Ufunda njani ulwimi usebenzisa isoftware yasimahla-icandelo 1

Este nqaku iya kuba kuqala a Serie apho ndiza kuchaza khona indlela yokufunda ulwimi olutsha ngendlela emnandi kunye nokusebenzisa isoftware yasimahla. Ayisiyiyo enye indlela, kodwa indlela Eyona ndlela ndiyaziyo ukufunda ulwimi, endikhe ndaluzama kwaye oloncedo olongezelelekileyo lokuba lusekwe ngokupheleleyo kwizixhobo ezisimahla nezisimahla.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba iinkqubo ezinje ngeRosetta okanye iLivemocha okanye iinkonzo ze-Busuu ezikwi-intanethi zezona zixhobo okanye iindlela zokufunda ulwimi olutsha, ndiyakuqinisekisa ukuba uyakutshintsha ingqondo.

Kuyo yonke le mfundo ibanzi, ethi ngezizathu ezithile ndithathe isigqibo sokwahlulahlulahlulahlulwa sangamacandelo aliqela, siza kuhlalutya izixhobo eziza kukunceda kwimiba eyahlukeneyo ebandakanyekayo xa ufunda ulwimi.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale

Isiqhelo esicetyiswayo ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukufunda Ialfabhethi yamazwe aphesheya (IPA, kwisivakalisi sayo kwisiNgesi). Oonobumba bavumela ukwazi ukubizwa ngokuchanekileyo kwalo naliphi na igama kulo naluphi na ulwimi. Ngapha koko, usenokuba uqaphele, kuninzi lwesichazi-magama, ukubizwa kwalo kubonakala kubhaliwe kule alfabhethi ecaleni kwegama ngalinye.

Ke, umzekelo, xa sijonga Isalathiso segama Igama lesiFrentshi "maison", oku kulandelayo kuvela: maison [mƐzÕ] kunye neenkcazo ezahlukeneyo. Ezo mpawu zinqabileyo ecaleni kwegama zibonisa, njengoko besesitshilo, ukubiza amagama ngokuchanekileyo kwi-IPA.

Ngelixa ndikholelwa ukuba ukufunda i-IPA kubalulekile, namhlanje akukho mfuneko kangako enkosi kwizixhobo ezininzi zokuguqula isicatshulwa sibe yintetho (TTS okanye Umbhalo kwiNtetho). Zininzi izixhobo zasimahla zoku, esele sihlalutye nzulu ngamanye amaxesha (Isiqendu 1, Isiqendu 2). Unokusebenzisa uMguquli kaGoogle ukuguqula isicatshulwa sibe yintetho. Konke okufuneka ukwenze kukucofa kwiqhosha ekubunjweni kwesithethi, ngezantsi kwendawo apho umbhalo oza kuguqulelwa ungeniswa khona.

Igrama

Igrama yinto encinci yokufunda ulwimi phantse wonke umntu aluthiyileyo. Nangona kunjalo, liqabane elihle kuba lenza umsebenzi wokufunda ulwimi ube lula kakhulu. Endaweni yokufunda amagama angatshatanga, sifunda ukuwasebenzisa kunye kwaye siqonde ukunxibelelana kwawo. Oku kuvumela, umzekelo, ukuba ngokufunda izimelabizo ezinxulumene nathi sinokuziqonda kunye, xa sisonke, ngaloo ndlela siphucula ukuqonda kwethu kubo kunye nokukwazi ukuzikhumbula nokuzisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukufunda igrama, kunye nokudityaniswa kwesenzi, izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo xa ufunda naluphi na ulwimi, kukho amakhulu amaphepha ewebhu akhoyo, ngakumbi ukuba ziilwimi ezidumileyo ezinje ngesiNgesi, iSpanish, isiFrentshi, isiTshayina, njl.

Ke, kweli nqanaba, azikho ezininzi izixhobo zasimahla ezinokusinceda kuba nangona singenakwenza ngaphandle kwegrama, ayikho enye indlela yokuyifunda ngaphandle kokwazi imigaqo yayo. Kwenzeka into efanayo ngokudibanisa izenzi eziqhelekileyo: ngokubanzi kufuneka uyikhumbule imigaqo yokudibanisa isiphelo ngasinye kunye nesenzi ngasinye.

Uluhlu lwamagama aqhelekileyo

Uluhlu lwamagama aphindaphindwayo kulwimi, nokuba yeyiphi na, ingumthombo obaluleke kakhulu wokufunda. Ngoba? Ngesizathu esilula sokuba inani elincinci lamagama lisetyenziswe kaninzi kuzo zonke iilwimi, kwaye ukuba uyawazi kuqala loo magama, amandla akho okufunda kunye nokuqonda aya kuba ephucuke ngokumangalisayo, esebenzise isixa esincinci soku. yexesha.

