Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu yentuthuko, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule kwethulwe uhlobo olusha lweLua 5.4 kwethulwe, okuwulimi lwezinhlelo zokubumbana nolusheshayo olusetshenziswa kabanzi njengolimi olushumekiwe.
I-Lua ihlanganisa i-syntax yenqubo elula namakhono anamandla yokuchazwa kwedatha ngokusetshenziswa kwamalungu afanayo okuhlangana kanye nama-semantics wolimi anwebekayo. ULua usebenzisa ukubhala okunamandla; Ukwakhiwa kolimi kuguqulwa kube yi-bytecode esebenza ngaphezulu komshini obonakalayo we-log nomqoqi kadoti othomathikhi.
Yini okusha kuLua 5.4?
Kule nguqulo entsha yolimi, singathola ukuthi ivelele indlela entsha yokusebenza komqoqi kadoti, egcwalisa imodi yokuqoqwa kukadoti eyayikhona ngaphambili.
Indlela entsha kusho ukwethulwa kaningi komkhondo omfushane, ehlanganisa izinto ezisanda kwenziwa. Ukukhasa okugcwele kwazo zonke izinto kwenziwa kuphela uma, ngemuva kokukhasa okufishane, kungakwazanga ukufeza izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwememori oyifunayo. Le ndlela inika amandla ukusebenza okuphezulu nokusetshenziswa kwememori okuphansi esimweni sokugcina inani elikhulu lezinto eziphila isikhathi esifushane.
Olunye ushintsho oluqhamuka kuLua 5.4 yi- amandla okuchaza izakhi ezichazwe ngemfanelo "const". Ukuhluka okunjalo kungabiwa kanye kuphela futhi ngemuva kokuqalisa akusakwazi ukuguqulwa.
Futhi ukuthi ukusekelwa okusha kokuguquguqukayo nakho kuqokonyisiwe «Ukuvalwa», okunikezwe kusetshenziswa imfanelo «kuvaliwe» futhi kufana nokuguquguquka kwasendaweni okuhlala njalo (ngemfanelo ye-const), eyehlukile kubo ngokuthi inani livaliwe (indlela ye- "__close" ibizwa) kunoma ikuphi ukukhishwa kwendawo yokubonakala.
Uhlobo "Idatha yomsebenzisi", enikeza amandla okugcina noma iyiphi idatha ye-C kokuguquguqukayo kweLua (imele ibhulokhi yedatha kwimemori noma iqukethe isikhombisi se-C), manje ingaqukatha amanani amaningi (ube nokuguquguquka okuningana).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhlongozwa i-semantics entsha ku-Lua 5.4 yokubala amanani aphelele ku »for« loops. Inani lokuphindwaphindwa libalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kweluphu, eligwema ukugcwala okuguquguqukayo nokuqaqa. Uma inani lokuqala likhulu kunenani lomkhawulo, kwenziwa iphutha.
Kwengezwe uhlelo lokuxwayisa, okunqunywa kusetshenziswa isisho sesixwayiso futhi, ngokungafani namaphutha, akuthinti ukwenziwa kohlelo okulandelayo.
Kwezinye izinguquko ezigqamile:
- Imininingwane yokulungisa iphutha kuzimpikiswano zomsebenzi namanani wokubuyisa ingeziwe ku-opharetha we- "return".
- Imisebenzi yokuguqula izintambo izinombolo ihanjiswe kumtapo wezincwadi "wezintambo".
- Ikholi yomsebenzi wokwabiwa kwememori manje ingahle yehluleke uma usayizi we-memory block wehlisiwe.
- Kungezwe ukusekelwa kokucaciswa kwefomethi entsha ye - '% p' kumsebenzi we 'string.format'
- Umtapo wezincwadi we-utf8 uhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwamakhodi ezinhlamvu ngezinombolo ezifika ku-2 ^ 31.
- Impikiswano entsha ye-'itit 'ingeziwe emsebenzini we-'tring.gmatch', onquma ukuthi yisiphi isikhundla sokuqala ukusesha (ngokuzenzakalela, kuqala ngohlamvu olungu-1).
- Kungezwe imisebenzi emisha 'lua_resetthread' (setha kabusha intambo, sula yonke isitaki sezingcingo bese uvale konke okuguqukayo "ukuvala") kanye ne- 'coroutine.close'
Ungayifaka kanjani i-Lua ku-Linux?
Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwalo kakhulu yilolu limi Utolika wayo utholakala ekusatshalalisweni okuningi kweLinux.
para labo abangabasebenzisi be-Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint noma yiluphi uhlelo olususelwe kulezi, kufanele sivule kuphela i-terminal bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kuyo:
sudo apt install lua5.4
Uma kunjalo abasebenzisi be-Arch Linux, Manjaro, Antergos noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa okususelwa ku-Arch Linux, singakwazi ukufaka utolika kusuka ezinqolobaneni ze-AUR, ngoba lokhu kufanele sikuthayiphe kuphela:
yay -S lua
Ngenkathi ye- Labo abangabasebenzisi be-CentOS, i-RHEL, i-Fedora noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa okutholakala kulokhu, singakufaka nge:
sudo dnf install lua
Futhi ngilungele ngayo, sengivele ngifakiwe.