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Namuhla bekufanele ngilalele umhlangano wokufundisa ngezinga lokusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi e-Argentina futhi, phakathi kokunye, lapho kuchazwa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwezemfundo, i-Connect Equality Plan yashiwo njengenqubomgomo ebalulekile, lapho kunikezwa ngayo i-netbook engabizi kakhulu ezinganeni abaseminyakeni yokugcina yesikole samabanga aphansi ukuze banciphise "ukuhlukaniswa kwedijithali" okudumile.
Ukuthembeka ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokugxeka ukuqhuma nokungahleleki kokuqaliswa kwayo, angikwazi ukuma ngiqine "kokuqukethwe" kwalolu daba. Ekuqaleni, kunginikeza isithombe sokuthi yimali eningi "umthelela" wayo noma "imiphumela yezenhlalo" okunzima kakhulu ukulinganisa. Ungalinganisa kanjani ukuthi ngabe le mali esetshenziswayo ingekhwalithi ngempela, uma ngabe ikwazile ngempela "ukunciphisa ukwehlukana kwedijithali"? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuphakama umbuzo: azikho yini ezinye izindlela ezishibhile zokwehlisa "ukuhlukaniswa kwedijithali"? Angazi… Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngemuva kokufunda le ndatshana, ebaluleke kakhulu kulwazi lwase-Argentina, sihlanganyele enkulumweni bese usishiya nezimvo zakho. |
Impela kukhona ibhizinisi elithile elimnyama ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu
Uhlelo lokusebenzisa ama-laptop ashibhile kubafundi lwakhuthazwa nguNicholas Negroponte, umuntu ohamba phambili e-MIT, owayenomqondo wokudala i-netbook ebiza u-$100 ukusiza ukufunda kwezingane emazweni asathuthuka. Lo msebenzi ubizwa ngokuthi i-OLPC (I-Laptop Eyodwa Ngengane). Unakho konke: isiqubulo esihle, intengo enhle, kanye nemakethe engakasetshenziswa futhi engaba yisiboshwa.
I-OLPC ilaptop engaphezudlwana kwama- $ 100 eyenzelwe ukusebenza njenge "notebook nepensela" yezingane zekhulu lama-XNUMX, ikakhulukazi izingane emazweni asathuthuka. Lokhu kuzonciphisa igebe ledijithali phakathi kwalabo abanokuningi kakhulu nalabo abanokuncane. Masivume ukuthi kungumbono onesikhalazo esiningi.
Noma kunjalo, kuvunyelwe ukungazikholwa "izinhloso zabo ezinhle". Ekuqaleni, umuntu angasola ukuthi ngemuva kokudayiswa kwalawa ma-netbook kunamabhizinisi amakhulu. Eqinisweni, ikhona. I-OLPC akuyona uhlelo lokusiza. Futhi azilethwa mahhala kohulumeni; kufanele bazithenge, imvamisa ngobuningi bazo.
E-Argentina, uhlelo lwe-OLPC lwehlulekile. Uhlelo lwe -Conectar Igualdad , yize lufana kakhulu (ukunikeza izingane i-netbook eshibhile ukuze "kuncishiswe ukuhlukana kwedijithali"), ngeke lusebenzise i-OLPC kodwa amanye ama-netbook. Esikhundleni sokuthenga i-OLPC, uhulumeni waqala ngokuthenga ama-netbook e-Exomate ngentengo ecishe ibe yi-USD 330. Amakhompyutha kaNegroponte agcina ebiza ngaphezu kwe-USD 100, mhlawumbe i-150 noma i-180, kodwa asabiza kancane kune-Exomate. Vele, labo abavikela lesi sinqumo baphikisana, ngokufanele, ukuthi i-Exomate inememori eyengeziwe, i-hard drive engcono, kanye neprosesa engcono. Ngamanye amazwi, iyikhompyutha engcono . Kodwa-ke, ngiyazibuza ukuthi bekungeke kwenzeke yini ukuthola i-netbook enemininingwane engcono e-US, isibonelo, ngentengo efanayo esiyikhokhela i-Exomate.
