Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule sishicilele izindaba mayelana nombiko owakhishwa mayelana nokukhathazeka kwezinkampani eziningi mayelana nokuthembeka komthombo ovulekile futhi manje i-DARPA, uphiko locwaningo lwezempi yase-US, imemezele ukuthi "ikhathazekile ngokuthembeka komthombo ovulekile" futhi ithi ifuna ukuqonda uhlelo lwezobuchwepheshe olubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Abanye abahlaziyi bacabanga ukuthi kuwukweqisa ukusho ukuthi umthombo ovulekile usebenza kuwo wonke amakhompyutha emhlabeni futhi ugcina ingqalasizinda ebalulekile isebenza.
Ngokusho kombiko omusha ovela enkampanini yokuphepha yabathuthukisi i-Snyk kanye ne-Linux Foundation, amabhizinisi angu-41% awanalo izinga eliphezulu lokuzethemba ekuphepheni kwesofthiwe yawo evulekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi kuveza izingozi ezinkulu. Iningi lempucuko yanamuhla lithembele emzimbeni okhula njalo wekhodi evulekile ngoba igcina imali, iheha ithalente, futhi yenza imisebenzi eminingi ibe lula.
"Ima kancane, konke esikwenzayo kusebenza ku-Linux," kusho u-Dave Aitel, umcwaningi we-cybersecurity kanye nososayensi wangaphambili wezokuphepha kwekhompyutha we-NSA. “Abantu sebeyabona manje,” usho kanje. “Akulona ihaba ukusho ukuthi wonke umuntu usekelwe ku-Linux kernel, nakuba abantu abaningi bengakaze bezwe ngayo. »
“Abathuthukisi be-software namuhla banamaketanga abo okuhlinzeka. Esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa izingxenye zemoto, bahlanganisa ikhodi ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezikhona zomthombo ovulekile nekhodi yazo eyingqayizivele. Nakuba lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kokukhiqiza nokusungula izinto ezintsha, kuphinde kwadala izinkinga zokuphepha ezibalulekile,” kusho uMatt Jarvis, uMqondisi Wezobudlelwano Bonjiniyela kwa-Snyk.
I-Linux kernel ingenye yezinhlelo zokuqala ukulayisha lapho amakhompyutha amaningi evuliwe. Ivumela ihadiwe yomshini ukuthi ihlanganyele nesofthiwe, ilawule ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, futhi yakha isisekelo sesistimu yokusebenza. Kuyisakhiwo sayo yonke ikhompyutha yamafu, cishe wonke amakhompuyutha amakhulu, I-inthanethi Yezinto yonke, izigidigidi zama-smartphone, nokunye.
Kodwa i-kernel nayo ingumthombo ovulekile, okusho ukuthi noma ubani angabhala, afunde, futhi asebenzise ikhodi yayo. Futhi lokho kubakhathaza kakhulu ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-cyber. Uhlobo lwayo lomthombo ovulekile lusho ukuthi i-kernel ye-Linux, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezibalulekile zomthombo ovulekile, isengozini yokuphathwa kabi ngezindlela esisanda kuqala ukuziqonda.
Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bubalulekile emphakathini wethu, kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi, uma kubhekwa okungenhla, ukuntuleka kokuqonda ukuphepha kwe-kernel kusho ukuthi asikwazi ukuvikela ingqalasizinda ebalulekile. Namuhla, i-DARPA ifuna ukuqonda ikhodi kanye nokuguquguquka komphakathi okwenza la maphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile asebenze , ukuze iqonde kangcono izingozi ezibhekene nazo.
Umgomo ukuhlonza ngempumelelo abenzi bobubi nokubavimbela ekuphazamiseni noma ekonakaliseni ikhodi yomthombo ovulekile ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba sekwephuze kakhulu. Uhlelo lwe-DARPA lwe-SocialCyber luyiphrojekthi yezinyanga ezingu-18, ebiza izigidi zamaRandi ezohlanganisa isayensi yezenhlalo kanye nentuthuko yakamuva kwezobuchwepheshe ekuhlakanipheni okwenziwe ukuze kudwetshwe, kuqondwe, futhi kuvikelwe umphakathi omkhulu wesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile kanye nekhodi abayidalayo.
Le phrojekthi ihlukile ocwaningweni oluningi lwangaphambilini ngoba ihlanganisa ukuhlaziya amakhodi okuzenzakalelayo kanye nobukhulu bomphakathi besofthiwe yamahhala.
I-DARPA iqashe amaqembu amaningana, okuhlanganisa nemihlangano yokucwaninga yezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi emincane enamakhono ajulile obuchwepheshe. Omunye wabaqalisi abanjalo yi-Margin Research ese-New York, ehlanganise ithimba labacwaningi abahlonishwayo kakhulu kulo msebenzi. I-Margin Research igxile ku-kernel ye-Linux ngokwengxenye ngoba inkulu futhi ibalulekile kangangokuthi impumelelo lapha kuleli zinga isho ukuthi impumelelo ingenzeka kwenye indawo.
Umgomo ukuhlaziya ikhodi kanye nomphakathi ukuze ekugcineni ubone ngeso lengqondo futhi uqonde yonke i-ecosystem . Umsebenzi we-Margin usiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ubani osebenza kuziphi izingxenye ezithile zamaphrojekthi esofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile. Isibonelo, i-Huawei okwamanje ingumnikeli omkhulu ku-kernel ye-Linux. Omunye umnikeli usebenzela i-Positive Technologies, inkampani yaseRussia yokuphepha kwe-cyber, efana ne-Huawei, evunyelwe uhulumeni wase-US, kusho i-Aitel. I-Margin iphinde yahlela ikhodi ebhalwe ngabasebenzi be-NSA, abaningi babo abahileleke kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene omthombo ovulekile.
“Lesi sihloko siyangijabulisa,” kusho u-Antoine mayelana nokufuna ukuqonda kangcono ukunyakaza komthombo ovulekile, “ngoba uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ngisho nezinto ezilula zibonakala zizintsha kubantu abaningi ababalulekile. Uhulumeni usanda kuqaphela ukuthi ingqalasizinda yethu ebalulekile isebenzisa ikhodi engabhalwa izinhlangano ezijezisiwe. Khona manje."
Ukwenza lokhu, abacwaningi bazosebenzisa amathuluzi afana nokuhlaziya imizwa ukuze bahlaziye ukusebenzisana komphakathi phakathi kwemithombo yomthombo ovulekile, njengohlu lwamakheli e-Linux kernel, okufanele lusize ukukhomba ukuthi ubani omuhle noma owakhayo nokuthi ubani omubi futhi olimazayo.
Abacwaningi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezehlakalo kanye nokuziphatha okungaphazamisa noma kulimaze imiphakathi yesofthiwe yamahhala, amalungu athembekile, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amaqembu athile adinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lezi zimpendulo zizimele ngempela. Kodwa okwamanje, zimbalwa izindlela zokuzithola.
Umthombo: https://www.darpa.mil