Ukuba ukhe wabhala, wakhuphela, okanye wavula i Iscript esibhaliweyo, ngokuqinisekileyo uye wadibana nomgca wokuqala ongaqhelekanga ongenguye wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba uthetha ukuthini nokuba kutheni ufanele ubekwe apho. Ndibhekisa kwi #!/bin/bash. Ewe, kweli nqaku uya kukwazi zonke iinkcukacha malunga nokuba kubizwa ntoni, yintoni na, kwaye ukuba ihlala ifana okanye kukho utshintsho oluthile.
Yintoni ulwimi olutolikwayo?
Un Utoliko lwenkqubo yolwimi yinto engadingi kuqulunqwa ukuze iqhutywe, kodwa inokuqhutywa ngokuthe ngqo kwikhowudi yomthombo usebenzisa itoliki, engeyonto ngaphandle kweprogram enokuguqulela ikhowudi kwimiyalelo eqondakalayo kumatshini. Oku kuzisa iingenelo ezithile:
- Iqonga elininzi: njengoko kungeyona ibhinari, inokuqhutywa kwiiplatifti ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa, okuyinzuzo ecacileyo ukuba sifuna ukuba ikhowudi isebenze kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo.
- Ukuthwala: ukuba itoliki ilungele iqonga, ngoko iskripthi esitolikiweyo okanye ulwimi luya kusebenza kwelo qonga.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi lwimi zitolikwa nazo iziphene zayo:
- Omnye wabo ukusebenza, njengoko befuna itoliki esoloko ibaleka ngasemva ukuze isebenze.
- Zenzele ukuxhomekeka yetoliki.
Njengomzekelo we Iilwimi ezitolikwa Ezinye zingakhankanywa, ezifana neJava, i-C #, iJavaScript, i-Visual Basic .NET kunye ne-VBScript, i-Perl, i-Python, i-Lips, i-Ruby, i-PHP, i-ASP, njl.
Yintoni iskripthi?
Un iskripthi yikhowudi nje yenziwe ngolwimi lwenkqubo olutolikwayo ukwenza umsebenzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo elula, enesiganeko semiyalelo okanye imiyalelo eyenziwa ngokulandelelanayo.
Yintoni #!/bin/bash (shebang)?
Ekugqibeleni, umxholo weli nqaku ngulo edumileyo #!/bin/bash, eyaziwa ngentetho ye-Unix njengeShebang. Nangona oku kuyeyona nto ixhaphakileyo, akusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuyisebenzisa ukuze iskripthi sisebenze. Ezinye iiprojekthi nazo zineeShebangs zazo, ezinje nge #!/usr/bin/env python3, #!/bin/sh, njl.
Injongo ye shebang inika umendo opheleleyo weqokobhe, ukuze ibekwe naphi na apho iskripthi siqhutywa khona. Kwakhona, njengoko ubona, kungekhona kuphela indlela echazwe kuyo, kodwa kunye netoliki, kule meko iBash, iPython 3, kunye nezinye iitoliki zokusebenza.