokwenza izixhobo ezivumela ukufikelela kubuchwephesha ngendlela yasimahla necacileyo, kodwa akukho mfihlo kuye nakubani na ukuba ukwenziwa kwesoftware yinkqubo Kuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kwezinye iimeko kwaneendleko zokusebenza, ke inkxaso-mali ngumba oxhalabisa uninzi lwabaphuhlisi kunye neenkampani zesoftware yasimahla.
Sithanda ukwazi yeyiphi indlela abayisebenzisileyo ukufumana inkxaso-mali kwiiprojekthi zabo zithini imbonakalo yakho kunye neengcebiso.
Enkosi kakhulu, ukufumana imali yeeprojekthi zomthombo ovulekileyo kuhlala kunzima kakhulu ukuziphuhlisa kwaye kunzima nangakumbi ekufumaneni imali kubadwelisi benkqubo yakho
Ndiyaluthanda olu hlobo lwamanyathelo okubuyisa imali, omabini amaqela abaxhamlayo abo bacebisayo kwaye bawaxhasa. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zolu hlobo zisusela ekuxhaseni umenzi womxholo ekwakheni udonga olwahlula i-USA neMEX. Amathuba awapheli, ndiyalithanda eli qonga libiziweyo https://www.mintme.com apho oku kunokwenzeka