Uhulumeni waseShayina usheshise ngokungalindelekile isu lakhe lokuzimela kwedijithali ekuphathweni komphakathi. Ngesiqondiso esikhishwe yi-Ministry of State Security , iziphathimandla ziyale izinhlangano ezahlukene ezixhumene nemishini kahulumeni ukuthi zikhiphe ngokushesha i-Windows 10 Government Edition ezindaweni zazo zokusebenza.
Lesi sinyathelo siphambene nohlelo olusemthethweni olwalucabanga ngokuhoxiswa kancane kancane okwakuhlelwe ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2027, okuletha isikhathi esinqunyiwe ezinyangeni zokugcina zika-2026. Izizathu zigxile ekuvikelweni kwedatha kanye nokuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kolwazi oluyimfihlo.
Ukusabela kwezimakethe zezimali kuleli lizwe lase-Asia kwenzeke ngokushesha ngemva kokumenyezelwa komyalelo kangqongqoshe. Amasheya ezinkampani ezinkulu ezigxile ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe yengqalasizinda yendawo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza abone ukwanda okukhulu kwi-Shanghai Stock Exchange.
Abathengisi abanjengoHunan Kylinsec no-Archermind bafinyelele umkhawulo wansuku zonke ongu-20% ovunyelwe yi-stock exchange, kuyilapho i-China National Software ibone ukwanda okungu-10%. Abahlaziyi bomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe bachaza lokhu kuziphatha njengokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufaka esikhundleni sobuchwepheshe baseNtshonalanga ngezinketho zasekhaya ezivulekile kuzoyeka ukuba yisincomo sobuchwepheshe futhi kube yisibopho sesikhungo.
Ukukhanya kwe-Windows 10
I-Windows 10 China Government Edition yavela ezivumelwaneni ezasayinwa ngo-2016 ngokudalwa kwe-CMIT (C&M Information Technologies), okuyibhizinisi elihlangene phakathi kweMicrosoft kanye nenkampani kahulumeni i-China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC). Umgomo walo mfelandawonye kwakuwukuvumelanisa i-Windows 10 Enterprise nemithethonqubo yokuphepha yaseBeijing . Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, izinsizakalo zamafu ezifana ne-OneDrive zasuswa, izici ze-telemetry ezisizayo zashiywa, kwaqaliswa ama-algorithms okubethela aseShayina, futhi ukuphathwa kwe-patch kanye nokusebenza kwadluliselwa kumaseva endawo alawulwa ngaphakathi kwezwe.
Naphezu kwalezi zivumelwano, ipulatifomu yehlulekile ukunciphisa ukungathembani kukahulumeni waseShayina . Lapho ibuzwa nge-oda lokususa, iMicrosoft ithe ibingazi nganoma yiziphi izehlakalo zokuphepha ezithinta lo mkhiqizo othize futhi yaqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlelo luyaqhubeka nokuthola ama-patches okusekela avamile. Kodwa-ke, eBeijing, ukuphela komjikelezo wokuphila wokusekela ojwayelekile we-Windows 10 ngo-2025 kanye nokuthembela ezinhlelweni ze-Extended Support Units (ESU) kuze kube ngu-2027 kuye kwenza buthakathaka izizathu zokugcina isofthiwe yangaphandle ezinhlelweni ezibalulekile zikahulumeni, okwaholela ekubeni bakhethe ukususwa ngenkani ngaphambi kokuba umjikelezo wokuphila womkhiqizo uphele.
UKylin no-UOS
Ukususwa kweWindows kuvula indlela yokusatshalaliswa kweLinux okwenzelwe ngqo imikhakha yomphakathi neyangasese yaseShayina. Abantu abaphambili abazongenela lo msebenzi yiKylin OS kanye ne-UnionTech OS (UOS).
I-Kylin, eyathuthukiswa yi-Kylin Software, inamandla kakhulu kumaseva ezinkampani kanye nama-desktop , futhi inikeza nohlobo oluvulekile, oluqhutshwa umphakathi olubizwa nge-openKylin. I-UOS, eyathuthukiswa yi-UnionTech, isekelwe ku-Debian futhi isebenzisa indawo yedeskithophu ye-Deepin, elungiselelwe izindawo zehhovisi likahulumeni. I-Huawei nayo iyathuthuka nge-HarmonyOS yamakhompyutha omuntu siqu, yize ukuthunyelwa kwayo kwezikhungo kungathuthuki kangako uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo ezisekelwe ku-Linux.
Uhulumeni waseShayina ubelokhu ehlanganisa ukwamukelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhiqizwe ngaphakathi nehadiwe eyenziwe endaweni, njengochungechunge lwe-Huawei lwe-Qingyun lwama-laptop asebenza ku-chipset ye-Kirin. Umgomo oshiwo wezikhungo zikahulumeni ukuvala igebe lokulawula kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-microprocessor, uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zonke zihlangabezana nokuhlolwa okuqinile kwezokuphepha kwasekhaya.
Izinselele kanye nobubanzi bangempela
Ukufuduka okuphoqelekile ezikhungweni zikahulumeni akunazo izinkinga ezinkulu. Ukushintsha uhlelo lokusebenza kudinga ukuhlola abashayeli bezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindala, ukubhala kabusha amathuluzi okuphatha angaphakathi athuthukiswe kuphela i-Windows API, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana namafomethi ajwayelekile, nokuqeqesha inani elikhulu labasebenzi bokuphatha. Noma kunjalo, uMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwezwe ubonakala ubheka lezi zindleko zokushintsha njengezamukelekayo uma ubheka ingozi abayibeka ekugcineni izinhlelo zaseNtshonalanga eminyangweni yamasu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi siqondiso sikahulumeni asisho ukuthi iWindows izovinjelwa ngokuphelele emakethe yabantu baseShayina. Emkhakheni wasekhaya kanye namabhizinisi azimele, izinhlelo zeMicrosoft ziyaqhubeka nokubusa imakethe yedeskithophu ngesabelo esingaphezu kuka-85%, kanti izinhlelo ezilungisiwe ezisemthethweni ezifana neWindows 11 Home China zisatholakala. I-oda likangqongqoshe ligxile kuphela ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni , izinhlangano zikahulumeni, kanye nemikhakha ebalulekile yengqalasizinda, lapho uhulumeni kanye nesofthiwe yabantu baseShayina zizosebenza ezindaweni zemvelo ezihlukene ngokuphelele.
Okokugcina, uma unesithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe, ungathola imininingwane kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.