Kusukela ngo-2035, awekho amasekhondi engeziwe azongezwa ukuvumelanisa amawashi nesikhathi sezinkanyezi.
Ku-General Conference on Weights and Measures, kwanqunywa, kusukela okungenani ngo-2035, ukuba kuyekwe ukuvumelanisa ngezikhathi ezithile kwamawashi e-athomu. yereferensi yomhlaba ngesikhathi sezinkanyezi Zomhlaba.
Lokhu kungenxa yokungafani kokuzungeza komhlaba, amawashi ezinkanyezi angemuva kancane kwalawo ayisithenjwa, kanye nokuvumelanisa isikhathi esiqondile, kusukela ngo-1972, amawashi e-athomu ayemiswa ngomzuzwana njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ngokushesha nje lapho umehluko phakathi kwereferensi nesikhathi sewashi lezinkanyezi ufinyelela imizuzwana engu-0,9 (ukulungiswa kokugcina kwalolu hlobo kwakuyiminyaka engu-8 edlule).
Manje, kusukela ngo-2035, ukuvumelanisa kuzophela futhi umehluko phakathi kwe-Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) nesikhathi sezinkanyezi (UT1, okusho isikhathi selanga) uzonqwabelana.
Indaba yokumisa ukungezwa kwesekhondi eyengeziwe kuxoxwe ngayo ku-International Bureau of Weights and Measures kusukela ngo-2005, kodwa isinqumo sihlehliswe njalo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukunyakaza kokuzungeza koMhlaba kuncipha kancane kancane ngenxa yethonya lamandla adonsela phansi eNyanga, futhi izikhawu phakathi kokuvumelanisa ziyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isibonelo, uma amandla aguquguqukayo ayegcinwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-2000, umuntu kwakuzodingeka alinde. umzuzwana omusha ozongezwa inyanga ngayinye.
Ukuchezuka kumapharamitha wokuzungezisa Umhlaba akuhleliwe ngokwemvelo futhi ukuguqulwa kwayo, okuphawulwe eminyakeni yamuva, kungaholela esidingweni sokungangezi, kodwa ukususa umzuzwana owengeziwe.
Njengenye indlela yokuvumelanisa kwesibili nesekhondi, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuvumelanisa nokunqwabelana kwezinguquko kucatshangwa ngomzuzu o-1 noma ihora eli-1, okuzodinga ukulungiswa kwesikhathi njalo emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Isinqumo sokugcina sendlela yokuvumelanisa eyengeziwe kulindeleke ukuthi senziwe ngaphambi kuka-2026.
Isinqumo sokumisa isikhathi ngomzuzwana kwaba ngenxa yezingqinamba eziningi ezinhlelweni zesoftware okuhlobene neqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi sokuvumelanisa imizuzwana engama-61 yavela komunye wemizuzu. Ngo-2012, ukuvumelanisa okunjalo kubangele ukwehluleka okukhulu kumasistimu eseva aye alungiselelwa ukuvumelanisa isikhathi esiqondile kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi ye-NTP.
Ngenxa yokungafuni ukuphatha ukubonakala kwesekhondi elengeziwe, amanye amasistimu abhajwa ku-loop futhi aqala ukusebenzisa izinsiza ze-CPU ezingadingekile. Ekuvumelaniseni okulandelayo, okwenzeka ngo-2015, kubonakala sengathi isipiliyoni esibuhlungu esidlule sacatshangelwa, kodwa ku-linux kernel, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala, kutholakale iphutha (kulungiswe ngaphambi kokuvumelanisa), okubangele ukuthi ezinye izibali sikhathi zisebenze isekhondi elilodwa ngaphambi kweshejuli.
Yize ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuzungeza komhlaba kuhamba kancane ngenxa yokudonsa kweNyanga, ukusheshisa kusukela ngo-2020 nakho kwenze inkinga yacindezela kakhulu ngoba, okokuqala ngqa, kungase kudingeke kususwe isekhondi eligxumayo, esikhundleni sokwengezwa. UTC bekufanele wehlise ijubane umzuzwana nje ukuze ulinde uMhlaba, ungeqi ukuze ubambe. "Kuchazwa njengenkinga ye-Y2K, ngoba yinto esingakaze sibhekane nayo," kusho u-Donley, eqondisa iziphazamisi zekhompyutha okwakulindeleke ukuthi zenzeke ekuqaleni kwawo-2000.
Kusukela amaseva amaningi e-NTP asesidlangalaleni ayaqhubeka nokunikeza isekhondi eyengeziwe njengoba injalo, ngaphandle kokulifiphaza ochungechungeni lwezikhawu, ukuvumelanisa ngakunye kwewashi lesithenjwa kuthathwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo esingalindelekile (esikhathini kusukela ekuvunyelanisweni kokugcina, bayakwazi ukukhohlwa ngenkinga futhi basebenzise ikhodi engasinaki isici ku- umbuzo).
Izinkinga nazo ziyavela ezinhlelweni zezezimali nezimboni, ezidinga ukulandelelwa kwesikhathi okunembile kwezinqubo zomsebenzi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amaphutha ahlotshaniswa nomzuzwana owengeziwe awabonakali kuphela ngesikhathi sokuvumelanisa, kodwa futhi nangezinye izikhathi, isibonelo, iphutha kukhodi ukulungisa ukubukeka komzuzwana owengeziwe ku-GPSD kubangele ukushintsha kwesikhathi kwamaviki angu-1024. ngo-Okthoba 2021. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi yikuphi okudidayo ongakwengezi kukho, kodwa ukususa isekhondi kungaholela.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukunqanyulwa kokuvumelanisa kune-drawback, engathinta ukusebenza kwezinhlelo eziklanyelwe izikhathi ezifanayo ze-UTC ne-UT1. Izinkinga zingavela kusayensi yezinkanyezi (isibonelo, lapho ulungisa izibonakude) kanye nezinhlelo zesathelayithi.
Umthombo: https://www.nature.com/