Imithombo ye-Gentoo: Ungayakha kanjani i-kernel yakho ngaphandle kokufa uzama

Yebo, leli elinye lamaphuzu engingeke ngiwashaye indiva ngaphambi kokuqala umhlahlandlela wokufaka we-Gentoo 🙂 Ngiyazi ukuthi abaningi bazobe sebebheke phambili kulokhu okuthunyelwe, futhi ngiyaxolisa ngokukwenza ulinde, kepha futhi ngicabanga ukuthi angikuchazi lokhu ngokucophelela ngokumelene nesimo sami somsebenzisi we-Gentoo 😛 Ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngokuqhubekayo, ake siqale.

Yini inhlamvu?

I-kernel ngokufanelekile iyingxenye ye-Linux yanoma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa, wuhlelo olusivumela ukuthi sixhumane nocezu ngalunye lwehadiwe kwikhompyutha yethu nezinhlelo esizisebenzisayo. Umakhi wayo, uLinus Torvalds, uthathe isinqumo sokuyikhipha ngaphansi kwelayisense ye-GPL futhi ngenxa yakhe, kanye nephrojekthi ye-GNU, manje singajabulela ukusatshalaliswa okuningi nezinhlobonhlobo esingakhetha kuzo. Ibhalwe kakhulu ku-C, nge-Assembly encane lapha nalaphaya, futhi namuhla iyi-software enkulu kunazo zonke yesoftware, enezinkulungwane zabathuthukisi abasebenza kuyo, bobabili abasebenza ngokuzilibazisa nochwepheshe, futhi igcina umugqa ukukhula okusheshisiwe okungapheli iminyaka eminingana manje . Nayi ifayili le- Ikhasi elisemthethweni le-kernel ukuze bakwazi ukubheka ngokujulile.

Unjani kuGentoo?

Yebo, njengoba kulindelwe eGentoo, kunezinketho eziningi ze-kernel, ngishiya lapha uhlu oluncane ukuze ukwazi ukubona kangcono engikushoyo:

• imithombo ye-gentoo: IKernel 4.12 enezimagqabhagqabha ezikhethekile zeGentoo Linux.
• imithombo ye-git: IKernel ilandwe ngqo endaweni yokugcina izinto zeLinus Git.
• imithombo ye-vanilla: I-kernel ephelele ngaphandle kwesiqeshana.
• imithombo ye-xbox: I-kernel ephelele ye-Xbox Linux.
• imithombo ye-zen: Ikhenela ephilayo yeZen
• ...

Ukuze uthole uhlu oluphelele ngikushiya ifayili le- isixhumanisi se-wiki lapho ungathola khona zonke izinhlamvu ezigcinwa yiGentoo ezinqolobaneni zazo (konke okuphela nge- -imithombo)

Nginekhodi, manje kwenzenjani?

Yebo, ngokungafani nawo wonke amanye amaphakheji we-Linux, i-kernel CHA Iyabuyekezwa, ifakiwe. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sibe nezinhlamvu eziningi ohlelweni lwethu ngasikhathi sinye, kunjalo, ungahlala usebenza eyodwa kuphela ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuze uyihlanganise, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amathuluzi esivele sixoxe ngawo kokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini. Kepha njengoba eGentoo umphakathi wenza umsebenzi wakho ongu-80%, ake siwenze ngendlela elula 😉

okulandelayo:

Ake ngikunikeze ithuluzi elihle kakhulu nje - libizwa nge-genkernel-elilandelayo, ungalithola ezinqolobaneni zeGentoo.

Uhlu lwezinketho lukhulu kakhulu, kepha nazi ezinye izinketho engizithandayo. Esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho ufaka iGentoo ngu ukumisa we-kernel yakho, lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole okuningi kwikhompyutha yakho futhi ngasikhathi sinye uvikele sonke leso sisindo esingeziwe ezinhlamvu eziningi zangaphambi kokuhlanganiswa.

I-CLI ne-GUI:

Njengoba ungalindela, ukumiswa kwekernel nakho kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza ukukhetha 🙂 kuyo yonke indawo, kuyamangalisa nje. Nazi ezinye zezithombe zokuthi izinketho zibukeka kanjani:

genkernel –xconfig konke

genkernel –qconfig konke

genkernel –nconfig konke

genkernel –menuconfig all (intandokazi yami)

Kuhle, kepha ngithola kanjani izinto?

Umbuzo ohlakaniphile wonke umuntu azibuza wona njengamanje. Uma ungafuni ukusesha umugqa ngomugqa, khumbula ukuthi «/ » futhi "? » Bangabangane bakho kulo msebenzi. Kepha njengoba kungcono ukubona kunokufunda, ngiyakukhombisa ukuthi ngiqonde ukuthini ngalokhu.

Ake sithi sidinga ukuhlola iprosesa yethu, i-kernel isekela zombili i-intel ne-amd, futhi eyethu iyi-intel. Uma ucindezela / (slash), kuzosiyisa kumenyu elandelayo:

Kuhle, manje ake sibone imilingo isebenza 🙂

Kuhle! Manje sinohlu lokudonsela phansi olunayo yonke imininingwane esingayidinga, igama lobuchwepheshe lemodyuli, indlela, uhlobo lwenani, njll. Manje umbuzo ... ngifika kanjani endaweni? Futhi kulula kakhulu! uma sibheka ingxenye yangakwesobunxele, sinezinombolo ngaphakathi kwabakaki. Cindezela eyodwa yazo uzobona umlingo wenzeka futhi.

