El umqondo wesistimu yesikhathi sangempela Akuyona into ebicatshangwa eminyakeni yamuva nje ku-Linux, kusukela umqondo walokhu yaqala cishe eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, ukuze ibe ncamashi ngo-2005 njengengxenye yephrojekthi ye-“Realtime-Preempt” (“-rt”) ngokuthuthukiswa kwemodi ye-PREEMPT_RT ye-Linux kernel.
Kulabo abangazi I-PREEMPT_RT, kufanele bakwazi lokho yisiqephu ye-Linux kernelfuthi iguqule isistimu yokusebenza ibe eyesikhathi sangempela (isikhathi sangempela). Umgomo oyinhloko we-PREEMPT_RT uwukunciphisa ukubambezeleka nokuqinisekisa ukubikezelwa ekwenzeni umsebenzi, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga izimpendulo ezisheshayo.
Ngamagama alula, singasho ukuthi PREEMPT_RT ivumela cishe zonke izingxenye ze-kernel ukuthi ziphazamiseke, okunciphisa ukubambezeleka. Ngokungafani ne-kernel evamile, akuzona zonke izigaba ezingaphazanyiswa, ezingabangela ukubambezeleka ezikhathini zokuphendula.
Kusukela ngo-2015 le phrojekthi ibingaphansi kokuqondisa kwe-Linux Foundation futhi kuze kube manje, ukusetshenziswa kwemodi ye-PREEMPT_RT kunikezwe ngendlela yamapeshi angaphandle. Ngokusekelwe kulawa mapeshi, ukusatshalaliswa okufana I-RHEL, i-SUSE kanye no-Ubuntu benze izinhlelo zesikhathi sangempela zemikhiqizo yabo, okufunwa kakhulu emikhakheni efana nezinhlelo zezimali, amadivaysi okucubungula alalelwayo namavidiyo, amasistimu ezindiza, imithi, amarobhothi, ezokuxhumana kanye nezicelo zezimboni, lapho kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izikhathi zokuphendula ezibikezelwayo zemicimbi.
En 2019 inqubo yokuphromotha yaqala kwamapeshi athuthukiswe kuphrojekthi ye-PREEMPT_RT ku-Linux kernel eyinhloko. Kunguqulo ye-kernel 5.3, inketho ye-PREEMPT_RT ifakiwe kufayela lokumisa ukuze kunikwe amandla imodi yesikhathi sangempela.
Amabhithi wokuphrinta adingekayo ku-PREEMPT_RT atholakala ku-linux-okulandelayo. Lokhu kube yisithiyo sokugcina esaziwayo se-PREEMPT_RT. Ulayini we-RT unayo futhi "i-atomic console" ye-UART 8250 engakangeni i-linux-okulandelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuziphatha "kwekhonsoli yefa" njengokungaphrinti kusuka umongo we-athomu ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Isilawuli se-8250 UART yiso sodwa ehlinzeka ngokusekelwa "kwe-atomic console" namuhla.
Konke lo msebenzi usuzothela izithelo, njengoba ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kwezinguquko ezidingekayo kuthathe iminyaka emihlanu futhi sekuzophela, njengoba kulindeleke ukuthi kunguqulo 6.12, i-kernel ingahlanganiswa ngemodi ye-PREEMPT_RT ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa ama-patches engeziwe.
Kushiwo ukuthi isithiyo sokugcina okuvimbele i-PREEMPT_RT ukuthi inikwe amandla kwaba ukushoda kwe ukusekelwa kokukhipha okungavimbi kwe-athomu kusetshenziswa umsebenzi wokuphrinta. Lokhu kusebenza sekuvele kwaba khona yamukelwe egatsheni le-linux-elilandelayo. Ukwengeza, ikhonsoli ye-athomu engavimbeli isalinde ukuqaliswa kwesilawuli se-8250 UART, ukungabi khona kwayo okwamanje okuvimbela ukukhishwa kwemilayezo ephuthumayo ku-console kusukela kukhodi ekhishwe kuzimo ze-athomu.
Ngokuhlanganisiwe kwamabhithi wokuphrinta, i-PREEMPT_RT inganikwa amandla ku-X86, ARM64 kanye no-Risc-V. Lezi zakhiwo ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe zazidinga izinguquko phakathi neminyaka.
iminyaka, ingishiya ngisesimweni lapho ngingenazo izinguquko ezibalulekile ku
ulayini ongabathinta. I-ARM ne-POWERPC zinamapheshana abalulekile asele…
Abathuthukisi be-Linux kernel bamemezele ukuhlanganiswa kwezinguquko ezidingekayo zakamuva egatsheni le-linux-next, ezosetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa inguqulo 6.12. Lezi zinguquko zizovumela i-kernel ukuthi ihlanganiswe nenketho ye-PREEMPT_RT, eyethula amakhono esikhathi sangempela.
Uma lezi zinguquko sezamukelwe egatsheni eliyinhloko, imodi ye-PREEMPT_RT Izotholakala ngezakhiwo ze-X86, ARM64 kanye ne-RISC-V. Ukusekelwa kwezakhiwo ze-ARM kanye ne-POWERPC kuzongezwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba iziqephu ezidingekayo azikakahlanganiswa ngokugcwele.
Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi izinguquko ezihlongozwayo azikapheli futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uma i-PREEMPT_RT ingafiki egatsheni le-6.12, izohlanganiswa kuze kube unyaka ozayo enguqulweni engu-6.13.
Ekugcineni, uma unentshisekelo yokwazi kabanzi ngakho, ungabheka imininingwane kufayela le- isixhumanisi esilandelayo.