Kodwa, okunye kokubi okudume kakhulu nokusolisayo kwama-netbook akhethwe uhulumeni ukuthi lawa ma-netbook eza ne-boot ebili ye-Windows ne-Linux. Njengokungathi ukufakwa kweMicrosoft bekukuncane, labo bozungu baphinde babhekise kunguqulo yeLinux ekhethiwe. I-OLPC iza noShukela, iLinux distro enomlando omude kepha lokho kugxile kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane (eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-12 ubudala). Ngokwengxenye yalo, uhlelo lweConectar Igualdad lubhekiswe ezinganeni eziseminyakeni yokugcina yesikole samabanga aphakeme. Labo abavikela lolu hlelo bagcina ngokuthi lesi yisona sizathu esenza ukuthi uShukela kufanele alahlwe. Labo abayigxekayo bayalahla ukuthi bakhethe iPixart njengokwabiwa kwezemfundo lapho kukhona abanye abanokwesekwa kwamazwe omhlaba futhi abaziwa umhlaba wonke futhi basekelwa ngumphakathi. I-Pixart ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux yase-Argentina ngokususelwa ku-Xandros eyimpikiswano, okungukusatshalaliswa okungekho ngokuphelele futhi okunikeza umuzwa othile wokuyekiswa. Njengokungathi lokhu bekunganele, iPixart yi-distro ekhokhelwayo, engagcina "ivala" inkolelo "yokuxoxisana", engasekho evela eNegroponte kepha evela enkampanini yase-Argentina eyabona ithuba futhi yalisebenzisa.
Abaxhasi bohlelo bakubona kuyindlela yokuqhakambisa imboni kazwelonke kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-SME. Inqubo yokugcina yokubhida ifaka phakathi ukukhuthazwa kwemboni kazwelonke, ngokucela njengesimo sokukhiqiza ama-58% wamabhuku we-netbook abebuthene e-Argentina futhi anama-platelet anezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe ezweni. Mayelana «nokungabaza» maqondana ne- «mayelana namanani», bagcizelela ukuthi inani leyunithi yamabhuku we-netbook atholwe nguHulumeni, ngama-USD 349 lilinye kufaka phakathi intela, kuyizindleko eziphansi kunamanani akhombisayo emakethe, ngokuya nge-Studies kusuka kubeluleki abazimele i-BDO ne-SIGEN kuphakathi kuka-US $ 365 no-US $ 506.
Ukufakwa kwesoftware ephathelene
Esinye sezici ezigxekwa kakhulu ngohlelo lweConectar Igualdad ukwethulwa kwe- dual boot (Windows neLinux), okwakungekho kuphrojekthi yokuqala ye-OLPC.
Enye yezinhlangano ezihilelekile kule mpikiswano, i -Solar-Free Software Association of Argentina , igcizelela ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela ephumelelayo yohlelo olushiwo ngenhla mayelana nesofthiwe ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile kwe-Free Software, njengoba kuye kwaqaliswa e-Uruguay naseSwitzerland, phakathi kwamanye amazwe. ISwitzerland, ikakhulukazi, yashiya isofthiwe enikezwe yi-Microsoft kumakhompyutha ayo esikole esikhathini esithile esidlule ngemuva kokuhlaziywa okujulile kwemigomo yokusebenzisa.
I-Solar iveza izizathu ezinhlanu njengesisekelo sokwamukelwa okukhethekile kwe-Free Software (FS).