Kukho izifundo, umzekelo, ezithi awama-2000 amagama asetyenziswa kakhulu esiNgesini enza malunga nama-80% eetekisi oza kuzifumana. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba uyawazi la magama, uya kuqonda uninzi lwetekisi.

Ngokumalunga nale ngongoma, kunomdla ukukhankanya ukuba ezona zifundo zinzulu malunga "nokufumaneka kwe-lexical", ezazifuna ukucwangcisa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo ukufundiswa kolwimi njengolwimi lwasemzini, ukwahlula phakathi kwamagama aqhelekileyo kunye namagama akhoyo.

Amagama aqhelekileyo ahlaziywa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokunxibelelana, ngaphandle kwesihloko ekuxoxwe ngaso (kungoko abizwa ngokuba yimathematics). Kwelinye icala, amagama afumanekayo ahlala esetyenziswa kodwa ahlaziywa kuphela nge-thematic stimuli kwiimeko ezithile zonxibelelwano apho kufanelekileyo ukuhambisa ulwazi ngesihloko esithile (babizwa ngokuba yimixholo kuba baxhomekeke kwisihloko).

Kungenxa yesi sizathu le nto kubalulekile ukuba ufumane imithombo ETHANDAYO yamagama aqhelekileyo, angaqulathanga kuphela "amagama aqhelekileyo" (imathematics) kodwa namanye "amagama akhoyo" (okanye umxholo).

IWikipedia ngumthombo obalaseleyo wokufumana "uluhlu lwamagama ashushu" kulwimi okhangele kulo ukuze ufunde. Ngamanye amaxesha, inoluhlu oluninzi, oluvela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo (imixholo engezantsi yemovie, iWiktionary, iProjekthi Gutenberg, njl.

Ubuchule bokuntywiliselwa

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufunda ulwimi iyafana naleyo ubuyisebenzisa xa wawuncinci ukufunda ulwimi lwakho lweenkobe: ukuntywiliselwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uzame ukucinga, ukuthetha, ukufunda, ukubhala… ngegama, yenza yonke into kolo lwimi. Kungenxa yesi sizathu le nto abaninzi besithi eyona ndlela yokufunda ulwimi kukuya kwelinye ilizwe. Kulapho umntu anyanzelwayo ukuba asebenzise ulwimi, nokuba zeziphi na iimpazamo ezivakalisiweyo, njengoko senzayo sisengabantwana.

Ngethamsanqa, kukho izixhobo ezininzi zokufunda iilwimi usebenzisa le ndlela. Eyona "yendalo" ngokwembono yam kukusebenzisa izandiso zeFirefox okanye iChannel. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba uninzi lwezinto ozifundayo zikwi-Intanethi, exhaphake kakhulu namhlanje njengoko sichitha ixesha elininzi kwi-Intanethi: ukufunda iindaba, ukujonga i-imeyile, ukukhangela ulwazi, njl.

Kwi-Chrome esinayo Ukuntywiliselwa kolwimi, isongezelelo esiguqula amagama athile kunye namabinzana kwiphepha esilijongileyo kwaye siliguqulele kulwimi olukhethileyo. Nangona esi sixhobo singagxili ngokupheleleyo, sisivumela ukuba sifunde amagama ngokwendalo kwaye phantse singazi. KwiFirefox, iziphumo ezifanayo zinokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa ulwandiso olubizwa ngokuba Indawo yeFoxreplace.

Ukufezekisa amava agcweleyo okuntywila, ndicebisa isixhobo esintsonkothe ​​ngakumbi kodwa nesinamandla kakhulu esibizwa Ukufunda ngeZibhalo (okanye i-LWT).

Ukufunda ngeZibhalo

Umbono wale nkqubo ulula kakhulu: eyona ndlela yokufunda ulwimi olutsha kukufunda… kwaye ukuba ngoncedo lwale nkqubo, kubangcono kakhulu.

Masithi sifunda incwadi. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa sifunda ulwimi olutsha into esiyenzayo kukukrwela amagama esingaziyo emva koko sibajonge kwisichazi-magama. Okokugqibela, sidibanisa uluhlu olunamagama amatsha kunye neentsingiselo zawo kwaye sazama ukuwankqaya ngandlela thile.