Ngokushesha kanjena! Sesivele sikhona endaweni esiyidingayo. Kepha ... linda, ngikutshele lokho ? Ungumngani wakho, uyakhumbula? Hhayi-ke ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani uma sicindezela? khona manje.

Incazelo emfushane yemodyuli, izinketho zayo nokuncika kwayo - konke kutholakale kalula. Uma usesho lwakho seluqedile, ungaphuma. Ungaqaphela ukuthi ibha ephezulu ibuyele kulayini we-Search (intel), uma uphuma futhi, izokubuyisela kwimenyu enkulu lapho ungaqala khona usesho olusha.

Yini okufanele uhambise futhi yini?

Kuleli qophelo kufanele usuvele uzizwa unamandla ngokuphelele, ngoba uzuze okuthile okwenziwa ngabantu abambalwa empilweni yabo, ukuhlanganisa i-kernel. Halala! Kepha manje kuphakama umbuzo… yini okufanele ngiyiguqule? Lokho mngani wami, kuyinto etholwa nguwe kuphela, kepha-ke ngingakunika izincomo ezimbalwa ezingisiza kakhulu:

Okuzenzakalelayo kuyasebenza

Njengazo zonke izinhlelo, i-Linux ilungiselelwe ukusebenza nezilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe awufuni ukumisa noma yini, lapho uhlanganisa uzoba ne-kernel esebenzayo.

Uma ungayazi, ungayihambisi

Lokhu kuyinto okungenzeka ukuthi intsha entsha kakhulu izoyishalazela. Kuhle ukukwazi ukuzulazula ngokushesha ngezinketho, kepha uma unentshisekelo yokwazi ngempela ukuthi umshini wakho ucabanga kanjani, ukufundwa kwenketho ngayinye kuyindlela enhle yokujwayela umbono. Ukukhumbula njalo okuguqukayo nokusesha noma ukuqhathanisa nesiphequluli kunconywa kakhulu futhi.

Isisindo esikhulu sikubashayeli

Abashayeli abaningi balayishwa ngokuzenzakalela, lokhu kwenza ikernel isinde. Isibonelo, kumakhadi enethiwekhi kuphela, kunabashayeli abasemthethweni abangaba yishumi ku-kernel, futhi ukusatshalaliswa okuningi kuhlanganisa konke okungu-10, noma ngaphezulu, kepha empeleni uzosebenzisa eyodwa kuphela kukhompyutha yakho (qaphela ukuthi kwi-Wi-Fi kukhona enye ehlukile ingxenye). Uma ufuna ukunciphisa isisindo se-kernel yakho kakhulu, inketho yakho yokuqala ikhona. Ngalokhu, abangani bakho abakhulu bazoba lspci, lsusb, y -Google. Ngalokhu ungaba nombono ocacile wokuthi uhlelo lwakho lunani bese ushiya kuphela abashayeli abadingekayo ukuze balusebenze. Isibonelo ngishiya ukuphuma kwami ​​kwe-lspci:

Ngalokhu ngingaba nemininingwane ecace bha, efana nesilawuli senethiwekhi yami, isilawuli se-Wi-Fi, i-hard drive yami ye-SATA, nezinye izinto eziningi ezingisiza ukunciphisa isisindo se-kernel yami.

Bheka kahle ukuthi uhlanganisa okudingekayo nge *

Siyabonga futhi kuzakwethu njord, iphuzu elibalulekile engikhohliwe ukulisho ngenxa yomzwelo 🙂

Kumele futhi kushiwo ukuthi kunezici zekernel okufanele zifakwe ngaphakathi kwayo (*), kanti ezinye zingaphathwa njengamamojula (M). Ngikhumbula i-kernel yami yokuqala ehlanganisiwe, ngifuna ukushiya ukwesekwa kwezimpande zami njengemodyuli, kuzosebenza nini empilweni?!?! xD ...

Impela, uma i-kernel yakho idinga okuthile okuzosebenza, ayikwazi ukuba yifayela le- module. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, amamojula alayisha ngemuva kokuthi i-kernel isenze yonke inqubo yokuqalisa. Uma i-kernel yakho idinga okuthile ukuqala, kungcono ihlanganiswe kuyo esikhundleni se module … Okusiletha ephuzwini lokuqala futhi "?"  ungumngane wethu 😉

Ngamafuphi:

Manje njengoba usungene ezweni le-kernel kancane, ngicabanga ukuthi sengivele ngihlangane nenye ingqopha-mlando edingekayo ukuze ngikwazi ukukhiqiza umhlahlandlela wokufaka wama- ~ 20-step Gentoo 🙂 kepha uma ngithola noma yini enye ngizozama ukuchaza ngaphambi kwalokho vele ukhululeke emoyeni.

Ngiyabingelela futhi ngikushiya okunye engikuthumele uma kwenzeka ubakhumbula:

I-Gentoo Linux: Indaba Yohambo

UGentoo: Kungani ngakhetha ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zami?

UGentoo: Inhliziyo Yesilo