1) Ubukhosi Bezobuchwepheshe: ukuthi uMbuso nguyena olawula imininingwane nezinhlelo zamakhompiyutha zezinhlelo zawo, afinyelele kwikhodi yezinhlelo ezizilawulayo, aqinisekise ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kushintshwe umhlinzeki wesevisi yamakhompuyutha ukugwema ukuboshelwa enkampanini, okhethekile, owangaphandle. Okuthiwa "ukungathathi hlangothi" kwebhuthi ephindwe kabili empeleni kufihla isikhundla esivelele senkampani eyodwa kunezinye. Kodwa futhi kuphakamisa isimo sokungenelela okungenzeka ezinqumweni ezizimele nezizimele zoMbuso, ezigcina njengezithunjiwe kulezi zinkampani ezingalethi imali ezweni.
2) Imfundo njengelungelo lomuntu: isinqumo sokusebenzisa iSoftware yamahhala sinenani eliphindwe kabili ngoba ivumela bobabili ukuthi bafunde ngayo ngokweqiniso ngenxa yokutholakala kwayo kwikhodi yomthombo, nokubona ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe izinguquko futhi kungahambisani nalokho isenzo somkhuba. Ukufunda ngeFree Software kusho ukufunda ukufunda, nokufunda ngokukhululeka, umoya wokufuna ukwazi nowokugxeka; ngokungafani 'nokuqeqeshwa' ekusetshenzisweni kohlelo noma uhlelo oluthile.
3) Ukufakwa kwidijithali: Isoftware yamahhala ingakopishwa futhi isatshalaliswe ngokusemthethweni, okuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okulinganayo kubo bonke abantu, iba yimoto yokudlulisa ulwazi. I-SL ithanda ukwabiwa kwezenhlalo kwezobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ifuna ukufakwa kwedijithali kwangempela - okubanzi futhi okuphelele - okufaka ukwehluka kwamasiko kukho konke ukukhuluma kwayo, ngaphandle kokwehluka kobulili, ubuhlanga, inkolo, umsebenzi noma okwamaqembu, izikhungo noma umentshisi
4) Ukuqinisa intuthuko yasendaweni: ukwamukela iSoftware Yamahhala ezinhlelweni Zombuso kuqondisa kabusha imali namuhla eya ezinkampanini ezinkulu zamazwe omhlaba, kwezinye izinkampani zosizo lwasendaweni. UHulumeni wase-Argentina kumele anikele ekuthuthukisweni kwasendaweni ngokusebenzisa i-Free Software, agweme izindleko ezingadingekile futhi aziguqulele ekutshaleni imali kweSoftware ne-IT Services Industry yezwe.
5) Ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinsizakusebenza zoMbuso: Isistimu yokusebenza ephindwe kabili (kufaka phakathi eyamahhala neyokuphathelene) ikhiqiza izindleko eziphindwe kabili.
Ukucaciswa kwezinqubomgomo zemfundo
Mayelana nokubaluleka kwalolu hlelo lokwehlisa ukwahlukana kwedijithali, kukhona labo abathi kugcizelelwa kakhulu okwabekwa engxenyeni yezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha hhayi kulokho okuphathelene nokufakwa komshini kunqubo yezemfundo. Futhi akuzange kushiwo ukuthi izokhulunywa kanjani ngezinhlelo ebezivele zisetshenziswa ezifundeni ezehlukene, njengeSan Luis, esivele isiqalile ukuletha imishini kuma-primaries, noma edolobheni laseBuenos Aires. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekungekho nkulumo yokuthi kuzoba nokubuyekezwa kwezinhlelo zokufunda noma cha.
Abaxhasi becebo bathule du kuleli phuzu. Okungcono, bakubeka "njengenselelo" yesikhathi esizayo.
Ingqalasizinda
Ingqalasizinda edingekayo ukwenza lolu hlelo imangalisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa isimo esimpofu ezinye zezikole zethu ezizithola sikuso. Okokuqala, udinga izinsiza eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo: ugesi ne-inthanethi (lapho kungenzeka khona, kungenazintambo). Lezi yizimo ezi-2 ezingezona zonke izikole zethu ezihlangabezana nazo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi amaseva, ama-routers kanye nengqalasizinda ethile ukuze lawa ma-netbook "akhethekile" asebenze kahle. Kokugcina kufanele sengeze iqiniso elishiwo ephuzwini elidlule: imfundo inikezwe izifundazwe futhi lokhu kunguhlelo lukazwelonke. Ukucaciswa phakathi kwale minyango yomibili kuhlale kunzima.
Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha
Ekucabangeni kwemibono yalolu hlelo, ukuguqulwa kwezindawo zendabuko zemfundo zibe yizinhlelo zomuntu ngamunye kuya kwenye lapho kucatshangelwa lapho uthisha angathuthukisa amakilasi abo kusuka kwi-PC lapho kuzoxhunyaniswa khona bonke abafundi abasekilasini (ngamunye nge ikhompyutha yabo) futhi bangasebenza ngokubambisana.
Inselelo lokhu okushoyo inkulu kakhulu. Lokho kuchaza ukuthi kungani amakhompiyutha eza ngaphambi koqeqesho: noma ngabe kutholakala izinsiza ezingakanani, ukuqeqesha izinkulungwane zothisha abacatshangelwe kuhlelo kuyinqubo enzima esevele iqala ukwenziwa ngempumelelo kwezinye izikole noma kunjalo.
Amazwi aphikisayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, agcizelela ukuthi ama-netbook angaba wusizo olubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni komuntu ngamunye ngabafundi, kepha maqondana nokuxhumana nothisha, bazoba indawo engeyinhle yobudlelwano obuqondile bukathisha nomfundi.
Ngokwabo, maqondana nezindaba zezemfundo nezokufundisa, othisha abaningi ababambe iqhaza ohlelweni lokuqeqesha izinyanga ezi-4 (bahlukaniswe ikilasi elilodwa ngeviki) ukuze bafunde ngezicelo ezithile zemfundo zamathuluzi e-e-learning nam CMAP, bakhala ngokuthi uma inkambo iqediwe, abatholanga eminye imiyalo noma izinkomba maqondana nokuthi balwenza kanjani uhlelo.
Ukusetshenziswa okufanele
Amazwi avikela lolu hlelo aphikisa ngokuthi ukuba khona nje kwe-artifact / chiche / iron kuzosho ushintsho lwendima endimeni kathisha (ozoba nephrofayili ekhuthazayo, evuleke ngokwengeziwe). Izokhuthaza ukuxhumana nabantu ngezinhloso ezijwayelekile, futhi izokwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamaforamu, amabhulogi, ama-wikis. Indima yabafundi izoshintsha, abazophinde babe ngabakhiqizi bemininingwane, okungafinyelela ezingeni lomhlaba.
Futhi, ukufunda ukusebenzisa la mathuluzi amasha nokuba nekhompyutha yomuntu siqu kungasiza izingane zikhulise amathuba azo okuqashwa. Kungakho lolu hlelo lubhekiswe ikakhulu kubafundi abangena ezigabeni zokugcina zamabanga aphakeme.
Amazwi aphikisana nalolu hlelo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, athi yize izincwadi zokubhalela zifinyelele ezikoleni ezisenkabeni yezwe, bobabili othisha nabafundi abakaze baqeqeshwe kahle ngokuthuthuka kohlelo lwezemfundo emakilasini kanti imishini esetshenziswa njengamakhompiyutha wendabuko ukufaka i-Facebook noma ukulayisha isoftware ebanjiwe, kwenzekani?
Kuyacaca ukuthi intsha iphatha amakhompyutha kangcono kakhulu kunothisha. Bazisebenzisela ukuzibulala ngocelemba, basebenzisa kabi amakhophi nokunamathisela, ukuthola imininingwane abangayichazanga noma bayihlaziye, njll. Kubalulekile ukuthi othisha bazi ukuthi basebenza kanjani nezingane ukuze kube ithuluzi elizisiza ukuthi zikwazi ukucabanga.