Ungazikhusela njani iisayithi zethu usebenzisa .htpasswd + Imizekelo

Ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukufikelela kulawulo lwemikhombandlela ethile kwiseva yewebhu okanye kumxholo wephepha lethu okanye ibhlog ngenkonzo yokuqinisekisa esekwe kwigama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha. Ndithetha ngento efana nefestile eqhelekileyo ebonakalayo xa sifuna ukungena kwiwebhusayithi eneenkonzo ezithintelweyo.

Zininzi iindlela zokwenza iifestile ezinokungqinisisa kodwa isisombululo esinomdla kwinqanaba leseva sinikiwe hdlokelele. Sisixhobo esisebenza kukugcina amagama agqithisiweyo kwifom efihliweyo ezakusetyenziswa yiApache kwiinkonzo zokuqinisekisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuya kusivumela ukuba sibonise imikhombandlela ethile okanye iifayile nge-http kuphela kubasebenzisi abachongiweyo kwaye ngaphandle kokufumaneka simahla kuye wonke umntu.

Ndiyayiqonda ukuba ayisiyonto eqaqambe kakhulu kodwa inokuba luncedo kwabanye. Ukuze ndingababulali ngokudinwa, ndiza kusebenzisa imifanekiso ukuyenza ibe nokwenzeka ngakumbi.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwangaphambili: Ndiza kusebenzisa Ubuntu Server 12.04.1 y I-Apache 2.2.22 kwindawo elawulwayo.

Siqala.

Njengoko abanye besele besazi, ngokungagqibekanga iisayithi ezikhoyo ze-Apache zigcinwa kulawulo / var / www / kwaye kulo mzekelo ndiza kwenza isikhombisi nge template ye-HTML kwaye ndizame ukukhusela nge .htpasswd.

Isikhokelo sokukhusela / var / www / umzekelo / apho ndibeke iphepha elilandelayo.

Kwiseva Kwibhrawuza

1. Siza kwenza i-.htpasswd.

Indawo apho iya kubekwa khona ibaluleke kwaye ukuyibeka ngaphandle kolawulo lukawonkewonke kunokuba ngaphezulu kokucetyiswa. Kwimeko yam ndiza kuyibeka kwifolda yam yobuqu (engesiso isikhombisi esidlangalaleni se-Apache) kunye negama .htpasswd (A priori akuyomfuneko ukuyibiza ngaloo ndlela, kodwa le ifihliweyo ihlala ilungile).

Ngalo myalelo ulandelayo ndenza ifayile ye .htpasswd yomsebenzisi wewebhu endimthiye njengo "Luke".

# htpasswd -c /home/krel/.htpasswd Luke

Iya kusicela ukuba sinikeze iphasiwedi kabini, kwimeko yam ndibeke "i-skywalker" (ngaphandle kwezicatshulwa). Kwimeko engalawulekiyo kufuneka simisele iiphasiwedi ezinamandla. Ukubethela okungagqibekanga kwiLinux yi-MD5 kodwa kwi-Unix kukuphunyezwa okuqhelekileyo kwe-crypt () kunye neephasiwedi ezinamagama angaphantsi kwe-8 kunokuba sesichengeni. Ngoku umbuzo uvela ukuba uyafana kwi-BSD.

Umyalelo unolu lwakhiwo:

• -c → ukwenza ifayile

• /home/krel/.htpasswd → indlela eyiyo yefayile.

• ULuka → igama lomsebenzisi (inokuba yiyo nantoni na oyifunayo)

Ngokufanayo, andinyanzeli nabani na ukuba asebenzise i-terminal xa kukho iinkonzo kwi-Intanethi:
http://www.web2generators.com/apache/htpasswd_generator

http://www.htaccesstools.com/htpasswd-generator/

Sikopa iziphumo kwifayile yokubhaliweyo kunye negama .htpasswd ukuba unqwenela. Ngokubhekisele kule ndlela, sukuyeka ukufunda into endiphawula ngayo kumhlathi olandelayo.

Kwimeko yethu siza kubona ukuba ifayile yenziwe apho besilindele khona / kwikhaya/krel/.htpasswd. Kumfanekiso ndiqaqambisile ukuba ngale ndlela le fayile yeqela le-apache kunye nomsebenzisi, ekuthiwa ngu-Ubuntu ibizwa www-data. Oku kubalulekile kuba ukuba siyenzile i-.htpasswd nangayiphi na indlela, kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba ineemvume ezingama-644.

Ewe, ngoku siza kubona ukuba zinjani izibilini zabo: Njengoko ubona, kukho umsebenzisi (uLuka) kodwa iphasiwedi ibhalwe ngokufihliweyo.