I-LWT inoxanduva lokuququzelela le nkqubo. Umbono kukukhuphela isicatshulwa kwiwebhu kwaye unamathisele kwinkqubo. Ke, xa "sifunda" isicatshulwa, kufuneka siklikhe kumagama esingaziyo ukongeza inkcazo yawo. Oku kuyondla uluhlu lwethu lwamagama amatsha, kodwa eyona nto inomdla kukuba ziya kuvela ngokuzenzekelayo ziphawulwe kwizicatshulwa ezilandelayo esizincamathisela kwi-LWT kwaye siya kuba nakho ukufikelela kwiintsingiselo zazo ngelixa sifunda. Isiphene ekuphela kwento endiyifumeneyo kule nkqubo kukuba, okwangoku, ayizamkeli izinto eziguquguqukayo zamagama (isini, inani, ukudibanisa izenzi, njl.njl. : "indlu", "izindlu", njl.).

Kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba i-LWT ikuvumela ukuba ukhangele ngokuzenzekelayo kwizichazi-magama ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo, kwaye into emangazayo kukuba zezona sizithandayo. Ukwenza oku, ikuvumela ukuba uqwalasele i-URL yokukhangela kwizichazi magama. Kananjalo, ngokungathi ayonelanga, ikuvumela ukuba uguqule isivakalisi usebenzisa uMguquli kaGoogle. Olu lukhetho olulungileyo xa umxholo wegama ubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda intsingiselo yawo yokwenyani.

Ngokunjalo, i-LWT ikuvumela ukuba uncamathisele isandi kwisicatshulwa ngasinye. Ngale ndlela, ukuba sinesandi kunye nokukhuphela kwayo, sinokufunda isicatshulwa ngelixa simamele. I-LWT ide ikuvumele ukuba uhambise phambili iaudiyo kwaye isithathe ngqo kwindawo yokubhaliweyo. Eyona nto ilahlekileyo ukuze ibe sisixhobo esifanelekileyo iya kuba kukukwazi ukutshintsha isantya sokudlala, esiluncedo kakhulu kwimeko yokuba umntu ofunda isicatshulwa akwenze ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.

Kufuneka iqatshelwe ukuba umthombo wee-audios + ezibhaliweyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngu LingQ. Ndiyifumanisa inqongophele, kuba ndikhetha iitekisi ezinde, kodwa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kwabo baqala ukuqala.

Okokugqibela, i-LWT inecandelo lokufunda amagama isebenzisa indlela "ephindaphindeneyo" (Ukuphindaphinda phakathi). Ngamagama, le ndlela isekwe kwinkqubo yakudala yamakhadi (apho sibeka khona igama eliza kufundwa kwelinye icala kunye nentsingiselo kwelinye) umahluko wokuba amaza esiwabonayo asekwe kuwo Imithetho yokubamba esiza kuthetha ngayo nzulu kwisahluko esilandelayo, xa sithetha ngoAnki.

Ngokubanzi, i-LWT ikuvumela ukuba ungeze izicatshulwa, ukongeza amagama kunye neenkcazo zazo, umamele izicatshulwa kunye nokubizwa kwamagama, ufunde kwakhona izicatshulwa ngokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiingcaciso zamagama kwaye ubone njengoko sifunda amagama esaziyo ngakumbi kwaye kuncinci. Njengokuba konke oku kwakungonelanga, kuyakuvumela ukuba ufunde amagama asekwe kwimigaqo ye-mnemonic. Ngaphandle kokuthetha, ixhasa iilwimi EZININZI kwaye ivumela ukongeza kungekuphela amagama kodwa kunye namabinzana kunye namabinzana, ukudibanisa kuwo onke umxholo okanye isivakalisi apho kongezwa khona ekuqaleni.

Ukuqonda ngcono ukusebenza kwayo okwenyani kunye nokusebenza, ndicebisa ukubukela le vidiyo ilandelayo.

Faka iLWT

I-LWT yisoftware yasimahla kwaye isekwe kubuchwepheshe basimahla obufana ne-HTML, CSS, Javascript, JQuery, njl. Oku kunezibonelelo zako, kungekuphela "kokuziphatha" kodwa kukwasebenza. Ukuba yinkonzo yewebhu, inokusetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ngesizathu esifanayo, kufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe iserver yewebhu ukuze isebenze.

Nazi ezinye iindlela ezimbini:

a) Lungiselela iserver yewebhu, eya kuthi isenze sikwazi ukufikelela kwi-LWT kuwo nawuphi na umatshini, naphina emhlabeni. Ngemiyalelo engaphezulu yendlela yokwenza, ndicebisa ukuba ufunde Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-LWT.

b) Qwalasela iseva yendawo, eya kuthi isivumele ukuba singene kwi-LWT kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyuter okanye isixhobo esixhumeke kwinethiwekhi yethu yendawo.

Kwimeko yam ekhethekileyo, ukhetho b) lolona lufanele iimfuno zam.

