Ukwabela i-Intanethi kwi-Intanethi: IiNethiwekhi eziMiselweyo kunye neeServer ezizimeleyo

Namhlanje, Uluntu lwangoku olwazi ngakumbi kunakuqala luxhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi yenethiwekhi, ilifu, i-Intanethi. Kunye nale nto, ukubekwa phambili kwe-Intanethi kunyukile ezandleni zamashishini okanye imibutho yoluntu kunye neyabucala.

Kodwa, iintshukumo kunye neetekhnoloji zenziwe, ezifuna kwaye zivumela ukubuyela umva kwale nkqubo. Iintshukumo kunye neetekhnoloji ezivumela okanye ezithanda ukwabelwa kwabucala i-Intanethi, kwaye ibuyise ulawulo kunye nokuzimela okufanayo kummi, okanye oko, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuyenze ibe simahla, ikhuseleke, ibucala kwaye iphicothwe, kwaye ingangenwa ngamandla e-hegemonic yamazwe ngamazwe okanye yengingqi, amagunya orhulumente wehlabathi.

Akukho mntu kwezi ntsuku kuyimfihlo, ukuba ukubekwa kwi-Intanethi kungasichaphazela njani sonke, abanye ngakumbi kunabanye, njengabantu ngabanye nangokuhlangeneyo. Imizekelo iyintabalala, enje ngala: Ukusetyenziswa kwetrafikhi kunye nedatha yimibutho okanye yimibutho, eyoluntu kunye neyabucala, ukuthengisa, ukumodareyitha kwezentlalo, ulawulo lwabemi, ubuntlola bezorhwebo okanye ukhuseleko loluntu.

Ukongeza, ukubekwa embindini kwe-Intanethi kuthanda "ukungathathi cala". ngokubhekisele kubemi, imibutho nkqu nakumazwe, yile mibutho inye okanye imibutho, eluntwini nakwabucala. Umcimbi obonakalisiweyo, umzekelo, xa ilizwe okanye umbutho uchaphazeleka kukunxibelelana okanye ukufikelela kuwo, ngokuthatha izigqibo ngokungenalusini, ngokungenabulungisa okanye ngokungenacala.

Uthungelwano olusemthethweni

I-Intanethi enokubekwa kwindawo esesikweni kwi-Intanethi inokuyeka ukubangumthamoUkuba unxibelelwano lwethu aluyi ngqo kuMboneleli weNkonzo ye-Intanethi (ISP), kodwa endaweni yoko iirouter yethu inxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nezinye iirouters, ngaloo ndlela yenza inethiwekhi naphina, ukuze kamva ibe yinxalenye ye-Intanethi ukuba kukho imfuneko. Kwaye oku kunokwenzeka ngokufaka isoftware okanye ubumbeko oluthile kwi-router yethu evumela ukwenza inethiwekhi enemingxunya.

Iindidi

Umzekelo wale teknoloji okanye iindlela zokwabela abaphantsi amagunya kunokuthathwa kwi iimodeli zekhompyuter ezisasaziweyo ezikhoyo kunye itekhnoloji ye-blockchain yenoveli nendlela yayo yokwabela abaphantsi amagunya. Kuba uthungelwano akufuneki lube kuphela "ngokwe-se" nganye embindini. Okwangoku inethiwekhi inokuba ziindidi ezi-3, Oko kukuthi, banokuba:

• Ephakathi: Inethiwekhi apho zonke iindawo zayo zingumda, kwaye zidityaniswe kumbindi. Ngale ndlela, abanokuthi banxibelelane kuphela nge-node esembindini kunye namajelo ayo. Kolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi, ukuwa kweyona ndawo iphambili kunciphisa ukuhamba kwedatha kuzo zonke ezinye iindawo.
• Ukhutshiwe: Inethiwekhi apho kungekho node iphakathi, kodwa endaweni yeziko elihlangeneyo elinamazibuko oxhumano ahlukeneyo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba enye ye "indawo ezilawulayo" iyanqamla, akukho nanye okanye iindawo ezimbalwa ezishiyekileyo kwinethiwekhi yonke ezilahlekileyo.
• Ihanjisiwe: Inethiwekhi apho kungekho node iphakathi. Ngale ndlela, ukunqunyulwa kwayo nayiphi na indawo kungabangela ukuba uqhawulwe komnye umntu kwinethiwekhi. Kungenxa yokuba kwezi nethiwekhi, ii-node zixhunywe komnye nomnye ngaphandle kwesidingo sokudibanisa enye okanye nangaphezulu.

U mzekelo

Okwangoku kukho imizekelo elungileyo yenethiwekhi yokwenene yale ndlela, ekufuneka ikamva elifanelekileyo ikhule ngakumbi kwaye isasazeke ngokubanzi. Imizekelo enje:

• I-Guifi yeNet
• NYC enemingxuma
• INethiwekhi ekhuselekileyo

Kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, kukho amanyathelo anomdla kunye nolingo kule ndlela yokudala uthungelwano olusemthethweni. Umzekelo, eDubai (United Arab Emirates), kwenziwa uvavanyo olusebenzisa iBluetooth yazo zonke izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukwenza uthungelwano olusemthethweni.

Kwaye iMastodon ngumzekelo omkhulu wenethiwekhi egunyazisiweyo. engasekelwanga kubuchwephesha be-blockchain. Ngelixa abanye bathanda uSteem, apho nabani na anokuqhuba i-node kwinethiwekhi kunye nokufumana ikopi epheleleyo yawo wonke umxholo wayo, ukuba isekwe kwi-blockchain.

