Isoftware yasimahla ezikolweni

Inqaku elilandelayo livela kumhlobo, injineli, utitshala wesayensi yeekhompyuter eChiapas, eMexico.

Namhlanje siza kujongana neenkqubo esinokuthi sizisebenzise kwinqanaba le-baccalaureate, ngakumbi indawo yekhompyuter, konke okusekwe kumava amancinci kwiseva yakho, endinethemba lokuba iya kuba luncedo kwaye inyathelo lokuqala liya kuzalwa kutitshala ngamnye. Ke ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, siqala:

 Inxalenye esemthethweni

Njengokuba wonke umntu esazi kakuhle kumaziko aseburhulumenteni, yonke isoftware efakwe kwikhompyuter kufuneka ibe neelayisensi zoqobo ukwenzela ukuthintela izohlwayo ngurhulumente okanye ngamaqumrhu ophicotho-zincwadi, iyinyani into elungileyo kuba umsebenzi wabo bonke abo badwelisi benkqubo unexabiso kwaye kuba irente. Ngethamsanqa kukho enye indlela, yasimahla, engabizi mali ininzi, kwaye inikezela ngomgangatho ofanayo neenkqubo zobunini. Ke masibone kancinci malunga:

Iprogram ekhululekile

Ligama lesoftware elihloniphayo inkululeko yabo bonke abasebenzisi abayifumeneyo imveliso, ke ngoko, yakuba ifunyenwe, inokusetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo, ikope, ifundwe, iguqulwe, iphinde isasazwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. NgokukaFree Software Foundation, isoftware yasimahla ibhekisa kwinkululeko yabasebenzisi yokubaleka, yokukopa, yokuhambisa, yokufunda, yokuguqula isoftware, kunye nokusasaza isoftware eguqulweyo.

Iqinisekisa le nkululeko ilandelayo:

Inkululeko 0: inkululeko yokusebenzisa le nkqubo, ngayo nayiphi na injongo.

Inkululeko 1: inkululeko yokufunda ukuba inkqubo isebenza njani kwaye uyiguqule, uyihlengahlengise kwiimfuno zakho.

Inkululeko 2: inkululeko yokuhambisa iikopi zenkqubo, onokunceda ngayo ummelwane wakho.

Inkululeko 3: inkululeko yokuphucula inkqubo kunye nokwenza olo phuculo eluntwini kwabanye, ukuze uluntu lonke luxhamle.

Ishishini emva kwesoftware yasimahla ibonakaliswa kukunikezelwa kweenkonzo ezongezelelweyo kwisoftware enje: ukwenziwa kwayo kunye / okanye ukufakelwa, inkxaso yezobuchwephesha, iminikelo, inkxaso-mali okanye njengenxalenye yoxanduva kwezentlalo; ngokuchaseneyo nemodeli esekwe kwilayisensi exhomekeke kwisoftware yomthombo evaliweyo.

 GNU / Linux

Elinye lamagama asetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwindibaniselwano yekernel yasimahla okanye ikernel efanayo neUnix ebizwa ngokuba yiLinux ngenkqubo ye-GNU. Uphuhliso lwayo ngomnye wemizekelo ebalaseleyo yesoftware yasimahla; yonke ikhowudi yemithombo yayo ingasetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo, iguqulwe kwaye iphinde yahanjiswa nangubani na phantsi kwemiqathango ye-GPL (i-GNU General Public License) kunye nezinye iilayisensi zasimahla.

 I-Linux inokusebenza kokubini kwimizobo nakwimowudi yeconsole. Ikhonsoli ixhaphake kunikezelo lweseva, ngelixa ujongano lomzobo lujolise kubo bobabini abasebenzisi basekhaya kunye nabamashishini. Ngokunjalo, kukwakhona iimeko zedesktop, eziziiseti zeenkqubo ezenziwe ngeewindows, ii icon kunye nokusetyenziswa okuninzi okuqhuba ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyuter. Ezona desktops zaziwayo kwi-GNU / Linux zezi: I-GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Xfce, E-17, njl.

Ngazo zonke ezi ngcaciso zimfutshane ngoku siyazi ukuba asiyonto yokuphanga isoftware ukuze sikwazi ukuphumla ngokulula kwaye sifake iinkqubo zasimahla koomatshini esikufunayo.

 Ukunqongophala kolwazi okanye ukonqena

 Ukungazi nto yinto ephambili yokungasebenzisi isoftware yasimahla, ikakhulu kungenxa yokuba amaziko aphezulu akaze asebenzise i-CD ephilayo ye-x okanye i-Linux ukusasazwa kwizifundo ezisisiseko zekhompyuter, uzikhawulela ekuchazeni ezinye iinkqubo ezisebenzayo kwithiyori nje kwaye usebenza ngeewindows, iiOfisi, iiC ++ iikhomputha, njl.