Faka ifayile ye- webhusebhu yomncedisi KwiLinux yeyona nto ilula emhlabeni:

1.- Ukukhuphela XAMPP yeLinux.

2.- Unzip kwi / opt kwifolda

ithavvz xampp-linux-1.8.1.tar.gz -C / opt

3.- Qalisa i-XAMPP. Oku kuyakuqala i-Apache kunye ne-MySQL.

Isudo / opt / isibane / isibane sokuqalisa

Umyalezo ofana noku kulandelayo kufuneka uvele:

Ukuqala i-XAMPP 1.8.1 ... LAMPP: Ukuqala i-Apache ... LAMPP: Ukuqala i-MySQL ... i-LAMPP iqalile.

Ukuba sikubona kufanelekile, sinokwenza ikhonkco elithambileyo ukuqhuba ukwenziwa kwalo:

ln -s / opt / lampp / lampp / usr / bin / xampp

Ke, kuya kwanela ukuphumeza Isudo xampp ukuqala ngaphandle kokukhumbula indawo okuyo.

En igophe kunye neziphumo, kunokwenzeka ukufaka i-XAMPP usebenzisa inkqubo efanayo, nangona kukho indlela elula:

Yourt -S xampp

kwaye emva koko

Isudo xampp ukuqala

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into isebenza ngokuchanekileyo, vula ibrawuza yakho ye-Intanethi kwaye uchwetheze: localhost. Kuya kufuneka sibone iphepha loqwalaselo lweXAMPP.

Iphepha eliphambili leXAMPP.

4.- Okokugqibela ekuphela kwento engekhoyo yile khuphela i-LWT, unzip kwaye uyikope kwifolda ye-htdocs ngaphakathi kwesikhombisi apho i-XAMPP ikhoyo (/ opt / isibane)

Ungayikhupha ifayile kumgca wokuyalela

Isudo unzip lwt_v_1_4_9.zip -d / opt / lampp / htdocs

okanye usebenzisa iFayileRoller okanye efanayo.

5.- Qamba kwakhona ifayile connect_xampp.inc.php

mv qhagamshela_xampp.inc.php qhagamshela.inc.php

6.- Ndavula isikhangeli sakho kwi-Intanethi ndaza ndabhala: yenginginya / lwt. Voila!

Sebenzisa i-LWT

I-LWT inomdla kwaye ayifuni nkcazo ingako.

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwimi esifuna ukulufunda luluhlu lwecandelo IiLwimi zam. Ukuba akunjalo, cofa nje Ulwimi olutsha. Emva koko, kufuneka sikhethe kuphela ulwimi esifuna ukulifunda njengolungagqibekanga. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ucofe kwiimpawu zokujonga eziluhlaza ezibonakala ecaleni kolwimi.

Ke kuya kufuneka ufikelele kwifayile ye- imenyu ephambili> Iitekisi zam> Umbhalo omtsha ukongeza izicatshulwa ezintsha. Emva kokuba isicatshulwa songezwa, cofa kwi icon emile kwincwadi. Ukuhamba ngaphezulu kwe icon ithi funda. Ngokuchanekileyo, ukucofa kuya kuvula isicatshulwa kwaye sinokuqala ukongeza imigaqo ngokulula ngokunqakraza kumagama.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukongeza iinkcazo ngesandla, ingcebiso yam yile, njengoko benditshilo ekuqaleni, ukusebenzisa uluhlu lwamagama rhoqo. Ewe sinokuqhubeka nokongeza amagama amatsha kamva.

Oku akunyanzelekanga, kodwa sisindululo nje. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba uyenze le nto usebenzisa i-LWT. Nangona kunjalo, iyahambelana noko besikuthethile ekuqaleni kweli nqaku: ukuba uqala ngokufunda amagama aqhele ukusetyenziswa, uya kuba nakho ukuqonda imibhalo kulwimi olufunda ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Ukuze ungenise uluhlu lwamagama aqhelekileyo kwi-LWT, kubalulekile ukuguqula uluhlu olufumaneka kwiWikipedia okanye abanye ukuba babhale iifayile ezahlulwe ngeekoma (CSV). Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokwenza, ndicebisa ukuba ufunde Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-LWT, ngakumbi icandelo Imigaqo yokungenisa.

Yintoni ezayo, ezayo ...

Kumaxhala, silindele ukuba kwi izahluko ezilandelayo Siza kubona ezinye izixhobo ezinamandla kakhulu zokufunda ulwimi olutsha, phakathi kwazo okubalaseleyo u-Anki. Siza kubona indlela yokuvumelanisa i-LWT kunye ne-Anki.

Ungalibali ukushiya izimvo zakho kunye nezindululo kunye / okanye amava kwezinye iinkqubo ukongeza kwizahluko ezilandelayo.