Iiseva ezizimeleyo

Njengoko uninzi lwethu sele lwazi, Ulwazi olujikeleza kwi-intanethi lugcinwa kwiikhompyuter ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseva. Oko kukuthi, ezi ziikhompyuter ezineenkqubo ezenza ukuba kubonelelwe ngeenkonzo kwezinye iinkqubo okanye iikhompyuter kwinethiwekhi okanye kwi-Intanethi, esizibiza ngokuba ziiklayenti okanye iindawo.

Phantse zonke iiseva ze-Intanethi zivuliwe kwaye zixhunyiwe, imini nobusuku, iintsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka, kwaye zigcinwe kumaziko eedatha amakhulu, mhlawumbi kwisixeko esikhulu kwilizwe eliphuhlileyo, ukuze zilawule indawo elungileyo yezithuthi ze-Intanethi kwihlabathi liphela.

Indlela echanekileyo

Kodwa, ngokuchanekileyo la maziko amakhulu edatha enza umqobo kunxibelelwano olukhululekileyo noluvulekileyo. Kuba ezi zithanda ukubekwa phambili kwi-Intanethi, ethi yona, iququzelele ukusetyenziswa gwenxa, ukuthintela kunye nokulawulwa kokuhamba kolwazi lwethu. Ukongeza, bathatha ulwazi olulawulwayo njengepropathi yabo, besenza ishishini ngayo kunye nemibutho esijongayo nesophula ubumfihlo.

Ke ngoko, indlela echanekileyo yokulandela kukufakwa, ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweeseva ezincinci, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezintsha zokusebenza kunye nezixhobo, ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (amazwe) kwaye zigcinwa ngabantu abohlukeneyo (SysAdmins), ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa gwenxa okanye ukusikwa kolwazi kunye neenkonzo zethu.

Bazintoni?

Ezi seva zincinci kunye nezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo zinobunzima bokuphikisana nefomathi yolawulo lwenethiwekhi kunye nedatha yethu. Zininzi iinkcazo ezikhoyo, kodwa ukucaphula iTatiana de la O kwinqaku ngu URitimio Dossier kuLawulo lweTekhnoloji, kwiphepha 37, ibachaza njenge:

“Abasebenzi abakwaziyo ukuzimela nokuxhomekeka kwabo kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wokuzithandela kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bahlawulwe umsebenzi wabalondolozi babo xa befumana inkxaso-mali kuluntu abalusebenzelayo. Ke ngoko, abaxhomekekanga kwiziko likarhulumente okanye labucala ngokusebenza kwabo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuzimela kwezi nkonzo kunokwahluka, abanye bayalwamkela uncediso-mali okanye bagcinwe kumaziko emfundo ngelixa abanye besenokufihlwa eofisini okanye babekwe kwiziko lemfundo okanye lobugcisa kwaye abadingi mali ingako.

U mzekelo

Njengomzekelo weeServer ezizimeleyo ezisebenzayo namhlanje:

• Ukuzimela
• Isporo
• Indlela 50
• Ityubhu yokuvavanya
• Iprojekti yethu
• Vuka

Izinzuzo

Izibonelelo zokusebenzisa iisealone ezizimeleyo zezi:

• Kunqande ukuthengisa nokwenza imali kulwazi lwethu oluhlangeneyo noludibeneyo.
• Thanda iyantlukwano ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezinkulu kurhwebo okanye kurhulumente.
• Ukwandisa ukwabiwa kwamagunya kweziseko ezingundoqo zeteknoloji endaweni yoluntu.
• Yandisa amanqanaba okuzimela kwemibutho ngokubhekisele kumashishini kunye noorhulumente.
• Yongeza iinkonzo zonxibelelwano kunye noqeqesho lobuqu lwamaqela abasebenzisi.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukomelela kwabasebenzisi kwiinguqu ezinokubakho kwezopolitiko, ezopolitiko kunye nezorhwebo kwiindawo zabo zemvelaphi.

Isiphelo

Ukucaphula iNethiwekhi yeMastodon:

“Uthungelwano olusemthethweni lwaseburhulumenteni kunzima ngakumbi koorhulumente ukuhlola. Ukuba iseva iyabhanga okanye iqala ukungaziphathi kakuhle, inethiwekhi iyaqhubeka ukuze ungaze ube nexhala lokufudukela kubahlobo bakho nakubaphulaphuli uye kwelinye iqonga.

Singagqiba kwelokuba ukwabelwa kwabucala i-Intanethi, nokuba kungokunxibelelana okwabelwe amagunya kunye / okanye iiseva ezizimeleyo, yindlela elungileyo yokuhamba, kuba i-Intanethi yasimahla nevulekileyo ayinakuze isebenze ngenene ukuba iinkonzo kunye nolwakhiwo (uqhagamshelo) alunikwaswanga.

Ngapha koko, ukungathathi cala komnatha (njengesiphumo sokwabela abaphantsi amagunya) yinto ekufuneka sonke siyilwele kwaye siyikhusele izinyo kunye nesikhonkwane. Kuluxanduva lwethu ukusebenzisana ukuze iinkampani ezinkulu okanye imibutho, eyoluntu kunye neyabucala, ingayitshintshi okanye iyisebenzise. Ubundilele yeyona nto iphambili kwiwebhu, kwaye oku akunakuphoswa.