Ngale ndlela sele siyile sayila .htpasswd yomsebenzisi uLuka, ekugqibeleni ayisiyonto ngaphandle kwesikhongozeli sephasiwedi. "Yonke into ngomyalelo omnye" iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo yokubhaliweyo.

2. Qwalasela i-Apache ukuba isebenzise kwaye ivumele loo nkonzo kwisiza.

# nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

Ukuba unemikhosi emininzi, kufuneka basebenze kulowo nalowo kubo, kwimeko yam ndinaye kuphela oza ngokusilelayo. Ungalibali ukuba kuhlala kulungile ukwenza ukhuphelo lwaloo fayile.

Le fayile inesakhiwo esingagqibekanga:

I-ServerAdmin umphathi wewebhu @ localhost

..................

..................

Ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi kwesihloko seVirtualhost ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe .htpasswd kuya kucaciswa ukufikelela kulawulo oluthile. Sikwenza njengoko umfanekiso ongezantsi ubonakala kwaye kufanelekile kumzekelo wethu: Kulungile. Ndicacisa imigca:

Kuya kufuneka ubeke isikhombisi ukukhusela.

AuthType Basic

Luhlobo lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha ekuxoxiswene ngalo kunye nesikhangeli, kule meko sisisiseko, ngaphandle kokubethela.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lothethathethwano: I-Digest, le ibethela igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama eligqithisiweyo, nangona kunjalo igama lokugqibela ngumkhangeli ukuba ingaba iyayixhasa na le nkonzo. UDigest unokuthiwa luphunyezo olunamandla ngakumbi ngokuchasene nabaphunga. Ndiyakumema ukuba uphande koku.

AuthName "Buza emnyango ngaphambi kokungena."

Ngumyalezo oza kubonakala kumsebenzisi kwisikhangeli kwifom yokungena kwaye inokuba yeyona siyifunayo.

AuthUserFile /var/www/.pass/.htpasswd

Indlela yefayile .htpasswd. Ngeso sizathu yile yokuba ndithi akukho mfuneko yokuba ithiye igama .htpasswd, ukubeka umendo kuya kusebenza ngokufanayo.

Ifuna umsebenzisi ovumelekileyo

Lo mgca wenzelwe abasebenzisi abaninzi abaneephasiwedi ezizodwa. Kwimeko apho ingumsebenzisi omnye, inokushwankathelwa njengolu luhlu lulandelayo.

Ifuna umsebenzisi el_que_sea

Kumzekelo wam unokuba: Ifuna umsebenzisi uLuka

Kwaye ekugqibeleni sifaka yonke into nge

Siqala kwakhona i-apache:

# service apache2 restart

Masizame.

Ukuba asiqinisekisi ngokuchanekileyo siya kufumana Impazamo 401. Kwelinye icala, ukuba sibeka igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama eligqithisiweyo elichanekileyo, oko kungasivumela ukuba sidlule ngaphandle kwengxaki enkulu.

Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo.

• Ukongeza abasebenzisi abaninzi kwifayile esele yenziwe ye-htpasswd ungawusebenzisa lo myalelo

htpasswd -mb /home/krel/.htpasswd Iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi

Ukuba usete "Funa umsebenzisi" hayi "Ufuna umsebenzisi osebenzayo" kufuneka wongeze umsebenzisi omtsha elandelwa ngulowo wangaphambili kwaye wahlulwe ngesithuba. Umzekelo:

Ifuna umsebenzisi uLuke Anakin

• Sebenzisa amaqela abasebenzisi

Ukuba endaweni yabasebenzisi ngabanye sikhetha okanye kufuneka sisebenze namaqela kule webhusayithi ilandelayo bayichaza ngokweenkcukacha kwaye linqaku elihle.
http://www.juanfelipe.net/node/23

• Singaseta nolunye uhlobo lokubethela, umzekelo: SHA

htpasswd -sb /home/krel/.htpasswd Iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi

Nanku umfanekiso wendlela ubhaliso lwegama eligqithisiweyo le-SHA eliya kubonakala ngayo kwi .htpasswd. Kuzo zombini yayiyi "skywalker".

Olunye ulwazi

htpasswd -help

Ukuba ufuna ukungena nzulu kwesi sihloko, i-RTFM ihlala ilungile!
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/es/howto/auth.html

http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/misc/password_encryptions.html

Ndifumene le script ye-PHP inomdla kwiphepha leYunivesithi yaseGranada ukwenza i-htaccess kunye ne-htpasswd generator. Khange ndikwazi ukuyenza kodwa ndiyakumema ukuba "ubambe ubukrelekrele."

Itemplate ye-HTML endiyifumene kweli phepha kwimeko yokuba nabani na unomdla.
http://www.templatemo.com/

Ndiyathemba ukuba uyithandile le ntetho ye-htpasswd.