Ngelixa omnye unobangela kukonqena ngokungabaniki ukuziqhelanisa neeCD eziphilayo kuba ekholelwa ukuba ayizukusebenza kwicandelo lomsebenzi womfundi, kuba iinkqubo zobunini zisetyenziswa emsebenzini zisuka kunobhala olula ukuya kwisigqeba esiphezulu (a) abaninzi bathi ukuze siyijonge ngakumbi, kodwa ukuba yenzekile kuthi, njengakumazwe athe amkela ngokupheleleyo isoftware yasimahla, abantu abancinci baya kuba nezimvo ezisisiseko kwaye bakholelwe ukuba baya kukubulela ngokungapheliyo.

 Yintoni esinokuyenza?

 

 Kwizifundo ezisebenzisa iprosesa yamagama, ispredishithi kunye nenkcazo ngezilayidi, ishedyuli kwiinkqubo zakho zelebhu iiyure ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo ngaphambi kokuphela kwesemester. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo Isenokuba kukusebenzisa ezinye zeephakheji ezenzekelayo zeofisi que ikhona indlela freeoffice, I-Openoffice, iCaligra njl.

Ngendlela efanayo yezifundo zokuzoba i-vector ukuba esikolweni unelayisensi yeCorelDraw kulungelelwaniso lwakho lwelabhoratri ishedyuli iiyure ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo phambi kokuphela kwesemester emiselwe ukusebenza ne-Inkscape umzekelo Okanye yisebenzise njengesoftware ephambili xa ungenayo ilayisensi yeCorelDraw.

Ukuba ufundisa izifundo ezisisiseko zenzululwazi yekhompyuter, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhuphele umfanekiso we-ISO kwaye utshise enye yezi projekthi kwiCD okanye kwiDVD:

• Fedora

• Ubuntu

• Linux mint

• I-Tuquito

 Imisebenzi oza kuyiphuhlisa inokuba ngababini okanye kwisithathu, kuxhomekeke kwinani labafundi onabo kwigumbi lokufundela kunye nento ofuna ukuyichitha kwiiCD, ixesha onokuthi ulinike lo msebenzi ziiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu embindini wesemester.

Omnye umsebenzi onokwenziwa kukwabela uxwebhu lophando kwinkqubo yokusebenza yeLinux, ukuhanjiswa, izibonelelo, njl. Kwimeko apho isikolo sinazo izixhobo zekhompyutha eziphelelwe lixesha, banokubabuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo aba matshini ngokwenza iindlela zokuhambisa ukukhanya njengokukhanya Lubuntu o IPuppy Linux.

 Kwimeko yomba wokucaciswa koopopayi, nika iSynfig Studio ukuba ikhutshelwe kwikhonkco elilandelayo ithuba http://www.synfig.org/cms/en/download/ Ndingathathela ingqalelo inkqubo elungileyo efana neFlash, iiyure ezifunekayo ukuze zisebenze nenkqubo zikwindlela yokubona komcebisi wokukhetha ngaphambi kokuphela kwesemester.

 Ezinye izifundo eziza kudlala kukwenziwa kwamaphepha e-HTML, kuyo unokulandela iindlela ezimbini: incwadana yokubhala okanye isoftware yoyilo lwewebhu, ukuba ukhetha enye indlela yokuqala akukho lwaphulo-mthetho kufuneka lulandelwe kuba zonke iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zibandakanya isicatshulwa esicacileyo umhleli. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa usetyenziso olufana neDreamweaver ngokulula, ndicebisa ukuba uzame Uluhlu Iya kwenza umsebenzi olungileyo wokudibanisa amaphepha e-HTML.

Unako ukuxhasa umxholo kunye nenkqubo ye-PHP (Khuphela iXAMPPUkwenza amaphepha aguqukayo aya kunceda amakhwenkwe akho kwiiprojekthi zawo ezizayo.

 Ukuba uyoyikeka ngenkqubo kwaye ukufundeka ulwimi olutsha ukhetho Python y URuby Eziphawuleka ngokulula kwe-syntax, ziyakhawuleza ukufunda kunye neqonga, kodwa ukuba ungomnye wabo bakhetha ukufundisa indlela yakudala nge-C okanye C ++ ungafundisa abantwana bakho ngendlela efanayo Bangathanda kwiWindows, oku isifundo esincinci sokufaka unokukukhonza.

Ngokuphathelele kwizinto ezisisiseko, ungasisebenzisa isixhobo DIA ukwandiswa kwemizobo yokuhamba, kwaye ke kuthintelwe ukusebenzisa iphepha kunye neepensile.

Njengoko abafundi bam abahloniphekileyo banokuxabisa ezinye iindlela ezinikiweyo, okushiyekileyo kukunika isoftware yasimahla ithuba, ufumane wonke umdlalo onakho kubo kwaye ukhumbule ukuba ukusikelwa umda kuxhomekeke kuwe.

 Imithombo:

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU/Linux

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libre